本文選題：馮國璋　切入點：段祺瑞　出處：《南京社會科學(xué)》2017年05期

【摘要】：1918年春,皖系軍閥首領(lǐng)段祺瑞第三次出任國務(wù)總理,隨之與總統(tǒng)馮國璋發(fā)生沖突,引發(fā)新的"府院之爭"。在外交上,段祺瑞政府奉行親日政策,與日本進行秘密的軍事結(jié)盟活動。段祺瑞的親日政策旨在鞏固皖系軍閥的勢力,卻有損于中國的國家利益。馮國璋擔(dān)心皖系的強大會削弱直系的力量,故而他將段祺瑞政府正在進行的中日軍事結(jié)盟秘密談判"泄露"出去,立即引發(fā)學(xué)生界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的反日運動。此次反日運動表明,學(xué)生界已經(jīng)充分意識到日本是中國的"國家之?dāng)?。而段祺瑞政府則繼續(xù)奉行親日政策,與學(xué)生界的反日立場針鋒相對。此次反日運動雖然曇花一現(xiàn),卻為1919年爆發(fā)的"五四"運動在思想、組織和輿論上進行了良好的預(yù)備,堪稱五四運動的前奏。
[Abstract]:In the spring of 1918, Duan Qirui, the head of the Anhui warlord, was appointed premier for the third time, and then came into conflict with President Feng Guozhang, which led to a new "war between the government and the house." in foreign affairs, the Duan Qirui government pursued a pro-Japanese policy. A secret military alliance with Japan. Duan Qirui's pro-Japanese policy is aimed at consolidating the power of the warlords of the Anhui line, but it does harm to China's national interests. Feng Guozhang is worried that the strength of the Anhui line will weaken the strength of the straight line. As a result, he "leaked" the secret Sino-Japanese military alliance talks under way by Duan Qirui's government, which immediately triggered an anti-Japanese movement led by the student community. This anti-Japanese campaign shows that. The student community has fully realized that Japan is China's "enemy of the country." while the Duan Qirui government has continued to pursue a pro-Japan policy and is fighting tit-for-tat with the anti-Japanese stance of the student community. Although this anti-Japanese movement was a flash in the pan, However, the May 4th Movement, which broke out in 1919, was well prepared in ideology, organization and public opinion, and it was a prelude to the May 4th Movement.
【作者單位】： 復(fù)旦大學(xué)歷史系;
【基金】：國家社科基金項目“五四時期的反日運動研究”(13CZS026)的階段性成果
【分類號】：D829.313

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本文編號：1670731