本文選題：20世紀(jì)80年代 + 人道主義思潮��； 參考：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：本文通過對(duì)人道主義思想發(fā)展進(jìn)程的梳理和闡述,嘗試解析人道主義在西方和中國的存在、發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)、生成邏輯以及基本觀點(diǎn)。就西方來說,從古希臘、古羅馬的萌芽狀態(tài)到流行于歐洲各國的文藝復(fù)興、啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)、空想社會(huì)主義、人本主義諸階段,人道主義的內(nèi)涵外延不斷豐富積累、發(fā)展演變,最終成為較成熟的體系化理論。這個(gè)進(jìn)程展示出人道主義思潮在西方發(fā)展的歷史性、動(dòng)態(tài)性、多源性、民族性和地域性特征,揭示了其在西方(主要是歐洲)各國不同歷史時(shí)期逐漸積累組合而成的生長事實(shí)。同樣,中國傳統(tǒng)人道主義思想的發(fā)展過程也呈現(xiàn)出類似的樣態(tài)。當(dāng)然,中國傳統(tǒng)人道主義的發(fā)展成長具有較明顯的連續(xù)性和單一源頭(主要是歷代中國先哲的思想)的特征,其成長也是一個(gè)歷史的積累過程,也具有動(dòng)態(tài)性、民族性、地域性特征。在內(nèi)涵和外延上,西方與中國的人道主義精神相比較存在著唯心主義和唯物主義、個(gè)人主義和集體主義等側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的分歧,也有強(qiáng)調(diào)人性和人的價(jià)值、尊重人的價(jià)值、高揚(yáng)人的地位、反對(duì)神性等方面的共同性。本文在對(duì)西方和中國人道主義思潮發(fā)展過程的比較闡述中,得出了作為人類主要文明組成的西方和中國的人道主義雙線發(fā)展、共同構(gòu)建人類人道主義的結(jié)論,進(jìn)而提出了廣義上的人道主義思考維度,明確了我國人道主義思想的價(jià)值和意義。在以上基本理論觀點(diǎn)和視域下,本文在分析20世紀(jì)80年代中國人道主義思潮的過程中,對(duì)這一思潮發(fā)生發(fā)展的起因、影響因素、背景做了敘述和分析,展現(xiàn)了中國人道主義思潮發(fā)生的國際環(huán)境,明晰了其在國際格局下的位置和形態(tài)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文對(duì)中國人道主義思潮發(fā)生發(fā)展的內(nèi)部環(huán)境和發(fā)展過程進(jìn)行了梳理并予以研判,同時(shí)也對(duì)這場爭論的積極影響和成果,爭論的特點(diǎn)和局限性做了探討和評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)爭論中有關(guān)馬克思主義和人道主義的關(guān)系、異化問題、人道主義的內(nèi)涵和外延、普遍的人性與階級(jí)性等問題的爭論情況進(jìn)行了厘清。本文認(rèn)為,這場思潮促成了中國學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域探索的理論自覺,開辟了中國學(xué)術(shù)研究新領(lǐng)域,具有引發(fā)我國社會(huì)思想解放和推動(dòng)社會(huì)主義人道主義、主體性、人學(xué)乃至以人為本理念等新理論增長點(diǎn)的生發(fā)和超越人道主義理論框架的積極意義和理論價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to analyze the existence, development state, generative logic and basic viewpoints of humanitarianism in the West and China by combing and expounding the course of the development of humanitarianism thought. As far as the West is concerned, from the budding state of ancient Greece and Rome to the stages of Renaissance, Enlightenment, utopian socialism and humanism, the connotation and extension of humanitarianism has been continuously enriched and accumulated and developed and evolved. Finally, it becomes a more mature theory of systematization. This process shows the historical, dynamic, multi-source, national and regional characteristics of the development of humanitarianism in the West, and reveals the growing facts of its gradual accumulation and combination in different historical periods in the West (mainly in Europe). Similarly, the development process of Chinese traditional humanitarianism thought also presents the similar appearance. Of course, the development and growth of Chinese traditional humanitarianism has the characteristics of obvious continuity and single source (mainly the thought of ancient Chinese sages), and its growth is also a historical accumulation process, and also has a dynamic and national character. Regional characteristics In terms of connotation and extension, there are differences between the western and Chinese humanitarianism spirit with different emphases, such as idealism and materialism, individualism and collectivism, and there are also differences that emphasize human nature and human value and respect human values. Raise the status of people, oppose divinity and other aspects of the commonality. In this paper, the author compares the development process of humanitarianism in the West and China, and draws the conclusion that the humanitarianism of the West and China, which is the main component of human civilization, is developed along the two lines, and the humanitarianism is constructed together. Then it puts forward the dimension of humanitarianism thinking in a broad sense, and clarifies the value and significance of the humanitarianism thought in our country. On the basis of the above basic theories and perspectives, this paper, in the course of analyzing the trend of Chinese humanitarianism in the 1980s, narrates and analyses the causes, influencing factors and background of the development of this trend of thought. It shows the international environment of Chinese humanitarianism, and clarifies its position and form under the international structure. On this basis, this paper combs and judges the internal environment and development process of the development of Chinese humanitarianism, at the same time discusses and evaluates the positive influence and achievements, the characteristics and limitations of the controversy. This paper clarifies the controversy about the relationship between Marxism and humanitarianism, alienation, the connotation and extension of humanitarianism, the universal humanity and class nature. This article holds that this trend of thought has promoted the theoretical consciousness of the exploration of the academic field in China, opened up a new field of academic research in China, and has initiated the emancipation of our social ideology and the promotion of socialist humanitarianism and subjectivity. The positive significance and theoretical value of the new theoretical growth point of humanism and beyond the framework of humanitarianism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B82-061
，

本文編號(hào)：1789653