葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）是世界上廣泛栽培的果樹作物,既可以鮮食,也可用來生產(chǎn)葡萄酒、果醬、果汁和果凍、種子浸提物、葡萄干、葡萄醋和葡萄籽油,因而具有巨大的經(jīng)濟價值。然而葡萄生產(chǎn)上灰霉�。℅rey mould）卻普遍發(fā)生,該病不僅是貯藏病害,更是葡萄生產(chǎn)田危害最大的病害之一,全球每年由灰霉病危害造成的減產(chǎn)損失為20⁴0%,嚴重的可達60%以上�；颐共〖撼蔀橄拗莆覈咸旬a(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的主要病害。課題組前期從國內(nèi)外收集引進葡萄品種資源80余個,開展葡萄品種灰霉病抗性鑒定,篩選抗病品種資源,分析抗病、感病葡萄生理機制研究,為培育優(yōu)質(zhì)抗灰霉病葡萄新品種提供重要資源。1.對81個葡萄品種基因型的葉片進行了灰霉菌抗性離體接種結(jié)果顯示,12個葡萄品種抗�。≧）、25個易感�。⊿）和42個高度感病（HS）;隨后研究了HR基因型葡萄“紫秋”（Vitis davidii）和HS基因型葡萄“雷司令”（V.vinifera）,通過離體葉片試驗闡明了葡萄宿主對灰葡萄孢的抗性和敏感性機制,比較分析了接種灰霉菌后兩種基因型葡萄上的真菌生長情況,活性氧（ROS）反應(yīng)、茉莉酸（JA）水平... 

【文章來源】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：74 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER1 LITERATURE REVIEW
    1.1 Grapevines
    1.2 Botrytis cinerea
    1.3 Anti-oxidant Enzymes
    1.4 Reactive Oxygen Species
    1.5 Jasmonic Acid
CHAPTER2 Screening Vitis Genotypes for Responses to Botrytis cinerea and Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes,Reactive Oxygen Species and Jasmonic Acid in Resistant and Susceptible Hosts
    2.1 Objectives
    2.2 Materials and Methods
        2.2.1 Plant and Fungal Materials
        2.2.2 Detached Leaf Evaluation
        2.2.3 Disease Severity Rating
        2.2.4 Light Microscopy
        2.2.5 Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）
        2.2.6 ROS Measurement
        2.2.7 Enzyme Extraction and Activity Assays
        2.2.8 JA Quantification in HR and HS Genotypes
        2.2.9 Statistical Analysis
    2.3 RESULTS
        2.3.1.Grape Genotypes Exhibit Different Levels of Resistance to B.cinerea
        2.3.2.B.cinerea Growth on the HR Genotype’Zi Qiu’and the HS Genotype‘Riesling’
        2.3.3.Activity of Peroxidase and Superoxide Dismutase in the HR genotype’Zi Qiu’and the HS Genotype‘Riesling’Infected by B.cinerea
        2.3.4.Hydrogen Peroxide（H2O2）Accumulation in HR’Zi Qiu’and HS‘Riesling’Leaves in Response to Infection with B.cinerea
        2.3.5.Accumulation of Superoxide Radicals（O2? ）in HR’Zi Qiu’and HS‘Riesling’Leaves in Response to Infection with B.cinerea
        2.3.6.Jasmonic Acid Levels in Leaves of the HR genotype‘Zi Qiu’and the HS Genotype‘Riesling’Following Inoculation with B.cinerea
        2.3.7.Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients
    2.4.Discussion
    2.5.Conclusions
CHAPTER3 In vitro evaluation of berries of various Vitis genotypes for disease resistance to Botrytis cinerea
    3.1.Objectives
    3.2.Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Grape berries and fungal materials:
        3.2.2 Berry selection and inoculation:
        3.2.3 Disease severity rating:
        3.2.4 Light microscopy:
        3.2.5 Reactive oxygen species measurement:
        3.2.6 Enzyme extraction and activity assay:
        3.2.7 JA quantification:
        3.2.8 Statistical analysis:
    3.3 Results
2
? and H₂O₂ Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger:">        3.3.1 O2
? and H₂O₂ Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger:
        3.3.2 JA Levels in HR“Dong fang zhi xing”and HS“Gold finger”in Interaction with B.cinerea:
    3.4 Discussion
        3.4.1 Vitis genotypes Exhibited Different Levels of Resistance to B.cinerea:
        3.4.2 Activities of Malondialhydrate（MDA）,Superoxide and Dismutase Peroxidase in HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger Infected by B.cinerea
2
?and H₂O₂ Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger">        3.4.3 O_{2
?and H2O2 Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger
        3.4.4 JA Levels in HR“Dong fang zhi xing”and HS“Gold finger”in Interaction with B.cinerea
    3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 Botrytis cinerea structural development and host responses in resistant and susceptible grapevine cultivars:A physiological and structural study
    4.1 Objectives:
    4.2 Materials and Methods:
        4.2.1 Plant and Fungal Material
        4.2.2 Disease incidence（%）
        4.2.3 Light Microscopy
        4.2.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy（SEM）
        4.2.5 Reactive Oxygen Species Measurement
        4.2.6 Statistical Analysis
    4.3 Results
        4.3.1.B.cinerea Growth on the Marselan and Blue French
        4.3.2 Activities of Peroxidase（POD）,Superoxide Dismutase（SOD）and Catalase（CAT）in Marselan and Blue French cultivars Infected with B.cinerea
2}O₂ Accumulation in B.cinerea inoculated cultivars Marselan and Blue French">        4.3.3 H₂O₂ Accumulation in B.cinerea inoculated cultivars Marselan and Blue French
2
? Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with Marselan and Blue French">        4.3.4.O2
? Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with Marselan and Blue French
    4.4 Discussion
Chapter5 Conclusions and Recommendations
References
Abbreviations
Acknowledgement
About Author


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]美國和我國新疆葡萄資源抗主要真菌病害的田間自然鑒定[J]. 吳行昶,劉楠,張劍俠,王躍進.  果樹學(xué)報. 2011(05)



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