本文選題：全國(guó)人大常委會(huì) + 專題詢問�。� 參考：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：“專題詢問”是全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)在“詢問”這一法定監(jiān)督形式基礎(chǔ)上做出的創(chuàng)新舉措。從形式上看,它是指全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)在常委會(huì)會(huì)議召開期間,每年選取若干個(gè)涉及國(guó)家重大民生和人民群眾普遍關(guān)注的問題,結(jié)合審議工作開展的有針對(duì)性的詢問活動(dòng)。專題詢問自2010年由全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)首創(chuàng)后即得到了社會(huì)各界的關(guān)注,并以其操作簡(jiǎn)便、啟動(dòng)方便、實(shí)施快捷等優(yōu)勢(shì),迅速在全國(guó)各級(jí)人大中“流行”開來(lái),成為各級(jí)人大常委會(huì)開展監(jiān)督的常態(tài)化手段。近年來(lái),有一定數(shù)量的文章從不同的角度對(duì)專題詢問進(jìn)行了研究,但總體說(shuō)來(lái)還不夠細(xì)致。專題詢問就其地位與性質(zhì)、法律與法規(guī)、運(yùn)行與實(shí)施等各方面都還有很多值得探索與改進(jìn)之處。十二屆全國(guó)人大以來(lái),隨著我國(guó)全面深化改革的整體啟動(dòng),人大監(jiān)督步入了嶄新的階段,并必然會(huì)在今后起到更切實(shí)、更重要的作用,助力推進(jìn)人民代表大會(huì)制度的運(yùn)行與發(fā)展。在此背景下,對(duì)專題詢問進(jìn)行深入的研究,對(duì)提升人大監(jiān)督實(shí)效、優(yōu)化人大與政府的運(yùn)行機(jī)制、強(qiáng)健人大自身體系都有著相當(dāng)重要的作用。本文以全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)這一國(guó)家最高權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)所開展的專題詢問為研究對(duì)象。在文中,對(duì)全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)的專題詢問進(jìn)行了溯源與梳理,探討了其概念和涵義,分析了其特點(diǎn)和運(yùn)行方式。在實(shí)踐研究方面,采取“點(diǎn)線結(jié)合”,除了綜合評(píng)論歷年專題詢問實(shí)踐的整體狀況之外,還通過(guò)幾個(gè)切入點(diǎn)展現(xiàn)專題詢問的多個(gè)側(cè)面:一是選取了 2013年暨十二屆全國(guó)人大換屆之后第一年的開展情況為例,重點(diǎn)分析常委會(huì)組成人員的參與情況;二是選取了 2015年審議職業(yè)教育法執(zhí)法檢查報(bào)告專題詢問,分析專題詢問獨(dú)有的關(guān)聯(lián)性,包括和其他監(jiān)督方式關(guān)聯(lián)、人大和其他機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)聯(lián)的情況;三是記錄2016年食品安全法執(zhí)法檢查報(bào)告專題詢問現(xiàn)場(chǎng)過(guò)程,為專題詢問研究提供了主觀視角。從我國(guó)人大常委會(huì)監(jiān)督工作的整體發(fā)展角度看,專題詢問表面上只是人大常委會(huì)一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新的監(jiān)督形式,但如果放到我國(guó)政治體制改革與人大監(jiān)督發(fā)展的大背景中,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)專題詢問的產(chǎn)生和演進(jìn)正是與此大勢(shì)相契合,其實(shí)踐與運(yùn)行中均遵循著我國(guó)政治環(huán)境、體制改革的基本原則,體現(xiàn)了我國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)制的優(yōu)勢(shì)和特點(diǎn)。本文經(jīng)分析專題詢問的實(shí)踐歷程,得出如下結(jié)論:專題詢問是人大監(jiān)督從程序性向?qū)嵸|(zhì)性的轉(zhuǎn)變、從單一監(jiān)督方式向組合監(jiān)督形式的聯(lián)接。如果將人大監(jiān)督方式從柔性監(jiān)督向剛性監(jiān)督進(jìn)行排列,則可以發(fā)現(xiàn)專題詢問正是這監(jiān)督鏈條上居中的一環(huán),鏈接起不同力度和形式的監(jiān)督。同時(shí),就專題詢問的表現(xiàn)來(lái)說(shuō),它有其自身的適用性(或稱限用性),也有不同于其他監(jiān)督方式的特殊的作用。正是站在這個(gè)角度,本文指出了專題詢問還可以進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮更大的作用,并立足人大工作的實(shí)際情況,針對(duì)一些可改進(jìn)之處給出了自己的建議。
[Abstract]:"Thematic inquiry" is an innovative measure made by the NPC Standing Committee on the basis of the legal supervision form of "inquiring". In form, it refers to a number of issues related to the major people's livelihood and the general concern of the people every year during the meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, which is carried out in combination with the deliberations. Since 2010, the special inquiries have received the attention of the people from all walks of life after the founding of the NPC Standing Committee in 2010, and with its advantages of easy operation, convenient start and implementation, it has become popular in the National People's Congress at all levels, and has become a normalization method to supervise the people's Congress at all levels. The number of articles has been studied from different angles, but in general, it is not detailed enough. There are many points worth exploring and improving on its status and nature, laws and regulations, operation and implementation, and so on. Since the twelve National People's Congress, the people's Congress has started the overall deepening of the reform since the National People's Congress. Supervision has entered a new stage and will certainly play a more practical and more important role in the future to promote the operation and development of the people's Congress system. Under this background, a thorough study of the subject inquiry is carried out to improve the effectiveness of the supervision of the people's Congress, to optimize the operation mechanism of the people's Congress and the government, and to strengthen the system of the people's Congress. In this paper, the subject inquiry of the National People's Congress, the highest authority of the National People's Congress, is studied. In this paper, the subject inquiry of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress was traced and combed, its concept and meaning were discussed, its characteristics and operational formulas were analyzed. In addition to the comprehensive review of the overall situation of the previous year's special inquiry practice, it also shows several aspects of the subject inquiry through several entry points: first, the first year of the 2013 and the twelve National People's Congress after the change of the first year is taken as an example to analyze the participation of the members of the Standing Committee, and the two is to select the vocational education in 2015. Education law enforcement inspection report special inquiry, analysis of the unique relevance of the special topic, including related to other supervision methods, people's people's Congress and other institutions related to the situation; three is to record the 2016 food safety law enforcement inspection report on the site process, to provide a subjective perspective for the subject inquiry. On the whole development point of view, thematic inquiry is only an innovative supervision form on the surface of the Standing Committee of the NPC. But if we put it into the background of the political system reform and the supervision and development of the people's Congress, it will be found that the production of special inquiries and Yan Jinzheng are in accordance with the situation. Both the practice and the operation follow the political environment of our country and the system. The basic principles of the reform reflect the advantages and characteristics of the system of the people's Congress in China. Through the analysis of the practical course of the people's Congress, this paper draws the following conclusions: thematic inquiries are the transformation of the people's Congress supervision from the procedural to the substantive, the connection from the single supervision mode to the combination supervision form. When the rigid supervision is arranged, it can be found that thematic inquiry is the middle part of the chain of supervision, and links up different dynamics and forms of supervision. At the same time, it has its own applicability (or limit), or a special function different from other supervision methods. It is pointed out that thematic inquiry can further play a greater role, and based on the actual situation of the work of the NPC, it gives some suggestions for some improvements.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D622

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本文編號(hào)：1881052