本文選題：馬克思社會(huì)發(fā)展理論 + 對(duì)人的依賴　； 參考：《中國石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：人類社會(huì)發(fā)展問題既是馬克思主義理論的核心,也一直是哲學(xué)人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究的重大課題。馬克思的社會(huì)發(fā)展“三階段”論對(duì)中國特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的指導(dǎo)意義,學(xué)界已有相當(dāng)充分的研究。但當(dāng)代中國社會(huì)所形成的既有對(duì)“人的依賴”又有對(duì)“物的依賴”這種獨(dú)特的“雙重依賴”現(xiàn)象,及其與馬克思社會(huì)發(fā)展理論之間的關(guān)系,或者說馬克思社會(huì)發(fā)展理論對(duì)該現(xiàn)象的解釋力,并未引起學(xué)界應(yīng)有的重視。在對(duì)比當(dāng)代中國社會(huì)“雙重依賴”現(xiàn)象與馬克思社會(huì)發(fā)展理論的非一致性基礎(chǔ)上,分析這種現(xiàn)象形成的原因并探討走出“雙重依賴”進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)“人的自由而全面發(fā)展”的可能性,具有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。當(dāng)代中國社會(huì)的“雙重依賴”現(xiàn)象,主要表現(xiàn)為以清官情結(jié)和權(quán)力崇拜為主要特征的對(duì)“人的依賴”,以及以器物至上與功利主義為特征的對(duì)“物的依賴”。這種現(xiàn)象的形成,一是近代中國從器物到制度再到觀念這一與西方現(xiàn)代文明形成順序顛倒的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程,使對(duì)“人的依賴”得以延續(xù);而國家社會(huì)主義動(dòng)員模式下的單位制和公社制,事實(shí)上又強(qiáng)化了對(duì)“人的依賴”。二是再分配制度與市場(chǎng)體制的并行,導(dǎo)致工具理性的張揚(yáng),從而又疊加了對(duì)“物的依賴”。走出“雙重依賴”的基本路徑:一是通過價(jià)值信仰體系的重建,從觀念層面上超越權(quán)力本位和利益本位,即以社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀為基礎(chǔ),一方面繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)“傳統(tǒng)文化中適合于調(diào)理社會(huì)關(guān)系和鼓勵(lì)人們向上向善的內(nèi)容”,重建社會(huì)普遍認(rèn)同的文化體系;另一方面以開放的視野,吸取其他文化成就中有價(jià)值的養(yǎng)分,形成以理性精神和個(gè)人權(quán)利觀為中心的現(xiàn)代價(jià)值體系。二是加強(qiáng)制度和法制建設(shè),為擺脫對(duì)“人的依賴”提供制度化的保障;即一方面規(guī)范權(quán)力授予機(jī)制,全面落實(shí)“權(quán)為民所授”的原則,健全約束公權(quán)力的制度體系;另一方面推進(jìn)權(quán)力市場(chǎng)向法治市場(chǎng)的轉(zhuǎn)化,健全私權(quán)和私域法律保障機(jī)制,并為民眾的利益表達(dá)和政治參與提供制度化管道。三是構(gòu)建波蘭尼意義上的“能動(dòng)社會(huì)”,抵制商品化對(duì)社會(huì)的侵蝕,扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系脫離社會(huì)關(guān)系并凌駕于社會(huì)關(guān)系之上的泛商品化趨勢(shì),擺脫對(duì)物的過度依賴。
[Abstract]:The development of human society is not only the core of Marxist theory, but also an important subject in the study of philosophy, humanities and social sciences. The theory of "three stages" of Marx's social development has been fully studied on the guiding significance of socialist construction with Chinese characteristics. However, the unique phenomenon of "double dependence", which is formed in the contemporary Chinese society, is both "human dependence" and "material dependence", and the relationship between it and Marx's social development theory. In other words, the explanatory power of Marx's social development theory to this phenomenon has not aroused the academic circles'due attention. On the basis of contrasting the phenomenon of "double dependence" between contemporary Chinese society and Marx's theory of social development, It is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze the causes of this phenomenon and to explore the possibility of "free and all-round development of human beings" out of "double dependence". The phenomenon of "double dependence" in contemporary Chinese society is mainly characterized by the dependence on human beings, which is characterized by the complex of clean officials and the worship of power, and the dependence on "things" characterized by the supremacy of objects and utilitarianism. The formation of this kind of phenomenon is that the modernization process of modern China from the objects to the system to the idea, which is reversed with the formation order of the western modern civilization, makes the dependence on man continue. In fact, the system of unit and commune under the pattern of national socialist mobilization strengthens the dependence on people. The other is the parallel of the redistribution system and the market system, which leads to the publicity of instrumental rationality and the superposition of the dependence on things. To get out of the basic path of "double dependence": first, through the reconstruction of the value belief system, we should transcend the power standard and the interest standard from the concept level, that is, take the socialist core values as the foundation, On the one hand, it inherits and develops "the content of traditional culture that is suitable for regulating social relations and encouraging people to make progress towards the good", so as to rebuild the cultural system that is generally accepted by society; on the other hand, with an open field of vision, To absorb valuable nutrients from other cultural achievements and form a modern value system centered on rational spirit and individual right view. Second, to strengthen the construction of system and legal system, to provide institutional guarantee for getting rid of "dependence on human beings", that is, to standardize the mechanism of power granting, to implement the principle of "right for the people" in an all-round way, and to perfect the system of restraining public power. On the other hand, we should promote the transformation of power market to the market of rule of law, perfect the legal protection mechanism of private rights and private areas, and provide a systematic channel for the expression of people's interests and political participation. Thirdly, it is necessary to construct a "dynamic society" in Polanyi's sense, resist the erosion of society by commercialization, reverse the tendency of economic relations to break away from social relations and be above social relations, and get rid of over-dependence on things.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669

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