本文選題：農(nóng)藥殘留　切入點(diǎn)：快速檢測(cè)　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年來(lái),農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)快速發(fā)展解決了人類基本的溫飽問(wèn)題,提高了人們的物質(zhì)生活水平。但是現(xiàn)代的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)中,不可避免的需要使用農(nóng)藥,其中不乏毒性程度較高的農(nóng)藥產(chǎn)品。這些農(nóng)藥在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中的殘留會(huì)對(duì)人類健康和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展造成巨大的危害。在這些農(nóng)藥中,有兩類殺蟲劑農(nóng)藥使用最為廣泛,一類是有機(jī)磷類,另一類是氨基甲酸酯類。由于農(nóng)藥的多樣性和其檢測(cè)過(guò)程的復(fù)雜性,目前對(duì)農(nóng)藥殘留的檢測(cè)多采用實(shí)驗(yàn)室大型儀器。大型儀器雖然精度很高但其先天的缺點(diǎn)決定了其難以應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)快速檢測(cè)�？焖俦銛y的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)儀器的研發(fā)對(duì)于推廣農(nóng)藥殘留檢測(cè)加強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)督非常必要,本文便是從快速便攜的角度開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)一款檢測(cè)儀器。本儀器結(jié)合了酶抑制原理和朗伯-比爾定律,實(shí)現(xiàn)有機(jī)磷類和氨基甲酸酯類殺蟲劑的快速的檢測(cè),并通過(guò)嵌入式技術(shù)(S3C6410為核心板)設(shè)計(jì)的小型快速便攜式的檢測(cè)裝置。文章的內(nèi)容主要包括:檢測(cè)原理、硬件設(shè)計(jì)與開(kāi)發(fā)、軟件設(shè)計(jì)與開(kāi)發(fā)和儀器實(shí)驗(yàn)四個(gè)部分。首先,重點(diǎn)介紹了儀器的檢測(cè)原理和方法:酶抑制原理和光譜吸收原理以及相關(guān)技術(shù)等作為本儀器設(shè)計(jì)的理論基礎(chǔ)。其次,基于酶抑制原理和溶液的朗伯-比爾定律設(shè)計(jì)了農(nóng)殘檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。此檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)首先利用上述兩種殺蟲劑對(duì)酶的抑制作用導(dǎo)致溶液濃度的變化,并通過(guò)光譜吸收原理將這種變化體現(xiàn)在光信號(hào)上;然后將光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為電流信號(hào),通過(guò)放大濾波轉(zhuǎn)化成電壓信號(hào)并輸入到嵌入式的ADC(模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器)中進(jìn)行處理;最后在顯示界面進(jìn)行顯示,完成信息的輸出和人機(jī)的交互。此檢測(cè)過(guò)程需要的化學(xué)試劑包括作為底物的BTCI(碘化硫代膽堿)、充當(dāng)顯色劑的DTNB(二硫代二硝基苯甲酸)和乙酰膽堿酯酶:光學(xué)元件中,選用美國(guó)Thorlabs公司的LED405E發(fā)光二極管作為光源,后端采集使用美國(guó)Thorlabs公司的FGAP71磷化鎵PIN型光電二極管;濾波放大電路部分采用前后級(jí)放大電路的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)高頻干擾信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾除;嵌入式部分采用三星公司的S3C6410作為核心處理器構(gòu)建嵌入式平臺(tái)。最后,用實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的儀器進(jìn)行分析和測(cè)試,包括光源功率的確定、儀器性能的測(cè)試以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of agricultural technology has solved the basic problem of human food and clothing, and improved people's material living standard.But in the modern agricultural production, it is inevitable to use pesticides, including pesticide products with high toxicity.The residues of these pesticides in agricultural products will cause great harm to human health and economic development.Among these pesticides, two kinds of pesticides are most widely used, one is organophosphorus and the other is carbamate.Due to the diversity of pesticides and the complexity of their detection process, large laboratory instruments are used to detect pesticide residues.Although the precision of large-scale instrument is very high, it is difficult to be used in field rapid detection because of its inherent shortcomings.The research and development of fast portable field detection instrument is very necessary for popularizing pesticide residue detection and strengthening food safety supervision. This paper develops and designs a testing instrument from the point of view of rapid portability.This instrument combines enzyme inhibition principle and Lambert-Beer 's law to realize rapid detection of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides, and a small, fast and portable detecting device is designed by embedded technology (S3C6410 as core board).The content of this paper includes four parts: detection principle, hardware design and development, software design and development and instrument experiment.Firstly, the detection principle and method of the instrument are introduced. The principle of enzyme inhibition, the principle of spectral absorption and the related techniques are used as the theoretical basis of the design of the instrument.Secondly, based on enzyme inhibition principle and Lambert-Beer 's law of solution, the detection system of agricultural residues was designed.The system firstly uses the inhibition of the above two insecticides to cause the change of the solution concentration, which is reflected in the light signal by the principle of spectral absorption, and then converts the light signal into the current signal.It is converted into voltage signal by amplifying and filtering and input into the embedded ADC (ADC) for processing. Finally, it is displayed in the display interface to complete the information output and man-machine interaction.The chemical reagents required for this detection process include BTCI (thiocholine iodide) as substrate, DTNB (dithio dinitrobenzoic acid) and acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase) as chromogenic agents: in the optical elements, the LED405E light-emitting diode of Thorlabs Company of the United States is selected as the light source.The back-end acquisition uses FGAP71 gallium phosphide PIN photodiode of American Thorlabs company, the filter amplifier circuit uses the structure of the front and rear stage amplifier circuit to filter the high-frequency interference signal.The embedded part uses Samsung S3C6410 as the core processor to build the embedded platform.Finally, the designed instrument is analyzed and tested by experiments, including the determination of light source power, the testing of instrument performance and field experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP216

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王琳琳;石W，

本文編號(hào)：1715507