本文選題：超聲相控陣　切入點(diǎn)：激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近二十年來,醫(yī)學(xué)超聲領(lǐng)域取得巨大進(jìn)步。無論是醫(yī)學(xué)超聲診斷領(lǐng)域還是醫(yī)學(xué)超聲治療領(lǐng)域,都有新的超聲設(shè)備在臨床上得到應(yīng)用。但是,將醫(yī)學(xué)超聲應(yīng)用于腦部疾病的治療還處于探索階段,目前沒有相關(guān)的超聲設(shè)備支撐腦部疾病的研究和治療。本課題以中國科學(xué)院深圳先進(jìn)技術(shù)研究院申請的國家重大儀器研制項(xiàng)目《基于超聲輻射力的深部腦刺激與神經(jīng)調(diào)控儀器研制》為依托,對超聲相控陣系統(tǒng)在實(shí)際中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了探索,完成了超聲相控陣任意波形激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。超聲激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的聚焦可以聯(lián)合微泡,實(shí)現(xiàn)血腦屏障靶向性、可逆性和無創(chuàng)性開發(fā)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)上千通道的超聲相控陣激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)聚焦,需要確保多塊激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)PCB板之間的時(shí)鐘信號處于統(tǒng)一基準(zhǔn),即實(shí)現(xiàn)同步時(shí)鐘進(jìn)行精確控制。本課題采用光纖時(shí)鐘同步方案來實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度的時(shí)鐘傳輸,通過串并轉(zhuǎn)換器實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)鐘信號和數(shù)據(jù)信號在光纖中的高速傳輸。選擇合適型號的串并轉(zhuǎn)換器,光電模塊以及光纖,并使用Cadence軟件完成該模塊的電路設(shè)計(jì)。有別于傳統(tǒng)超聲激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)采用脈沖方波激勵(lì)換能器產(chǎn)生超聲波的方式,本課題提出了一種實(shí)現(xiàn)任意波形激勵(lì)換能器產(chǎn)生超聲波的方案。采用FPGA和數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換芯片產(chǎn)生任意需要的波形,再由功率放大器和阻抗匹配電路輸出激勵(lì)換能器產(chǎn)生的超聲波。通過分析比較,選擇合適型號的FPGA芯片,數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換芯片,功率放大器。使用Cadence軟件完成任意波形合成模塊,功率放大模塊,阻抗匹配電路的設(shè)計(jì)。最后驗(yàn)證各個(gè)電路模塊的性能。本課題的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)有兩個(gè),一是超聲相控陣激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)采用光纖時(shí)鐘同步設(shè)計(jì),可以實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度的時(shí)鐘同步控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)誤差控制在納秒級;二是超聲相控陣激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)任意波形激勵(lì),采用FPGA和數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器實(shí)現(xiàn)任意波形的合成。
[Abstract]:In the past twenty years, great progress has been made in the field of medical ultrasound.No matter in the field of medical ultrasound diagnosis or medical ultrasound treatment, new ultrasound devices have been applied in clinic.However, the application of medical ultrasound in the treatment of brain diseases is still in the exploratory stage, and there are no relevant ultrasound devices to support the research and treatment of brain diseases.This project is based on the National Major instrument Development Project "Deep brain stimulation and nerve Regulation instrument based on Ultrasonic radiation", which was applied by Shenzhen Advanced Technology Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The application of ultrasonic phased array system in practice is explored, and the design of arbitrary waveform excitation system for ultrasonic phased array is completed.The focus produced by ultrasonic stimulation system can combine microbubbles to achieve the development of blood-brain barrier targeting, reversibility and noninvasive.In order to realize the focusing of the ultrasonic phased array excitation system with thousands of channels, it is necessary to ensure that the clock signal between the multiple excitation system PCB boards is in a unified reference, that is, to realize the accurate control of the synchronous clock.In this paper, the optical fiber clock synchronization scheme is used to realize high precision clock transmission, and the high speed transmission of clock signal and data signal in optical fiber is realized by serial parallel converter.Select the appropriate type of series-parallel converter, optoelectronic module and optical fiber, and use Cadence software to complete the circuit design of the module.Different from the traditional ultrasonic excitation system which uses pulse square wave to excite the transducer to produce ultrasonic wave, this paper presents a scheme to realize the ultrasonic wave generated by any waveform excitation transducer.FPGA and digital-to-analog conversion chip are used to generate any needed waveform, and then the ultrasonic wave generated by exciting transducer is output by power amplifier and impedance matching circuit.Through analysis and comparison, select the appropriate type of FPGA chip, digital-to-analog conversion chip, power amplifier.Use Cadence software to complete arbitrary waveform synthesis module, power amplifier module, impedance matching circuit design.Finally, the performance of each circuit module is verified.There are two innovative points in this paper. One is that the ultrasonic phased array excitation system is designed with optical fiber clock synchronization, which can realize high precision clock synchronization control and achieve error control in nanosecond level.Second, the ultrasonic phased array excitation system can realize arbitrary waveform excitation, FPGA and digital-to-analog converter to achieve arbitrary waveform synthesis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R445.1

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