【摘要】：隨著城市用電設(shè)備大幅度增加和人口密集度的提升,火災(zāi)發(fā)生的概率也在不斷地增加,火災(zāi)帶來的危害也在隨之增加。目前社會上大量使用的消防系統(tǒng)仍存在不足,例如:火災(zāi)信息采集的有線傳輸、現(xiàn)場逃生需人員調(diào)度等。本文對現(xiàn)代社會智能消防報警系統(tǒng)需求進(jìn)行了調(diào)研和分析,認(rèn)為大范圍分布式火災(zāi)監(jiān)測、多方式報警、逃生誘導(dǎo)等功能的實現(xiàn)是非常必要的。電子、通信、計算機等現(xiàn)代化技術(shù)的進(jìn)步為這些功能的實現(xiàn)提供了技術(shù)支持。本文提出了智能消防報警系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計方案。該方案通過在多區(qū)域、多地點布置火災(zāi)監(jiān)測傳感器節(jié)點,使用同一套網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)器和數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)大范圍分布式火災(zāi)監(jiān)測;并實現(xiàn)了值班室大屏幕展示、手機短信、遠(yuǎn)程信息推送等多方式報警;利用下位機(單片機)驅(qū)動顯示模塊和Dijkstra算法計算最短路徑實現(xiàn)了逃生誘導(dǎo)功能。本文設(shè)計了信息采集系統(tǒng),包括火災(zāi)探測系統(tǒng)和無線傳輸系統(tǒng)�；馂�(zāi)探測傳感器和被動紅外傳感器信息被實時地傳輸?shù)綌?shù)據(jù)服務(wù)器,特別是被動紅外數(shù)據(jù)有效時,表明現(xiàn)場有需要被救援者,指引救援調(diào)度工作。還借助GPRS無線傳輸技術(shù)將火災(zāi)數(shù)據(jù)實現(xiàn)了遠(yuǎn)程傳輸,使系統(tǒng)的使用范圍不受地域限制。本文設(shè)計了智能消防綜合信息管理系統(tǒng),構(gòu)建了Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫。該系統(tǒng)完成火災(zāi)定位、預(yù)警、查詢功能,用戶界面友好。最后設(shè)計了火災(zāi)報警處理系統(tǒng),完成響鈴報警、電梯迫降、短信發(fā)送、逃生誘導(dǎo),火警現(xiàn)場視頻展示等功能,實現(xiàn)報警處理自動化。本系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)新性地將Dijkstra算法應(yīng)用到了火災(zāi)逃生誘導(dǎo)場景中。測試結(jié)果表明:本系統(tǒng)在遵循國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的前提下,設(shè)計的智能消防系統(tǒng)可以實現(xiàn)火災(zāi)信息的實時采集、火災(zāi)信息的無線傳輸、及時報警、現(xiàn)場快速逃生,實現(xiàn)了火災(zāi)報警系統(tǒng)的預(yù)期設(shè)計目標(biāo)。本文創(chuàng)新點為:(1)本文提出的智能消防報警系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計方案實現(xiàn)了新的功能;(2)本系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)新性地將Dijkstra算法應(yīng)用于樓道模型的火災(zāi)逃生誘導(dǎo)中。
[Abstract]:With the increase of electric equipment and population density, the probability of fire is increasing, and the harm caused by fire is also increasing. At present, there are still some shortcomings in the fire protection system, such as the wired transmission of fire information collection, the dispatch of personnel to escape from the scene and so on. In this paper, the demand of intelligent fire alarm system in modern society is investigated and analyzed. It is considered that it is necessary to realize the functions of large-scale distributed fire monitoring, multi-mode alarm, escape guidance and so on. The progress of modern technology, such as electronics, communication and computer, provides technical support for the realization of these functions. In this paper, the overall design scheme of intelligent fire alarm system is put forward. In this scheme, the fire monitoring sensor nodes are arranged in multi-area and multi-location, and the same set of network data server and data processing system are used to realize the large-scale distributed fire monitoring. It also realizes the alarm of large screen display, short message and remote information push in the duty room, and realizes the function of escape guidance by using the display module driven by the lower computer and the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path. This paper designs information collection system, including fire detection system and wireless transmission system. The information of fire detection sensor and passive infrared sensor is transmitted to the data server in real time, especially when the passive infrared data is valid, which indicates that there is a need to be rescued on the spot to guide the rescue scheduling. The remote transmission of fire data is realized by means of GPRS wireless transmission technology, so that the range of use of the system is not limited by region. In this paper, the intelligent fire control information management system is designed, and the Oracle database is constructed. The system completes fire location, early warning, query function and friendly user interface. Finally, the fire alarm processing system is designed to complete the functions of ring alarm, elevator crash landing, short message sending, escape induction, fire scene video display and so on, so as to realize the automation of alarm processing. This system innovatively applies the Dijkstra algorithm to the fire escape induction scene. The test results show that the intelligent fire control system can realize the real-time collection of fire information, wireless transmission of fire information, timely alarm and quick escape. The expected design goal of the fire alarm system is realized. The innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) the overall design scheme of intelligent fire alarm system proposed in this paper has realized the new function; (2) the Dijkstra algorithm has been creatively applied in the fire escape induction of the corridor model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP277;TP311.52;TU998.1

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