發(fā)布時間：2018-01-08 04:09

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：儒家與耶教性論思想之會通與交涉——基于四因說的考察　出處：《湖北大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版)》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 儒家 耶教 人性 靈魂 四因說

【摘要】：理學(xué)集大成者朱熹以性氣二元論統(tǒng)合了儒家的人性論,并以之解釋了萬物的性質(zhì)構(gòu)成。明末清初入華的耶穌會士出于傳教的需要,依據(jù)論述萬物生成、構(gòu)造及目的的四因說,用天主取代天理,把理學(xué)中天賦之性與耶教中天主賦予之魂會通起來,將儒家性論納入四因說的框架中。這雖然不能從根本上消除耶儒思想的分歧,但卻揭示了它們在思想結(jié)構(gòu)上的某種共通性。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看,理學(xué)中的天理道體相當(dāng)于動力因,性(理)相當(dāng)于形式因,氣相當(dāng)于質(zhì)料因,天人合一相當(dāng)于目的因。通過具體分析儒家與耶教性論思想間的交涉,可以看到:在動力因上,耶教把儒家的天理降格為依附于實體的屬性;在形式因上,耶教基于天主賦性說反駁儒家的"性即理"與"魂屬氣"說;在質(zhì)料因上,耶教采納漢唐儒學(xué)的太極元氣說把太極視為無靈覺無生機的元質(zhì);在目的因上,耶教基于天主賦性與靈魂救贖論駁斥儒家萬物一體、天人合一論。耶教的立場和觀點不一定能為我們所接受,但有助于中西思想的比較與會通。
[Abstract]:Zhu Xi, the epitomist of Neo-Confucianism, integrated the Confucian theory of human nature with the dualism of sex and Qi, and explained the nature of everything. The Jesuits who came to China in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, for the need of missionary, discussed the generation of all things. The four causes of construction and purpose, the use of God in place of God, the natural nature of the Neo-Confucianism and the spirit of God in the Church of God to link up. Although it can not fundamentally eliminate the differences of the thought of Yeru and Confucianism, it reveals a certain commonality in the structure of their thinking, and from the structural point of view, the Confucian theory of sex is brought into the framework of the theory of four causes. In Neo-Confucianism, the nature of Taoism is the motive force, the nature is the form, the qi is the material and the nature is the aim. It can be seen that: in the motive force, the Christian Church reduced the Confucian nature to the attribute of the entity; On the basis of the theory of God's nature, the Christian Church refutes the Confucian theories of "nature is reason" and "soul belongs to Qi". In the material reason, the religious religion adopted the Taiji Yuan Qi theory of Confucianism in Han and Tang dynasties, and regarded Taiji as the meta-quality with no spiritual sense and no vitality. On the cause of purpose, on the basis of the theory of God's nature and soul salvation, the Christian Church refutes the Confucian theory of unity of all things and the unity of nature and man. The standpoint and viewpoint of Christianity may not be accepted by us, but it is helpful to the comparison and understanding of Chinese and Western thoughts.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)哲學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部人文社會科學(xué)重點研究基地重大資助項目:16JJD720014 孔學(xué)堂課題招標研究資助項目:kxtyb201602
【分類號】：B244;B82-061
【正文快照】： 性是一事物區(qū)別于它事物的本質(zhì)特征,是事物因其構(gòu)成所具有的性質(zhì)與能力。中國古代性論主要涉及人性的來源、本質(zhì)及其與物性的區(qū)別等方面的問題。其中人性論作為儒家思想的中心課題,溝通天道與人道,論證天賦本性及其現(xiàn)實表現(xiàn)之間的關(guān)系是其重心。宋代之前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了性無善惡說(

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