盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛農(nóng)村留守兒童公共行動的現(xiàn)狀、問題及對策研究
本文選題:留守兒童 切入點:關(guān)愛行動 出處:《華中師范大學》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:兒童留守是當下中國農(nóng)村社會的普遍現(xiàn)象,兒童留守問題不僅對留守兒童的生理、心理及發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大影響,并且對中國社會未來發(fā)展產(chǎn)生嚴重的影響。留守兒童的問題的根本并不在“兒童”,而在于“留守”,兒童本身是無辜的。雖然“留守”問題需要在城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷發(fā)展中逐漸得到解決,是一個較長時間的過程,但這并不意-味著政府及社會對留守兒童問題便可以無所作為,政府和社會應(yīng)該發(fā)揮自身公共服務(wù)的職能,對留守兒童開展多類型、常態(tài)性的關(guān)愛行動。本文以盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛農(nóng)村留守兒童的公共行動為研究對象,著力聚焦于關(guān)愛行動存在的問題、原因及對策,致力于優(yōu)化盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛農(nóng)村留守兒童公共行動。筆者通過研讀文獻,從宏觀上把握我國農(nóng)村留守兒童問題以及關(guān)愛農(nóng)村留守兒童公共行動的情況,在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文運用質(zhì)性研究方法,通過對留守兒童、政府工作人員、學校老師、志愿者等關(guān)愛行動的主客體進行了深入的訪談。通過對第一和第二手資料的分析,對盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛留守兒童行動進行了較為全面和深入的研究。本文選取了新公共服務(wù)理論作為理論工具,新公共服務(wù)所重視的為公眾提供公共服務(wù)理念,以及強調(diào)政府在服務(wù)中既不是掌舵,也不是劃船,而是在多種服務(wù)主體之間作為一名協(xié)調(diào)者的理念,為筆者研究盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛農(nóng)村留守兒童公共行動的問題、原因及策提供了理論分析工具對盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛留守兒童行動存在問題的原因進行了細致分析,提出了相應(yīng)的對策建議。本文的結(jié)構(gòu)以現(xiàn)狀—問題—原因—對策為主線進行布局。認為盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛留守兒童行動在執(zhí)行方面存在政府主體缺位及志愿者隊伍缺乏組織性的問題,在具體的關(guān)愛行動中存在著主觀化、儀式化、項目化、短期化等問題。這些問題原因集中于對留守兒童問題缺乏足夠的清晰地認識,關(guān)愛行動組織不健全,關(guān)愛留守兒童行動缺乏長效運行機制等方面。因此其應(yīng)對策略也應(yīng)從這幾方面來進行。另外,本文認為關(guān)愛行動的優(yōu)化發(fā)展離不開一個有利的“環(huán)境”,因此本文認為應(yīng)該從法律、政策、輿論三方面構(gòu)建有利于關(guān)愛行動更好地開展的環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)。本文的創(chuàng)新點集中于研究方法的創(chuàng)新和理論視角創(chuàng)新兩方面。本文選用質(zhì)性研究方法,貼近基層,對關(guān)愛行動的主客體各方的切身感受有切身體會,以此為基礎(chǔ)來分析評價關(guān)愛行動的效果有著更為實際的意義。另外,本文以新公共服務(wù)理論為研究視角,從政府組織、社會力量、及政府與社會的關(guān)系三方面來審視盧鎮(zhèn)關(guān)愛留守兒童行動存在問題及優(yōu)化行動的對策,相較于以往研究只聚焦于政府的模式來說具有更廣闊的視角。
[Abstract]:Children left behind is a common phenomenon in Chinese rural society at present. The problem of children left behind not only has a great impact on the physiology, psychology and development of left-behind children, but also has a serious impact on the future development of Chinese society.The problem with left-behind children lies not in children, but in remaining children.Although the problem of "left-behind" needs to be solved gradually in the course of urbanization, it is a long process, but it does not mean that the government and society can do nothing about the problem of left-behind children.The government and society should give play to their own public service function and carry out various types of normal care and care for left-behind children.This paper focuses on the problems, causes and countermeasures of Luzhen's public action of caring for rural left-behind children, and focuses on the optimization of Luzhen's public action of caring for rural left-behind children.By reading the literature, the author grasps the problem of rural left-behind children and the situation of caring for rural left-behind children from the macro perspective. On this basis, this paper applies qualitative research methods, through the left-behind children, government staff,School teachers, volunteers and other caring actions of the subject and object of in-depth interviews.Based on the analysis of the first and second-hand data, the action of caring for children left behind in Luzhen is studied comprehensively and deeply.This article selects the new public service theory as the theoretical tool, the new public service pays attention to the public to provide the public service idea, and emphasizes the government in the service neither to take the helm, nor to row the boat.Instead, as a coordinator among various service subjects, the author studies the public action of caring for rural left-behind children in Luzhen.The causes and countermeasures provide a theoretical analysis tool for the causes of the problems in Luzhen's action of caring for left-behind children, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.The structure of this paper is based on the current situation-problem-reason-countermeasures.It is considered that there are some problems in Luzhen's action of caring for left-behind children, such as the absence of government main body and the lack of organization of volunteers, and the subjective, ritualized, project-oriented and short-term problems in the specific action of caring for children.The causes of these problems lie in the lack of a clear understanding of the problem of left-behind children, the unsound organization of caring actions, and the lack of long-term operational mechanism for the action of caring for left-behind children.Therefore, its coping strategies should also be carried out from these aspects.In addition, this paper holds that the optimal development of caring action can not be separated from a favorable "environment". Therefore, this paper holds that the environmental basis for the better development of caring action should be built from the three aspects of law, policy and public opinion.The innovation of this paper focuses on the innovation of research methods and the innovation of theoretical perspective.This paper chooses the qualitative research method, close to the grass roots, has the personal experience to the concern action each party's personal feeling, takes this as the foundation to analyze and evaluate the care action effect has the more practical significance.In addition, from the perspective of the new public service theory, this paper examines the problems existing in Luzhen's action of caring for left-behind children from three aspects: government organization, social force, and the relationship between government and society.It has a broader perspective than previous studies focused only on government models.
【學位授予單位】:華中師范大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:D669.5
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