本文選題：核電發(fā)展 + 核倫理　； 參考：《南華大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)核電經(jīng)歷了近半個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展,已經(jīng)成為國(guó)家能源發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略選擇,為實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興“中國(guó)夢(mèng)”注入了強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)力。然而,我國(guó)核電發(fā)展仍存在諸多現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題:一是核電的優(yōu)勢(shì)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并存。核電在給人類帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)利益時(shí),也產(chǎn)生了一定的安全、生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),從而引發(fā)了社會(huì)各界對(duì)核電的廣泛爭(zhēng)議,發(fā)展核電很難形成社會(huì)共識(shí);二是發(fā)展的公平與正義沖突。隨著內(nèi)陸核電的呼聲越來(lái)越高,在核電選址、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局等問(wèn)題上如何做到公平正義,事關(guān)核電發(fā)展全局;三是公眾的認(rèn)知與參與缺位。人民群眾對(duì)核電缺乏應(yīng)有的認(rèn)知,在核電立項(xiàng)、建設(shè)、運(yùn)行和退役等各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的參與度不高,加之公眾對(duì)核電普遍存在“刻板印象”,導(dǎo)致社會(huì)“反核”情緒高漲。這些問(wèn)題如果得不到及時(shí)、有效的解決,不僅會(huì)嚴(yán)重制約我國(guó)核電的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,還將成為影響社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)建設(shè)的不穩(wěn)定因素。本文通過(guò)回顧世界核電發(fā)展和我國(guó)核電發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,在國(guó)內(nèi)外專家、學(xué)者的核倫理學(xué)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步闡述了我國(guó)核電發(fā)展的三大倫理原則:一是安全第一原則;二是理性發(fā)展原則;三是公平正義原則。注重理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合,以期為我國(guó)核電發(fā)展提供指導(dǎo)性的倫理道德規(guī)范。本文從我國(guó)核電發(fā)展的價(jià)值難題、道德困境出發(fā),嘗試行地探索了核電發(fā)展的倫理路徑。一是以“幸�！睘橹�,匡正核價(jià)值觀。從核倫理學(xué)的目的性價(jià)值——“共同幸福”出發(fā),用倫理價(jià)值的向度,對(duì)核電發(fā)展的目標(biāo)、手段和結(jié)果進(jìn)行和目的性的批判和引導(dǎo);二是以“理性”為綱,落實(shí)核安全觀。解讀以“四個(gè)并重”為核心的中國(guó)核安全觀,剖析其蘊(yùn)含的辯證思維、民本思維和國(guó)際思維,進(jìn)而指導(dǎo)我國(guó)核電有序健康發(fā)展;三是以“人民”為本,強(qiáng)化核安全觀。以“人民主體論”思想為指引,提出了“普及核情核理”“匯聚民意民智”兩方面的實(shí)踐。
[Abstract]:Nuclear power in China has experienced nearly half a century of development and has become an important strategic choice for the development of national energy. It has injected powerful impetus into the realization of the goal of "two hundred years" and the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, "Chinese Dream". However, there are still many practical problems in the development of nuclear power in China: first, the advantages and risks of nuclear power coexist. When nuclear power brings economic and social benefits to human beings, it also produces certain safety and ecological risks, which leads to widespread controversy about nuclear power in all walks of life, and it is difficult to form a social consensus on the development of nuclear power; second, it is the conflict between fairness and justice in the development of nuclear power. With the growing voice of inland nuclear power, how to achieve fairness and justice in nuclear power location, industrial layout and other issues is related to the overall situation of nuclear power development; third, the lack of public awareness and participation. The people's lack of proper understanding of nuclear power and their low participation in the establishment, construction, operation and retirement of nuclear power, and the widespread "stereotype" of nuclear power among the public have led to the upsurge of social "anti-nuclear" sentiment. If these problems are not solved in a timely and effective manner, they will not only seriously restrict the sustainable development of nuclear power in China, but also become an unstable factor affecting the construction of a harmonious socialist society. This paper reviews the development of nuclear power in the world and the current situation of nuclear power development in China. Based on the research results of nuclear ethics of experts and scholars at home and abroad, this paper further expounds the three ethical principles of nuclear power development in China: first, the principle of safety first; The second is the principle of rational development and the third is the principle of fairness and justice. Focus on the combination of theory and practice in order to provide guiding ethical norms for the development of nuclear power in China. Starting from the value problem and moral dilemma of nuclear power development in China, this paper tries to explore the ethical path of nuclear power development. First, to "happiness" for the purpose of rectifying nuclear values. Starting from the purposive value of nuclear ethics, "Common Happiness", the author criticizes and guides the goal, means and result of nuclear power development with the direction of ethical value, and implements the concept of nuclear safety on the basis of "rationality". In order to guide the orderly and healthy development of nuclear power in China, the author interprets China's nuclear safety concept with "four equal emphasis" as the core, analyzes its dialectical thinking, people-oriented thinking and international thinking, and strengthens the nuclear safety view based on "people". Guided by the thought of "people's subject theory", this paper puts forward the practice of "popularizing nuclear situation and reasoning" and "gathering public opinion and wisdom".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B82-05

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