發(fā)布時間：2018-03-03 14:37

  本文選題：以人為本　切入點：人民　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“中國政治語境中的‘以人為本’概念探析”目的是,在馬克主義人學(xué)理論的指導(dǎo)下,沿著中國歷史的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),從根本上回答“何謂‘本’和‘人’”、“以誰為本”以及“以何為本”三個理論問題。破解“以人為本”,也即“如何對待人,,這個價值論概念的核心在于,正確理順“人是什么”這個本體論問題。本文從“類屬性”和“民族屬性”兩個層面對“人”進(jìn)行解構(gòu),體現(xiàn)了人之內(nèi)涵的共性與個性。同時,圍繞“權(quán)力”和“權(quán)利”兩條主線,層層拆解作為中國政治語境中的“人”,其范疇之演變、價值之根本,實現(xiàn)了“以人為本”由理想到現(xiàn)實的回歸,這也是本文的創(chuàng)新之處�！昂沃^‘本’和‘人’”。從價值論層面考量“本”之內(nèi)涵,其主要分為三個層面：價值觀念層面,本者“根本”也；價值追求層面,本者“目的”也；價值實現(xiàn)層面,本者“主體”也�；卮稹昂沃^人”,主要以馬克思入學(xué)理論為邏輯起點,著重從人與自然、人與社會、人與人的關(guān)系中深刻挖掘“人”的本質(zhì)：人是“勞動”的人、“社會”的人、“歷史”的人、“個體”的人�！耙哉l為本”�！耙哉l為本”是對本之載體的追問。從傳統(tǒng)社會到當(dāng)代中國,“人”的內(nèi)涵主要經(jīng)歷了“君下民——人民——人”的歷史轉(zhuǎn)變,“以人為本”也實現(xiàn)了從“以君為本”到“以人民為本”、從“以人民為本”到“以人為本”的兩大歷史跨越。當(dāng)今中國,既要以“人民”這個群體為本,又要以構(gòu)成人民群體的“每個人”為本�！耙院螢楸尽��！耙院螢楸尽敝饕卮鹆恕耙匀说氖裁礊楸尽边@一問題。從理論與實踐兩個層面入手,本部分著重論述了要以人的“基本權(quán)利”為本,其可從三個關(guān)鍵詞來解讀：一是“權(quán)利”和“基本權(quán)利”�！皺�(quán)利”是合法化的需要,“基本權(quán)利”是由憲法予以保障的“絕大多數(shù)人”的合法需要；二是權(quán)利的“變遷邏輯”和“特點”。不同于西方,中國的“權(quán)利”主要歷經(jīng)了“生存權(quán)——公民權(quán)——人類權(quán)”的歷史變遷,并呈現(xiàn)出主體的普遍化、內(nèi)涵的包容性、集體視域下的權(quán)利觀和主權(quán)高于一切等特點；三是權(quán)利保障的“歷史成就”及“發(fā)展反思”。建國以來,我們看到了中國權(quán)利建設(shè)的輝煌畫卷,但日益凸顯出的矛盾也值得我們深思：加強(qiáng)對權(quán)利建設(shè)的物質(zhì)保障、生態(tài)保障、政策保障,是踐行以人為本的基本路徑�！耙匀藶楸尽奔�,國家及構(gòu)成“人民”群體的每個人,以維護(hù)正逐步向“人”過渡的“人民”的基本權(quán)利,作為正確處理人與自然、人與社會、人與人之間關(guān)系的出發(fā)點和落腳點。堅持以人為本,必須以“絕大多數(shù)”為主體,以“權(quán)利保障”為核心,以“公平正義”為重點,以“國際對話”為導(dǎo)向,逐步構(gòu)建具有中國特色的“以人為本”理論體系及保障體系。
[Abstract]:The purpose of "the concept of" people-oriented "in the Chinese political context is to follow the development of Chinese history under the guidance of the Marxist theory of humanism. Fundamentally answer three theoretical questions: "what is' Ben 'and' person'," 'who is based' and 'what is it'. The core of the axiological concept is to solve the problem of "putting people first", that is, how to treat people, that is, how to treat people. This paper deconstructs "man" from the two aspects of "class attribute" and "national attribute", which reflects the commonness and individuality of human connotation. According to the two main lines of "power" and "right", the evolution of the category and the fundamental value of the category of "human beings" in the Chinese political context have realized the return of "people-oriented" from ideal to reality. This is also the innovation of this paper. "what is' Ben 'and' person'." considering the connotation of "this" from the aspect of value theory, it is mainly divided into three levels: the level of value concept, the "fundamental" of this person, the level of value pursuit, the "purpose" of the original; At the level of value realization, the author's "subject" also answers "what is man", mainly taking Marx's theory of admission as the logical starting point, focusing on man and nature, man and society, Deeply excavate the essence of "man" in the relationship between people: man is the person of "labor", "society", "history", "individual". "who is the foundation". "who is the basis" is the question of the carrier of this. From the traditional society. To contemporary China, the connotation of "human" has mainly experienced the historical transformation of "the monarch under the people-the people-man", and the "people-oriented" has also realized from "taking the monarch as the basis" to "taking the people as the basis", from "taking the people as the basis" to "taking the people as the center". "the two major historical leaps... China today, We should not only take the "people" as the group, but also the "everyone" who constitutes the people's group. "what is the basis". "what is the basis" mainly answers the question of "what is the people". This part focuses on the "fundamental rights" of human beings. It can be interpreted from three key words: first, "right" and "basic right"; "right" is the need of legalization; "basic right" is the legitimate need of "the overwhelming majority" guaranteed by the Constitution; Second, the "logic of change" and "characteristics" of rights. Unlike in the West, the "rights" in China have mainly undergone the historical changes of "the right to life-citizenship-human rights", and have shown the generalization of the subject and the inclusiveness of the connotation. Third, the historical achievements and development reflections of the protection of rights. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, we have seen a brilliant picture of China's rights construction. However, the increasingly prominent contradictions are also worth pondering over: strengthening the material protection, ecological security and policy guarantee for the construction of rights is the basic way to practice people-oriented practice. "People-oriented" means the country and everyone who constitute the "people" group. In order to safeguard the basic rights of the "people", which are gradually transitioning to "man", as the starting point and foothold for correctly handling the relationship between man and nature, between man and society, and between human beings, and to adhere to the people-oriented principle, the "overwhelming majority" must be the main body, With "right guarantee" as the core, "fairness and justice" as the focus, and "international dialogue" as the guide, the theoretical system and security system of "people-oriented" with Chinese characteristics are gradually constructed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D61

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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本文編號：1561451