發(fā)布時間：2018-12-25 19:32

【摘要】：目的探討堿性漱口水對血液科發(fā)熱患者口腔感染的影響。方法選取2012年1月-2016年12月醫(yī)院血液科收治的發(fā)熱患者996例,采用隨機數(shù)字表法將患者分為觀察組和對照組,每組各498例;在進行常規(guī)口腔護理宣傳教育的基礎(chǔ)上,對照組每日晨起、睡前、早、中、晚三餐后采用自制0.9%生理鹽水漱口,每次100ml;觀察組在每日晨起、睡前、早、中、晚三餐后采用自制5%碳酸氫鈉堿性漱口水漱口,每次20ml;干預(yù)7d后,統(tǒng)計兩組口腔感染率,第一次漱口前、干預(yù)結(jié)束后,分別由護士對患者口腔清潔度、口腔pH值、口腔氣味進行檢測,統(tǒng)計兩組患者住院時間、抗菌藥物費用和其他部位感染率,對發(fā)生口腔感染患者,采集口腔分泌物標(biāo)本進行菌株鑒定。結(jié)果對照組和觀察組口腔感染率分別為5.22%和2.01%,兩組口腔感染率比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);干預(yù)前,兩組口腔清潔度、口腔氣味評分和口腔pH值比較差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義;干預(yù)后,兩組口腔清潔度和口腔氣味評分均顯著降低(P0.05),口腔pH值顯著上升(P0.05),且組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);觀察組住院時間、抗菌藥物費用均顯著低于對照組(P0.05);觀察組其他部位感染率為4.42%,顯著低于對照組10.44%(χ~2=4.965,P0.05);36例口腔感染患者共檢出病原菌76株,其中厭氧菌56株占73.68%,需氧菌20株占26.32%,黑色素普氏菌26株占34.21%,是主要厭氧菌類型。結(jié)論血液科發(fā)熱患者應(yīng)用5%碳酸氫鈉堿性漱口水,可有效清潔口腔,改變口腔的酸性環(huán)境,改善口腔氣味,從而降低口腔感染的發(fā)生率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of alkaline gargle on oral infection in patients with fever in hematology department. Methods from January 2012 to December 2016, 996 patients with fever were divided into observation group and control group with 498 cases in each group. On the basis of routine oral nursing propaganda and education, the control group was gargled with 0.9% physiological saline in the morning, before bed, in the morning, in the middle and in the evening. In the observation group, 5% sodium bicarbonate basic mouthwash was used to gargle every morning, before, in the morning, in the middle, in the evening and in the evening. After 7 days of intervention, the oral infection rate of the two groups was counted. Before the first mouthwash and after the intervention, the patients' oral cleanliness, oral pH value and oral odour were detected by the nurses, and the hospital stay time of the two groups was counted. The cost of antimicrobial agents and the infection rate of other parts were collected to identify the strains of oral secretions from patients with oral infection. Results the oral infection rate in the control group and the observation group was 5.22% and 2.01respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in oral cleanliness, odour score and oral pH between the two groups. After intervention, the oral cleanliness and odour score of the two groups were significantly decreased (P0.05), oral pH value significantly increased (P0.05), and there was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). The hospitalization time of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05), the infection rate of other parts in the observation group was 4.42, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (10.44%) (蠂 ~ 2, 4.965, P 0.05). A total of 76 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 36 patients with oral infection. Among them, 56 strains were anaerobic bacteria (73.68), 20 strains were aerobic bacteria (26.32%) and 26 strains were Pu melanin bacteria (34.21%), which were the main types of anaerobic bacteria. Conclusion the application of 5% alkaline sodium bicarbonate gargle in patients with fever in hematology department can effectively clean the oral cavity, change the acidic environment of the oral cavity, improve the odour of the oral cavity, and thus reduce the incidence of oral infection.
【作者單位】： 海南醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院血液內(nèi)科;海南醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院心臟外科;
【分類號】：R473.5

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