本文選題：永磁同步電機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：無(wú)傳感器矢量控制　出處：《沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電機(jī)相對(duì)于感應(yīng)電機(jī)具有體積小、效率高、功率密度高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),使得電動(dòng)汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)廣泛采用永磁同步電機(jī)作為驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)。目前,針對(duì)永磁同步電機(jī)的控制器都是基于空間矢量控制的方法,需要位置傳感器提供轉(zhuǎn)子的位置信息。當(dāng)位置傳感器出現(xiàn)故障無(wú)法向電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)提供轉(zhuǎn)子位置信號(hào)時(shí),電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)將無(wú)法運(yùn)行。無(wú)傳感器技術(shù)就可以替代位置傳感器向電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)提供轉(zhuǎn)子位置信號(hào),實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)控制。本課題依托遼寧省教育廳科學(xué)研究一般項(xiàng)目“電動(dòng)汽車用六相永磁電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)故障診斷方法研究(LGD2016030)”和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“電動(dòng)汽車用多相電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)故障診斷及容錯(cuò)控制研究(61603263)”,針對(duì)電動(dòng)汽車的電機(jī)位置傳感器出現(xiàn)故障的狀態(tài)下,基于脈振高頻注入法獲得的轉(zhuǎn)子位置使得電動(dòng)汽車能夠順利啟動(dòng)并且在中低速狀態(tài)下穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。本文首先對(duì)脈振高頻電壓注入法的原理進(jìn)行理論分析,然后設(shè)計(jì)了IIR數(shù)字帶通濾波器用于提取包含轉(zhuǎn)子誤差信號(hào)的高頻電流信號(hào)、對(duì)高頻電流信號(hào)的解調(diào)方式以及基于鎖相環(huán)的轉(zhuǎn)子位置估計(jì)器。同時(shí),基于I型系統(tǒng)原則設(shè)計(jì)了電流環(huán)、轉(zhuǎn)速環(huán)PI控制器參數(shù)。此外,為了在實(shí)驗(yàn)中能修改系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的修改和數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出,設(shè)計(jì)了基于永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)的GUI圖形用戶界面,實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)仿真。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建了基于脈振高頻電壓注入法的永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)傳感器系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,通過(guò)對(duì)仿真結(jié)果的分析和比較,證明了該方法的有效性和可行性。并且分析了注入的高頻電壓信號(hào)的頻率和幅值的大小、定子電阻的變化、濾波器的帶寬對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子位置估計(jì)精度的影響,并提出了改進(jìn)措施。對(duì)于目前的數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器系統(tǒng)開發(fā)流程而言,其開發(fā)流程不僅周期長(zhǎng)而且效率低。本文使用了基于DSP的Simulink代碼生成技術(shù),提高了DSP系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)速度和效率。在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建基于DSP的電機(jī)控制算法的模型,并使用Stateflow搭建了電機(jī)的邏輯控制系統(tǒng)模型以及定義了系統(tǒng)軟硬件接口。最后,通過(guò)Simulink成功的生成了針對(duì)DSP芯片的嵌入式C代碼。在生成的嵌入式代碼的基礎(chǔ)上,以一臺(tái)30kW的內(nèi)置式永磁同步電機(jī)為控制對(duì)象,搭建了基于DSP28335為控制核心的永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)傳感器實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),并對(duì)基于高頻注入法的電動(dòng)汽車用永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)傳感器矢量控制算法進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明了基于脈振高頻電壓注入法的永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)能夠在低速、中速區(qū)域內(nèi)有效的跟蹤轉(zhuǎn)子的位置,實(shí)現(xiàn)了電動(dòng)汽車用電驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)在位置傳感器出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)能繼續(xù)低速運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:Compared with induction motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the advantages of small size, high efficiency and high power density, which makes permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) widely used as driving motor in the drive system of electric vehicle (EV).At present, the controllers of PMSM are based on the space vector control method, which needs the position sensor to provide the rotor position information.When the position sensor fails to provide the rotor position signal to the motor control system, the motor drive system will not be able to run.Sensorless technology can provide rotor position signal to motor control system instead of position sensor and realize closed loop control of the system.This subject relies on the general scientific research project of Liaoning Provincial Education Department, "Research on Fault diagnosis method of six Phase permanent Magnet Motor Drive system for Electric vehicles (LGD2016030)" and the National Natural Science Foundation Project "Multi-phase Motor Drive Control for Electric vehicles"Research on system Fault diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant ControlWhen the motor position sensor of the electric vehicle is in trouble, the rotor position obtained by the high frequency injection method of pulse vibration makes the electric vehicle start up smoothly and run stably at medium and low speed.In this paper, the principle of pulse vibration high frequency voltage injection method is analyzed, and then the IIR digital bandpass filter is designed to extract the high frequency current signal containing rotor error signal.Demodulation of high frequency current signal and rotor position estimator based on phase locked loop.At the same time, the Pi controller parameters of current loop and speed loop are designed based on the principle of type I system.In addition, in order to modify the parameters of the system and derive the data in the experiment, the GUI graphical user interface based on the sensorless vector control system of PMSM is designed, and the dynamic simulation of the system is realized.Finally, the simulation model of sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system based on pulsed-high-frequency voltage injection method is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The effectiveness and feasibility of the method are proved by the analysis and comparison of the simulation results.The influence of the frequency and amplitude of the injected high frequency voltage signal, the variation of stator resistance and the bandwidth of filter on the accuracy of rotor position estimation are analyzed, and the improvement measures are put forward.For the current digital signal processor system development process, its development process is not only long period but also inefficient.In this paper, Simulink code generation technology based on DSP is used to improve the development speed and efficiency of DSP system.The model of motor control algorithm based on DSP is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the logic control system model of motor is built with Stateflow, and the interface of hardware and software of the system is defined.Finally, the embedded C code for DSP chip is successfully generated by Simulink.Based on the generated embedded code and taking a 30kW built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor as the control object, a sensorless experiment platform of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on DSP28335 is built.The sensorless vector control algorithm of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for electric vehicle based on high frequency injection method is verified experimentally.The experimental results show that the sensorless vector control system of PMSM based on the pulse high frequency voltage injection method can effectively track the rotor position in the low and medium speed region.The electric motor of electric vehicle can continue to run at low speed when the position sensor fails.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341;TP273

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