本文選題：居家養(yǎng)老 + 政府服務　； 參考：《西北農林科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：老齡化問題是困擾當今世界的難題,在未富先老的中國,這個問題更加突出。如何更好地解決養(yǎng)老問題,越來越受到社會各界的廣泛關注。首先,傳統(tǒng)意義上的家庭養(yǎng)老模式因為家庭規(guī)模小型化、家庭結構趨于空巢化而難以支撐養(yǎng)老服務需求。其次,機構養(yǎng)老模式存在老年人普遍受傳統(tǒng)思想觀念束縛、在機構養(yǎng)老缺乏親情感以及養(yǎng)老機構收費偏高等問題。居家養(yǎng)老模式是一種新型的養(yǎng)老方式,它結合了傳統(tǒng)的家庭養(yǎng)老模式和機構養(yǎng)老模式的優(yōu)勢,老年人不脫離原先的家庭和所在社區(qū),在熟悉的生活環(huán)境中養(yǎng)老,并且養(yǎng)老服務提供主體相對多元化,服務內容和種類選擇面廣,對解決中國面臨的養(yǎng)老困境有深遠的現(xiàn)實意義。本文研究的主要內容是張家港市的居家養(yǎng)老服務模式。作為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展長期走在中國前列的江蘇張家港地區(qū),早于全國17年步入老齡化社會,因此該市對養(yǎng)老服務體系現(xiàn)代化建設的研究和實踐有更迫切的需求。其養(yǎng)老工作多次獲得國家、省、蘇州市表彰,曾領先全國最早制定“家庭養(yǎng)老院”管理標準并被民政部引用推廣,在長期的居家養(yǎng)老服務實踐工作中積累了一定的經(jīng)驗。目前已基本形成了覆蓋市、鎮(zhèn)、村三級的網(wǎng)絡化居家養(yǎng)老服務模式。文章在對國內外研究情況進行歸納后,對相關概念和基礎理論進行了闡述。然后通過采用文獻法、比較分析法等對張家港市居家養(yǎng)老服務模式的發(fā)展概況、運作機制及特征進行了分析探究。并選取張家港市楊舍鎮(zhèn)四個社區(qū)1011名老年人進行問卷調查,通過對有效問卷進行整理分析,查找張家港市居家養(yǎng)老服務工作當前存在的問題,并結合國內外居家養(yǎng)老服務成功經(jīng)驗對其未來的發(fā)展提出了若干建議。張家港市的居家養(yǎng)老服務采用市—鎮(zhèn)—村三級網(wǎng)絡化管理模式,有著完善的發(fā)展機制,政府層面出臺了各項政策支持社會力量參與養(yǎng)老事業(yè),居家養(yǎng)老服務功能齊全,老年人權益保障水平較高。但由于該市居家養(yǎng)老工作仍處于起步階段,通過實地調研得知其存在服務內容不能完全對接需求、社區(qū)醫(yī)療水平較低、服務評估體系不完善等問題。因此,在參考英美日等發(fā)達國家和中國發(fā)達地區(qū)的居家養(yǎng)老服務實踐經(jīng)驗的基礎之上,結合張家港市目前的主要形式和特點,文中給出了完善當前居家養(yǎng)老服務模式的意見建議,包括繁榮養(yǎng)老市場,增辦社區(qū)護理院,完善服務評估體系等。
[Abstract]:Aging is a difficult problem in today's world, and it is more prominent in China before it is rich. How to better solve the pension problem, more and more attention from all walks of life. Firstly, the traditional family pension model is difficult to support the demand for old-age service because of the miniaturization of family size and the empty nesting of family structure. Secondly, there are some problems in the institutional old-age care model, such as the old people are generally bound by the traditional ideas, lack of pro-emotion in the institutional old-age care system, and the fees of the old-age institutions are on the high side. The family pension model is a new type of old-age care mode. It combines the advantages of the traditional family old-age pension model and the institutional old-age care model. The elderly do not leave the original family and the community, in the familiar living environment for the aged. And the main body of pension service is relatively diversified, and the choice of service content and type is wide, which has far-reaching practical significance to solve the pension dilemma faced by China. The main content of this paper is the home pension service model of Zhangjiagang City. The Zhangjiagang area of Jiangsu Province, which has been in the forefront of China's economic and social development for a long time, stepped into an aging society 17 years earlier than the whole country. Therefore, the study and practice of the modernization of the old-age service system in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province, has a more urgent need. Its pension work has been recognized by the state, province and Suzhou city for many times, and it has been the first to establish the management standard of "home nursing home" in the whole country and has been quoted and popularized by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. It has accumulated certain experience in the long-term practice of home pension service. At present has basically formed covers the city, the town, the village three-level network home endowment service pattern. After summarizing the research situation at home and abroad, this paper expounds the related concepts and basic theories. Then through the use of literature method, comparative analysis and other analysis of Zhangjiagang City home pension service model development, operation mechanism and characteristics of analysis and exploration. And 1011 elderly people in four communities of Yangshe Town, Zhangjiagang City, are selected to carry out a questionnaire survey. Through sorting out and analyzing the valid questionnaires, we can find out the problems existing in the work of providing for the aged at home in Zhangjiagang City. Some suggestions for its future development are put forward based on the successful experience of home care service at home and abroad. Zhangjiagang's home pension service adopts the three-level network-based management model of city, town and village, and has a perfect development mechanism. At the government level, various policies have been issued to support the social forces to participate in the old-age service, and the services for the aged at home have complete functions. The protection of the rights and interests of the elderly is relatively high. However, the work of providing for the aged at home in the city is still in its initial stage. Through the field investigation, it is known that the service content can not be fully connected with the demand, the level of community medical care is low, and the service evaluation system is not perfect, and so on. Therefore, on the basis of reference to the practical experience of home pension services in developed countries such as the United States, America and Japan and developed regions in China, combined with the main forms and characteristics of Zhangjiagang City at present, In this paper, some suggestions are given to improve the current service model of the aged at home, including the prosperity of the old-age care market, the establishment of more community nursing homes, and the improvement of the service evaluation system.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D669.6

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本文編號：1787254