本文關(guān)鍵詞： 馬格里布 青年移民 融入 經(jīng)濟(jì) 文化 法國　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：到20世紀(jì)80年代,以穆斯林為主體的馬格里布移民已成為進(jìn)入法國的最大移民族群,而上世紀(jì)末一系列由馬格里布青年后裔中少數(shù)激進(jìn)分子主導(dǎo)的騷亂、恐怖事件引起了法國社會的動蕩與恐慌,也讓馬格里布青年移民群體的融入問題成為了法國社會的焦點。制約馬格里布青年移民融入問題的因素多種多樣,經(jīng)濟(jì)融入和文化融入是兩個最主要因素。在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域,馬格里布移民家庭子女深受失業(yè)率高、就業(yè)歧視嚴(yán)重、街區(qū)貧困化加劇等問題的困擾,這些經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的弱勢逐漸積累,使青年馬格里布移民后裔和其他同齡人之間在經(jīng)濟(jì)地位方面的差距逐漸拉大,無法上升到更高的社會階層,由此形成一種固化的經(jīng)濟(jì)等級。邊緣化的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)地位促使青年人更靠近他們所在的穆斯林社群,追求更“純正”的伊斯蘭運(yùn)動。在文化領(lǐng)域,法國從大革命時代就一直堅持以“世俗化”、“平等”為代表的共和模式,在教育、公共文化領(lǐng)域推行一系列文化融合政策,促使移民完全融入法國主流文化。但是,法國政府激進(jìn)的世俗文化政策不但沒有產(chǎn)生團(tuán)結(jié),反而孕育了文化群體之間的分化,導(dǎo)致青年馬格里布移民后裔更加堅定自身的宗教認(rèn)同。近年來,法國政府為了加強(qiáng)對馬格里布移民群體的管理和對話,建立了國家性的宗教社團(tuán),但社團(tuán)的封閉性和分散性為管理帶來了很大障礙,敵視、歧視、經(jīng)濟(jì)文化地位低下等馬格里布青年移民群體的利益關(guān)切問題依然不能解決。本文將馬格里布青年的融合問題作為研究主題,從經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化兩個方面重點分析制約馬格里布青年移民融入的障礙。并以“多元文化主義”“權(quán)力殖民模式”理論作為研究的基礎(chǔ)提出問題的解決思路。歷史上,馬格里布國家的移民對法國經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會文化發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn),研究青年馬格里布在法國社會的融入問題有助于改善少數(shù)族群與主流社會的關(guān)系,為解決少數(shù)群體的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會方面的邊緣化地位提供解決借鑒。
[Abstract]:By 1980s, Muslim-dominated Maghreb immigrants had become the largest immigrant group to enter France, and in late 0th century a series of riots dominated by a small number of radical descendants of young Maghreb descendants. The terrorist incident has caused unrest and panic in French society, and has also made the integration of the young immigrants in the Maghreb a focus of French society. There are many factors that restrict the integration of young immigrants from the Maghreb. Economic integration and cultural integration are the two most important factors. In the economic field, the children of Maghreb immigrant families are beset by problems such as high unemployment, serious discrimination in employment, increasing poverty in neighborhoods, and these economic weaknesses are gradually accumulating. Making the gap in economic status between the descendants of young Maghreb immigrants and other peers widening and preventing them from rising to a higher social class, This creates a fixed economic hierarchy. Marginalized socio-economic status encourages young people to move closer to their Muslim community and pursue a more "pure" Islamic movement... in the cultural sphere, France has been adhering to the Republican model of "secularization" and "equality" since the Great Revolution. It has pursued a series of cultural integration policies in the field of education and public culture, which has encouraged immigrants to fully integrate into the mainstream French culture. The radical secular cultural policy of the French government, instead of creating unity, has bred divisions among cultural groups, leading young Maghreb immigrant descendants to strengthen their religious identity. The French Government, in order to strengthen its management and dialogue with the immigrant community in the Maghreb, has established a national religious community, but its closeness and fragmentation have created great obstacles to governance, hostility and discrimination, The interest concerns of the Maghreb youth immigrant group, such as the low economic and cultural status, still cannot be solved. This paper takes the integration of the Maghreb youth as the research topic, from the perspective of the economy, The two aspects of culture mainly analyze the obstacles that restrict the integration of young immigrants in Maghreb, and take the theory of "multiculturalism" and "power colonization" as the basis of the study. The immigrants from the Maghreb countries have made great contributions to the economic, social and cultural development of France, and the study of the integration of young people in French society has helped to improve the relations between minorities and the mainstream society, To provide solutions to the economic and social marginalization of minorities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D856.5

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