本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中國共產(chǎn)黨 政黨外交 歷程 歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：政黨外交從屬于國家總體外交,涵括于國家的總體戰(zhàn)略布局中,旨在促進(jìn)國家關(guān)系,增進(jìn)國與國之間的合作與交往,為國內(nèi)發(fā)展?fàn)I造良好的外部條件。中國共產(chǎn)黨自成立起便與黨外發(fā)生交往關(guān)系,建國后中共成為執(zhí)政黨,尤其注重與國外各類政黨進(jìn)行政黨外交。改革開放以來,中國共產(chǎn)黨的政黨外交更是取得了較大的發(fā)展,成果頗豐。論文旨在探討改革開放以來中國共產(chǎn)黨開展政黨外交的歷史進(jìn)程,并嘗試總結(jié)和歸納其歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)。論文先對(duì)政黨外交的一般理論進(jìn)行探討,認(rèn)為政黨外交是指在國家總外交的政策指導(dǎo)下的,以維護(hù)政黨和國家利益、促進(jìn)黨際關(guān)系和國家關(guān)系為目的,以談判、磋商、合作等和平交往方式與國外合法政黨、政黨聯(lián)盟及其他的政治團(tuán)體進(jìn)行聯(lián)系和交往的政治行為。政黨外交與黨際關(guān)系和政府外交是相互區(qū)別又相互聯(lián)系的,它們的內(nèi)涵、行為主體、交往形式等方面具有各自的特性。在分析政黨外交產(chǎn)生的原因和影響因素問題上,認(rèn)為政黨自身交往需要、全球建黨浪潮的興起和國家間相互依賴度加深是政黨外交產(chǎn)生的主要原因;從宏觀角度分析政黨外交的主要幾個(gè)影響因素,政黨利益和國家利益是外交的決定性因素,國家的綜合實(shí)力因素是政黨制定戰(zhàn)略政策的根本依據(jù),政黨的自身實(shí)力是影響政黨外交的重要因素,國家發(fā)展形勢(shì)是影響政黨外交的主要外部因素。改革開放后的中共的政黨外交理論繼承和發(fā)展了馬克思、恩格斯、列寧關(guān)于處理黨際交往關(guān)系的理論和毛澤東等第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體的政黨外交的理論,這些理論為改革開放后中共開展政黨外交提供理論依據(jù)。馬克思、恩格斯和列寧關(guān)于無產(chǎn)階級(jí)的國際聯(lián)合的必要性的論述和如何處理政黨之間的關(guān)系的思想都是值得借鑒和發(fā)展的,中共第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體根據(jù)中國國情,認(rèn)為中共的政黨外交應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主原則,政黨之間應(yīng)該平等交往,意識(shí)形態(tài)不應(yīng)成為政黨外交的障礙。在理清中共政黨外交的理論依據(jù)后,對(duì)中共在改革開放以來開展的政黨外交發(fā)展歷程進(jìn)行梳理,根據(jù)中共歷次重要的會(huì)議作為其政黨外交的發(fā)展變化作為劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),總共劃分了六個(gè)發(fā)展階段:第一階段是1978年至1982年,該階段主要闡述中共對(duì)中聯(lián)部的調(diào)整及中共政黨外交在此期間如何進(jìn)行調(diào)整;第二階段是1983年至1988年,此階段主要闡述中共如何開始政黨外交的探索并取得初步發(fā)展成效的;第三階段為1989年至1991年,主要論述中共在1989年“政治風(fēng)波”后的政黨外交如何打破封鎖與制裁并取得政黨外交工作的恢復(fù)與發(fā)展;第四階段為1992年至2001年,主要闡述中共政黨外交在以江澤民為核心的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體對(duì)政黨外交的探索與發(fā)展,由于前期的發(fā)展積淀,此階段的中共政黨外交呈現(xiàn)出“井噴式”發(fā)展;第五階段為2002年至2011年,該階段主要闡述以胡錦濤為主的新一屆中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體對(duì)于政黨外交的全面推進(jìn),豐富了政黨外交的方式,在政黨外交內(nèi)容中更加注重務(wù)實(shí)性,注重注入經(jīng)濟(jì)因素促進(jìn)與國際社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與交往,注重治黨治國經(jīng)驗(yàn)的交流,積極圍繞全球熱點(diǎn)問題參與國際政治,并開始探索政黨外交的機(jī)制化發(fā)展;第六階段為2012年至今,此階段在“四個(gè)全面”的戰(zhàn)略布局下,突出政黨外交的全面深化發(fā)展,繼續(xù)推進(jìn)政黨外交的機(jī)制化發(fā)展,更明確政黨外交的定位,以促進(jìn)國家關(guān)系的發(fā)展,為實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興服務(wù)。在梳理改革開放以來中共政黨外交的發(fā)展歷程的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)和歸納其歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn),認(rèn)為中共政黨外交必須要以科學(xué)的理論作為指導(dǎo),不斷在實(shí)踐中促進(jìn)中共政黨外交理論的創(chuàng)新,構(gòu)建和完善中共的政黨外交理論體系,應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確的把握國內(nèi)國際局勢(shì),明確其推進(jìn)國家關(guān)系和服務(wù)于“中國夢(mèng)”的目標(biāo),在政黨外交過程中堅(jiān)持鄧小平的黨際關(guān)系四項(xiàng)原則,并在實(shí)踐當(dāng)中不斷豐富其內(nèi)涵。我們應(yīng)充分吸收這些寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn),為將來的政黨外交實(shí)踐提供支持。
[Abstract]:Party diplomacy belongs to the nation overall diplomacy, overall strategic layout included in the country, aimed at promoting relations between countries, promote cooperation between countries and exchanges and create a favorable external conditions for domestic development. China established since the Communist Party and non party relationship, after the founding of the CPC became the ruling party, especially for party diplomacy and foreign political parties. Since the reform and opening up, the Communist Party diplomacy is China has made great progress and fruitful. This paper aims to explore the Communist Party since the reform and opening up Chinese historical process of party