【摘要】：能源是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的支柱,直接關(guān)系國家安全,我國將逐步建立集中式為主、分布式為輔的結(jié)構(gòu)完整的能源供應(yīng)體系。新電改方案提出“全面放開用戶側(cè)分布式電源市場”[1],然而,當(dāng)前我國分布式電源發(fā)展中還存在諸多問題,諸如缺少系統(tǒng)的綜合規(guī)劃和實(shí)施機(jī)制、缺少統(tǒng)一的并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行規(guī)范和定價(jià)機(jī)制、缺少先進(jìn)的技術(shù)裝備和研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)、缺少科學(xué)的投資與收益分配方案等方面的建立完善。特別是伴隨未來十到二十年我國分布式電源裝機(jī)容量大幅增加的時(shí)期,迫切需要有效解決諸如上述所存在的問題,其中積極引入合同能源管理這一新機(jī)制,更加有助于貫徹落實(shí)國家節(jié)能減排政策,提高能源電力企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,進(jìn)而有效推動(dòng)我國能源使用效率的提高和能源電力市場的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。文章首先分析了國內(nèi)外分布式電源發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,在分析西方國家憑借資金、技術(shù)優(yōu)勢在分布式電源發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,并對我國分布式電源發(fā)展的瓶頸之一機(jī)制問題進(jìn)行了分析。其次,分析了分布式電源建設(shè)引入合同能源管理的可行性,包括分布式電源建設(shè)具備實(shí)施合同能源管理的基礎(chǔ)條件、實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能量的計(jì)算和節(jié)能效益分享以及成熟的分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)等方面的保障。接著通過對節(jié)能服務(wù)公司、節(jié)能客戶和投資機(jī)構(gòu)三者之間的博弈分析,構(gòu)建了基于合作博弈理論的收益分配模型,并對分布式電源建設(shè)參與者利益問題進(jìn)行了積極探索,并通過實(shí)證研究,驗(yàn)證了該模型的可行性和有效性。最后,基于模型研究提出了運(yùn)用合同能源管理建設(shè)分布式電源的相應(yīng)機(jī)制,包括運(yùn)行管理機(jī)制、激勵(lì)約束機(jī)制、并網(wǎng)機(jī)制、保障機(jī)制,以及機(jī)制的系統(tǒng)整合。本文基于合作博弈理論和綜合評價(jià)方法研究得出的主要成果和相應(yīng)的機(jī)制建設(shè)體系,旨在采用合同能源管理新方式促進(jìn)我國分布式電源建設(shè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,同時(shí)對我國能源供應(yīng)體系的完善和能源使用效率的提高具有重要的研究實(shí)踐價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Energy is the pillar of the development of national economy, which is directly related to the national security. China will gradually establish a centralized and distributed energy supply system with a complete structure. The new electric power reform scheme puts forward "fully liberalizing the distributed power market at the user side" [1]. However, there are still many problems in the development of distributed power supply in our country, such as the lack of a comprehensive planning and implementation mechanism of the system. Lack of unified grid-connected operation norms and pricing mechanisms, lack of advanced technical equipment and R & D institutions, lack of scientific investment and income distribution programs and other aspects of the establishment and perfection. Especially as the installed capacity of distributed power supplies in China increases substantially in the next 10 to 20 years, there is an urgent need to effectively solve problems such as the above mentioned problems, in which the new mechanism of contract energy management is actively introduced. It is more helpful to carry out the national policy of energy saving and emission reduction, improve the economic benefit of energy and power enterprises, and effectively promote the improvement of energy use efficiency and sustainable development of energy and electricity market in China. Firstly, this paper analyzes the current situation of distributed power supply development at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of western countries' experience in the development of distributed power supply with capital and technical advantages, the paper also analyzes one of the bottlenecks in the development of distributed power supply in China. Secondly, the feasibility of introducing contract energy management into distributed power supply construction is analyzed, including the basic conditions of implementing contract energy management in distributed power supply construction. Energy-saving calculation and energy-saving benefit sharing as well as mature distributed power generation technology are realized. Then through the game analysis among energy-saving service companies, energy-saving customers and investment institutions, this paper constructs a profit distribution model based on cooperative game theory, and explores the interests of participants in distributed power supply construction actively. Through the empirical study, the feasibility and effectiveness of the model are verified. Finally, based on the model study, the corresponding mechanism of using contract energy management to construct distributed power supply is proposed, including operation management mechanism, incentive and restraint mechanism, grid connection mechanism, guarantee mechanism, and system integration of mechanism. Based on the main achievements of cooperative game theory and comprehensive evaluation method and the corresponding mechanism construction system, this paper aims to promote the sustainable development of distributed power supply construction in China by the new way of contract energy management. At the same time, it has important research and practice value to the perfection of energy supply system and the improvement of energy use efficiency in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F206;F426.61;F224.32

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