本文關(guān)鍵詞： 山區(qū) 農(nóng)村空巢老人 養(yǎng)老保障 養(yǎng)老模式　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文基于當(dāng)前我國(guó)老齡化、空巢化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,空巢老人的養(yǎng)老問題尤其是山區(qū)農(nóng)村空巢老人的養(yǎng)老保障問題日益緊迫的大背景,選取了四川省仁壽縣天峨鄉(xiāng)為實(shí)際調(diào)研地點(diǎn),同時(shí)借鑒參考現(xiàn)有的針對(duì)四川省山區(qū)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)、交通、醫(yī)療等相關(guān)研究成果,探索建立四川省山區(qū)農(nóng)村空巢老人的養(yǎng)老模式。通過訪談法、觀察法等實(shí)地調(diào)研了天峨鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)村空巢老人的生活現(xiàn)狀,發(fā)現(xiàn)天峨鄉(xiāng)及四川省山區(qū)農(nóng)村空巢老人存在著經(jīng)濟(jì)保障少、生活困難,缺乏照料、患病率高,醫(yī)療保障低、精神孤寂,缺乏慰藉、交通不便,出行困難的養(yǎng)老問題。并深入剖析了其背后的深層次原因,發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致山區(qū)農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老問題的根本原因是特殊的地理環(huán)境,包括山區(qū)農(nóng)村存在山地、丘陵、高原等復(fù)雜多變的地形和遠(yuǎn)離中心城市的區(qū)位劣勢(shì),因此要解決山區(qū)農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老問題的關(guān)鍵在于攻克山區(qū)農(nóng)村特殊地理環(huán)境的難題。研究了社會(huì)保障相關(guān)理論：社會(huì)交換理論、公共產(chǎn)品理論、社會(huì)支持理論和福利多元主義理論,認(rèn)為在農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老資源的供給上,家庭、國(guó)家、社區(qū)和社會(huì)都應(yīng)該承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。比較分析了國(guó)內(nèi)內(nèi)蒙古化德縣和陜西省彬縣的養(yǎng)老模式,發(fā)現(xiàn)其共同的成功之處在于,把部分分散的老人集中起來,集中入住互助幸福院,有效解決了地方經(jīng)濟(jì)落后和老人們分散居住、供養(yǎng)難度大的問題,但也都存在一定的不足。為此,山區(qū)農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老模式的探索必須立足于山區(qū)農(nóng)村特殊的地理環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ),以及農(nóng)村空巢老人居住分散的難點(diǎn)問題,既要滿足不同農(nóng)村空巢老人的養(yǎng)老需求,又要控制經(jīng)濟(jì)成本。在以上實(shí)證研究、理論研究和比較研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了多元化集中互助養(yǎng)老模式,即針對(duì)不同老年群體,實(shí)現(xiàn)不同程度的多元化的集中或相對(duì)集中供養(yǎng),老人們相互之間有效地展開互幫互助,共同實(shí)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)老需求。并對(duì)該模式進(jìn)行了具體闡述。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the current aging in China, the phenomenon of empty nests is serious, the pension problem of empty-nest elderly, especially in rural areas in mountainous areas, the pension security problem is increasingly urgent. Selecting Tiane Township of Renshou County, Sichuan Province as the actual research site, and referring to the existing rural economy, transportation, medical treatment and other related research results in mountainous areas of Sichuan Province. To explore the establishment of the pension model of rural empty-nest elderly in mountainous areas of Sichuan Province. Through interviews, observation method and other field investigation of the rural empty nest elderly living situation in TianExiang. It was found that there were less economic security, less living difficulties, lack of care, high prevalence rate, low medical security, mental solitude, lack of solace and inconvenience of transportation among the empty nest elderly in Tiane Township and the mountainous area of Sichuan Province. Travel difficult pension problem. And in-depth analysis of its underlying causes, found that the basic cause of pension problems in rural areas empty nest is a special geographical environment, including mountain rural areas exist mountains, hills. Plateau and other complex and changeable terrain and away from the central city location disadvantage. Therefore, the key to solve the problem of providing for the aged in rural empty nests in mountainous areas is to solve the problem of special geographical environment in rural areas. The relevant theories of social security are studied: social exchange theory, public goods theory. Social support theory and welfare pluralism theory, in the rural endowment resources supply, the family, the state. The community and society should bear the corresponding responsibilities. This paper compares and analyzes the pension model of Huade County in Inner Mongolia and Binxian County in Shaanxi Province, and finds that the common success of this model lies in the concentration of some scattered old people. Centralized admission to mutual help happiness home, effectively solve the local economic backwardness and the elderly scattered living, difficult to provide for the problem, but also there are certain deficiencies. For this reason. The exploration of rural empty-nest old-age pension model in mountainous areas must be based on the special geographical environment and economic base of rural areas and the difficult problems of rural empty-nest elderly people living scattered in rural areas. Not only to meet the pension needs of different rural empty-nest elderly, but also to control economic costs. On the basis of the above empirical research, theoretical research and comparative research, this paper puts forward a diversified centralized mutual pension model. That is, for different groups of the elderly, to achieve different degrees of diversification of centralized or relatively centralized support, the elderly effectively help each other to meet the needs of the aged, and this model is elaborated in detail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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