diplomacy, and try to summarize and summarize the historical experience of the first. The general theory of party diplomacy, that party diplomacy is in the national total foreign policy under the guidance of the party and to safeguard national interests, promote inter party relations and relations between countries for the purpose of the negotiations, Consultation, cooperation and other means peaceful relations with foreign political parties, political parties and other political alliance behavior groups of contacts and exchanges. Party diplomacy and international relations and foreign governments are different and interrelated, their connotation, behavior, has its own characteristics of communication form and other aspects. In the analysis of factors the causes and effects of the party diplomacy, that party's communication needs, and the rise of national global wave of mutual dependence on the deepening is the main reason for the political party diplomacy produced; the main factors of several political party diplomacy influence from a macro perspective, the interests of the parties and the national interest is the decisive factor of diplomacy, the factors of national comprehensive strength is the fundamental basis for the party to establish strategic policies of the party's own strength is an important factor affecting the party diplomacy, national development situation is the impact of political party diplomacy The main external factors. After the reform and opening up of the CPC's political party diplomacy theory of the inheritance and development of Marx, Engels, Lenin's theory on the relationship between inter party exchanges and Mao Zedong and other first generation of the collective leadership of the party diplomacy theory, the theory for the reform and opening up the development of Party Diplomacy and provide a theoretical basis. Marx, Engels and Lenin discussed the necessary international joint on the proletariat and how to deal with the relationship between political thought is worth learning and development, China's first generation of collective leadership China according to national conditions, believed that the Chinese Communist Party diplomacy should adhere to the principle of independent, equal exchanges between political parties should, should not become the ideology of political party diplomacy. In the theoretical basis to clarify the obstacles the diplomacy of political party of the Communist Party of China, since the reform and opening up the party diplomacy development process of carding, root According to the previous important meeting as the development and change of political party diplomacy as the division standard, divided into six stages: the first stage is from 1978 to 1982, the adjustment of the international stage mainly expounds the CPC and CPC Party Diplomacy in this period to adjust; the second stage is from 1983 to 1988, this stage is mainly on the how to begin to explore the political party diplomacy and made preliminary achievements; the third stage is from 1989 to 1991, mainly discusses the Communist Party Diplomacy in 1989 "political storm" after how to break the blockade and sanctions and achieve recovery and development of the party diplomacy; the fourth stage is from 1992 to 2001, mainly elaborates the exploration and development of political party diplomacy the Chinese Communist Party's diplomacy in collective leadership with Jiang Zemin at the core, due to the development of early accumulation, the Chinese Communist Party's diplomacy in this stage show 鈥滀簳鍠峰紡鈥濆彂灞，

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