發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-08 14:59

  本文選題：女職工 + 生命周期��； 參考：《四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)對(duì)勞動(dòng)者法定退休年齡的規(guī)范開(kāi)始于20世紀(jì)50年代,經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)次調(diào)整,確立了現(xiàn)行的法定退休年齡政策。建國(guó)六十年來(lái),我國(guó)的人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)狀況發(fā)生了巨大的變化,現(xiàn)行的法定退休年齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)亟需調(diào)整。2013年,黨的十八屆三中全會(huì)明確地提出“研究制定漸進(jìn)式延遲退休年齡政策”,從而使延遲退休年齡的討論上升到國(guó)家層面。由于退休政策涉及到勞動(dòng)者個(gè)人、家庭與用人單位等各個(gè)利益主體的的切身利益,實(shí)施延遲退休年齡政策的決策引起了強(qiáng)烈反應(yīng)與激烈爭(zhēng)論,進(jìn)而使政策調(diào)整與制度改革面臨壓力與阻力。從相關(guān)研究與政策討論來(lái)看,女職工成為延遲退休年齡政策調(diào)整的重點(diǎn)對(duì)象人群。因此,有必要充分分析延遲退休政策給這一群體所帶來(lái)的潛在影響與效應(yīng),進(jìn)而提出有效的應(yīng)對(duì)性措施,推進(jìn)相關(guān)政策的順利施行。本文從生命周期理論和家庭勞動(dòng)理論出發(fā),構(gòu)造了女職工的“家庭勞動(dòng)—市場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)—閑暇”的生命周期分析框架,以此分析延遲退休年齡政策給女職工群體帶來(lái)的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),延遲退休年齡政策會(huì)延長(zhǎng)女職工生命周期的市場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)階段,擠占女職工退休后的家庭勞動(dòng)時(shí)間和閑暇時(shí)間。引入機(jī)會(huì)成本與機(jī)會(huì)收益概念,對(duì)這種“擠出效應(yīng)”進(jìn)行測(cè)算,延遲退休年齡政策引起相當(dāng)大比例的女職工生命周期的時(shí)間配置變化主要表現(xiàn)為負(fù)效應(yīng),即延遲退休年齡政策會(huì)降低女職工及其家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)效用與福利水平。因此,從理論上講,有家務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)的女職工一般會(huì)對(duì)延遲退休年齡政策存在不滿情緒。本文選取了成都市青羊區(qū)作為調(diào)查地點(diǎn),對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)從業(yè)女職工的時(shí)間配置及其延遲退休意愿情況進(jìn)行了問(wèn)卷調(diào)查。經(jīng)過(guò)分析得出,從事商品零售和家政保潔等低層次服務(wù)業(yè)工作的女職工的家庭勞動(dòng)時(shí)間與其延遲退休意愿有著較為明顯的負(fù)相關(guān)性,即她們從事家庭勞動(dòng)的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),她們就越不愿意延遲退休年齡。另外,研究還發(fā)現(xiàn),時(shí)間配置影響女職工退休意愿的路徑是不同的。在上班時(shí)間規(guī)律、休息時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的服務(wù)行業(yè)就業(yè)的女職工不愿意延遲退休年齡的原因是對(duì)閑暇時(shí)間的偏好,她們關(guān)注的是因閑暇時(shí)間縮短帶來(lái)的生活質(zhì)量的下降;在上班時(shí)間需要輪換、節(jié)假日得不到正常休息的服務(wù)行業(yè)就業(yè)的女職工反對(duì)延遲退休年齡則主要是因?yàn)閾?dān)心家庭勞動(dòng)時(shí)間被擠占,無(wú)法照顧老人與孫子女等家人。最后,在理論分析與實(shí)證調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)實(shí)施漸進(jìn)式的延遲退休政策,以減輕延遲退休年齡政策對(duì)女職工傳統(tǒng)生命周期時(shí)間安排的沖擊及負(fù)面影響;首先針對(duì)上班時(shí)間規(guī)律、休息時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的女職工群體實(shí)施延遲退休年齡政策;對(duì)確有照護(hù)家人等家庭勞動(dòng)要求與責(zé)任的女職工實(shí)施包容性延遲退休年齡政策。
[Abstract]:China began to regulate the legal retirement age of workers in the 1950s, after several adjustments, established the current legal retirement age policy. In the 60 years since the founding of the people's Republic of China, great changes have taken place in the population and economic and social conditions of our country, and the current legal retirement age is in urgent need of adjustment. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee explicitly proposed "to study and formulate the policy of gradual delay of retirement age", thus raising the discussion of the late retirement age to the national level. As the retirement policy involves the vital interests of individual workers, families and employers, the decision to implement the policy of delaying retirement age has aroused strong reactions and heated debates. Then make policy adjustment and system reform face pressure and resistance. From the related research and policy discussion, female workers become the focus of the adjustment of late retirement age policy. Therefore, it is necessary to fully analyze the potential impact and effect of the delayed retirement policy on this group, and then put forward effective countermeasures to promote the smooth implementation of relevant policies. Based on the life cycle theory and the family labor theory, this paper constructs the life cycle analysis framework of "family labor, market labor and leisure" for female workers and staff, and then analyzes the influence of the policy of delayed retirement age on the female workers and staff members. It is found that the policy of delaying retirement age will prolong the market labor stage of female employees' life cycle and occupy the family labor time and leisure time of female workers after retirement. By introducing the concept of opportunity cost and opportunity income, this "crowding-out effect" is calculated. A large proportion of women workers' life cycle time allocation changes caused by the policy of delayed retirement age are mainly shown as negative effects. That is, the policy of delaying retirement age will reduce the economic utility and welfare level of female workers and their families. Therefore, in theory, women workers with household responsibilities are generally dissatisfied with the late retirement age policy. This paper selects Qingyang District of Chengdu as the investigation place, and carries on the questionnaire survey to the service industry female worker's time disposition and the late retirement intention situation. After analysis, it is concluded that the family working hours of female workers engaged in low-level service industries such as commodity retailing and domestic cleaning are significantly negatively correlated with their willingness to delay retirement, that is, the longer they work at home, the longer they are engaged in family work. The more reluctant they are to delay the retirement age. In addition, the study also found that time allocation affects women workers' retirement willingness path is different. In the law of working hours, the reason why female employees in the service industry with long rest time are unwilling to delay retirement age is their preference for leisure time. They pay attention to the decline of quality of life caused by the shortening of leisure time. Female workers in service industries who do not get a normal rest on holidays oppose the delay in retirement age because they are worried that family working hours will be crowded out and they will not be able to take care of their families such as the elderly and their grandchildren. Finally, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, this paper proposes that the appropriate time to implement the gradual delay retirement policy, in order to reduce the impact of the delayed retirement age policy on the traditional life cycle of female workers and staff time and negative impact; Firstly, according to the law of working hours and the long rest time, the policy of delayed retirement age is implemented; the policy of inclusive delay retirement age is applied to the female workers who do take care of their families and other family labor requirements and responsibilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D412.6;D669.68

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 黎文武,唐代盛;彈性退休制度與養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)保障制度整合初論[J];西北人口;2004年03期

2 李珍;關(guān)于退休年齡的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)思考[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)論;1997年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉紅英;中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)家庭家務(wù)勞動(dòng)分工的性別差異[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：1861856