本文選題：廢棄家電 + 回收處理產(chǎn)業(yè)��； 參考：《生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)》2016年06期

【摘要】：中國(guó)廢棄家電回收處理產(chǎn)業(yè)是固體廢物處理行業(yè)的一個(gè)細(xì)分領(lǐng)域。近二十年來(lái),該產(chǎn)業(yè)逐漸形成了一個(gè)大規(guī)模的自發(fā)性市場(chǎng);由于歷史發(fā)展及社會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)的滯后,目前該產(chǎn)業(yè)已成為高度污染產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。近些年來(lái)產(chǎn)業(yè)的市場(chǎng)負(fù)面效應(yīng)獲得廣泛關(guān)注,政府密集出臺(tái)了若干法律法規(guī),采取了一些管理措施,但管控效果不彰,環(huán)境健康損害依舊嚴(yán)重。文章分析了中國(guó)廢棄家電回收處理產(chǎn)業(yè)的特點(diǎn),基于此提出政府改善產(chǎn)業(yè)管理效果的三方面策略:首先,調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)管理重心策略。將以往政府主要關(guān)注下游處理企業(yè),調(diào)整為重視市場(chǎng)上游貨流可控回收渠道的建設(shè);其次,改進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展扶持方式策略。重點(diǎn)直接扶持市場(chǎng)上游的回收商,努力控制住廢棄家電貨流去向。政府采取間接的市場(chǎng)手段來(lái)扶助下游合規(guī)處理企業(yè)發(fā)展;最后,綜合治理策略。對(duì)于目前市場(chǎng)處理環(huán)節(jié)的小、散、亂局面,需開(kāi)展全方位綜合治理。
[Abstract]:The recycling and disposal industry of waste household appliances in China is a subdivision of solid waste treatment industry. In the past two decades, the industry has gradually formed a large-scale spontaneous market, which has become one of the highly polluting industries due to the lag of historical development and social understanding. In recent years, the market negative effect of industry has been paid more and more attention. The government has introduced a number of laws and regulations, adopted some management measures, but the control effect is not obvious, the environmental health damage is still serious. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the recycling and disposal industry of abandoned household appliances in China, this paper puts forward three strategies for the government to improve the effect of industrial management: first, adjust the strategy of the center of gravity of industrial management. The former government mainly pays attention to downstream processing enterprises and adjusts to the construction of controllable recovery channels for upstream cargo flow. Secondly, it improves the strategy of supporting industrial development. Focus on direct support of upstream market recyclers, efforts to control the flow of abandoned home appliances. The government adopts indirect market measures to assist downstream compliance enterprises; finally, comprehensive management strategy. For the current market processing links small, scattered, chaotic situation, need to carry out all-round comprehensive management.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究院;清華大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院;北京大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：中央級(jí)公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目“城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究”(512016Y-4496) 港澳臺(tái)科技合作專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目“典型電子廢物處理處置技術(shù)合作研究”(2014DFM90170)
【分類號(hào)】：F426.6;F713.2

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