【摘要】：質(zhì)譜儀是一種利用荷質(zhì)比分離檢測物質(zhì)的分析儀器,被廣泛應(yīng)用于能源、制藥、生命科學(xué)和空間探測等領(lǐng)域。它的工作原理是通過數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)獲取檢測器的輸出信號,再由計算機(jī)對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析處理,最后得到完整的質(zhì)譜圖。依據(jù)課題要求,本文從便攜式離子阱質(zhì)譜儀工作原理出發(fā),通過對信號同步控制,數(shù)據(jù)存儲等數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究,研制了一套改進(jìn)型的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)。本文將質(zhì)譜數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)主要分為控制模塊、信號處理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊、通信模塊�？刂颇K實現(xiàn)整個系統(tǒng)的信號控制,重點研究了按照系統(tǒng)時序的多信號同步控制;信號處理模塊主要實現(xiàn)對檢測器輸出的微弱信號進(jìn)行電流-電壓轉(zhuǎn)換、放大、濾波等處理使其達(dá)到ADC芯片的采集要求;數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊實現(xiàn)原始信號的采集和存儲,其中質(zhì)譜數(shù)據(jù)的存儲采用了直接內(nèi)存訪問技術(shù)(Direct Memory Access,DMA),該技術(shù)提高了CPU的工作效率,解決了傳輸速率不匹配問題;通信模塊采用以太網(wǎng)W5500實現(xiàn)上層軟件與下位機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)通信和質(zhì)譜數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸,采用RS-485串口方式實現(xiàn)分子泵的開關(guān)控制和數(shù)據(jù)讀取,W5500滿足了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸帶寬要求,保證了通信的穩(wěn)定性。本文針對不同模塊分別從硬件、軟件設(shè)計兩方面進(jìn)行了分析和探索。對射頻控制信號、射頻輔助信號(AC信號)的產(chǎn)生進(jìn)行了實驗驗證。本文最后對各模塊進(jìn)行了硬件測試和代碼調(diào)試,包括同步時序控制、射頻信號控制、信號的采集和處理及以太網(wǎng)通信等功能。測試結(jié)果表明,各模塊的信號輸出穩(wěn)定且精確度高。此外,通過集成測試,系統(tǒng)在設(shè)定時間內(nèi)完成了信號控制和采集任務(wù),滿足本課題的設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:Mass spectrometer (MS) is a kind of analytical instrument which uses the ratio of charge to mass to separate and detect substances. It is widely used in the fields of energy, pharmacy, life science and space exploration. Its working principle is to obtain the output signal of the detector through the data acquisition system, then analyze and process the data by the computer, and finally obtain the complete mass spectrogram. According to the requirements of the project, a set of improved data acquisition system is developed based on the working principle of portable ion trap mass spectrometer and the research on the key technology of data acquisition such as signal synchronization control and data storage. In this paper, the mass spectrum data acquisition system is divided into control module, signal processing module, data acquisition module, communication module. The control module realizes the signal control of the whole system, focusing on the multi-signal synchronization control according to the time sequence of the system, the signal processing module mainly realizes the current-voltage conversion and amplification of the weak signal output by the detector. The data acquisition module realizes the acquisition and storage of the original signal, in which the direct memory access technology (Direct Memory) is used to store the mass spectrum data, which improves the efficiency of the CPU. The communication module uses Ethernet W5500 to realize the data communication between the upper software and the lower computer and the transmission of mass spectrum data. The switch control and data reading W5500 of molecular pump are realized by RS-485 serial port mode, which meet the requirement of data transmission bandwidth and ensure the stability of communication. In this paper, the hardware and software design of different modules are analyzed and explored. The generation of radio frequency control signal and radio frequency auxiliary signal (AC signal) is verified experimentally. Finally, the hardware test and code debugging of each module are carried out, including synchronous timing control, RF signal control, signal acquisition and processing, Ethernet communication and other functions. The test results show that the signal output of each module is stable and accurate. In addition, through the integrated test, the system completes the task of signal control and acquisition in the set time, which meets the design requirements of the subject.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP274.2;TH843

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