本文選題：檢驗(yàn)檢疫　切入點(diǎn)：進(jìn)口機(jī)電　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：多年來,出入境檢驗(yàn)檢疫機(jī)構(gòu)依法對(duì)進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品實(shí)施檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管,有力維護(hù)了我國人民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,有效促進(jìn)了我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展。我國入世后,隨著機(jī)電產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口量的不斷增長,檢驗(yàn)檢疫部門傳統(tǒng)的進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品批批檢驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ揭褵o法滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要,逐漸呈現(xiàn)出工作量大、檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管效率低等弊端。因此,出入境檢驗(yàn)檢疫部門亟需一個(gè)更為科學(xué)有效的進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管模式來取代傳統(tǒng)的檢驗(yàn)檢疫模式。目前,世界上主要發(fā)達(dá)國家都建立了相對(duì)健全的機(jī)電產(chǎn)品風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估技術(shù)支持體系和監(jiān)管體系。本文借鑒國內(nèi)外運(yùn)用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估技術(shù)進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的成熟經(jīng)驗(yàn),將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理技術(shù)融入到進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品的檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管中,建立一個(gè)全新的檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管體系,旨在有效利用檢驗(yàn)檢疫資源、提高檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管工作效率,徹底解決傳統(tǒng)批批檢驗(yàn)方式存在的問題。為了建立新檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管體系,本文針對(duì)進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn),提出了使用頭腦風(fēng)暴法、德爾菲法以及檢查表法等方法對(duì)進(jìn)口機(jī)電的產(chǎn)品特性進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別,并對(duì)三種方法的適用性進(jìn)行分析比較：在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別完成后,采用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)矩陣法對(duì)每個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品特性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估并結(jié)合該產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)、產(chǎn)品用途和敏感因素等最終確定其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)。接著本文進(jìn)一步構(gòu)建出一套基于進(jìn)口機(jī)電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估的檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管模式,即由進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)評(píng)定結(jié)果、進(jìn)口收貨人分類評(píng)定的結(jié)果來靈活選擇進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品的三級(jí)檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管方式的基本規(guī)則。為了驗(yàn)證新檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管模式的實(shí)際效果,本文對(duì)常熟地區(qū)2014年進(jìn)口交換機(jī)等部分進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品試行了基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管模式,通過收集和分析試行新模式后的數(shù)據(jù),發(fā)現(xiàn)該模式不僅大幅緩解了檢驗(yàn)檢疫系統(tǒng)人力資源緊張的問題,促進(jìn)了進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品的通關(guān)便利,有力提升了進(jìn)口機(jī)電產(chǎn)品檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管效率。
[Abstract]:For many years, the entry and exit inspection and quarantine institutions have carried out inspection and supervision of imported mechanical and electrical products according to law, which has effectively maintained the safety of the lives and property of the people of China and effectively promoted the healthy development of our country's economy.After China's entry into WTO, with the increasing import of mechanical and electrical products, the traditional batch inspection mode of imported mechanical and electrical products in inspection and quarantine departments has been unable to meet the needs of economic development, and has gradually shown the disadvantages of heavy workload and low efficiency of inspection and supervision.Therefore, the entry and exit inspection and quarantine department needs a more scientific and effective inspection supervision mode to replace the traditional inspection and quarantine mode.At present, the major developed countries in the world have established a relatively sound technical support system and regulatory system for risk assessment of mechanical and electrical products.This paper draws lessons from the mature experience of applying risk assessment technology to risk management at home and abroad, integrates the risk management technology into the inspection and supervision of imported mechanical and electrical products, and establishes a new inspection supervision system in order to make effective use of inspection and quarantine resources.Improve the efficiency of inspection supervision and solve the problems of traditional batch inspection.In order to establish a new inspection supervision system, according to the characteristics of imported mechanical and electrical products, this paper proposes to use the methods of brainstorming, Delphi method and check list method to identify the risk of the characteristics of imported mechanical and electrical products.The applicability of the three methods is analyzed and compared: after the risk identification is completed, the risk matrix method is used to evaluate the product characteristic risk and combine the quality data of the product.The use and sensitivity of the product are determined.Then this paper further constructs a set of inspection and supervision model based on the risk assessment of import electromechanical products, that is, the result of risk assessment of imported mechanical and electrical products.Import consignee classified evaluation results to flexibly select import mechanical and electrical products of the three-level inspection and supervision of the basic rules.In order to verify the actual effect of the new inspection and supervision model, this paper has tried out the risk management-based inspection supervision model for some imported mechanical and electrical products such as import switch in Changshu region in 2014, and collected and analyzed the data after the trial.It is found that this model not only alleviates the shortage of human resources in inspection and quarantine system greatly, promotes the customs clearance convenience of imported mechanical and electrical products, but also improves the efficiency of inspection and supervision of import mechanical and electrical products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F426.4;F752.5

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