本文選題：可視化　切入點(diǎn)：圖布局　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著信息化時(shí)代的到來(lái),社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)、金融交易、生物網(wǎng)絡(luò)等復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)每天都產(chǎn)生著海量大規(guī)模的數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析和挖掘可以發(fā)現(xiàn)出許多有價(jià)值的信息。但是復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)目眾多,邊的關(guān)系也非常復(fù)雜,傳統(tǒng)的表格等文字表現(xiàn)方式無(wú)法滿足用戶對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)理解、挖掘的需求。網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖可視化以圖形的方式把網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖隱藏在數(shù)據(jù)里的信息快速直觀地加以展示,從而使人們更加深入地理解關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù),已成為近年來(lái)網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖數(shù)據(jù)分析的主要手段�，F(xiàn)有的圖布局可視化算法很多,各種圖布局算法在不同方面有優(yōu)有劣,圖布局的質(zhì)量在很大程度上影響了用戶對(duì)圖結(jié)構(gòu)的理解。一些可視化手段單純從技術(shù)角度進(jìn)行革新,而忽略了人類的認(rèn)知規(guī)律和心理映像,導(dǎo)致了很多可視化效果難以被用戶理解和接受的現(xiàn)象。從人類的感知出發(fā),對(duì)不同圖布局的直觀性和有效性進(jìn)行科學(xué)的評(píng)價(jià)能夠幫助用戶選擇出符合心理映像的圖布局,使其一眼看穿網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)背后的關(guān)系特征。因此,針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖的特點(diǎn),進(jìn)行考慮用戶感知屬性的圖布局評(píng)估和分析,具有很重要的理論與應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文提出了兩種對(duì)圖布局進(jìn)行評(píng)估分析的方法。首先針對(duì)用戶需要關(guān)注拓?fù)渲匾墓?jié)點(diǎn)的情形,結(jié)合視覺(jué)因素對(duì)圖布局效果的影響,提出了一種基于視覺(jué)感知的圖布局評(píng)估方法。具體地,基于用戶實(shí)驗(yàn)分析影響節(jié)點(diǎn)的視覺(jué)重要性的因子并設(shè)計(jì)模型對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)的視覺(jué)重要性進(jìn)行量化,通過(guò)對(duì)比節(jié)點(diǎn)的視覺(jué)重要性和拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)重要性之間的差異來(lái)評(píng)估圖布局的優(yōu)劣,一方面借助熱力圖來(lái)直觀地展示兩者之間的差異,另一方面通過(guò)計(jì)算精確得到差異值,選擇出更符合人類的視覺(jué)感知的圖布局算法。同時(shí),本文還提出了客觀的圖布局整體質(zhì)量評(píng)估方法。首先建立圖布局主觀質(zhì)量評(píng)分的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),請(qǐng)用戶通過(guò)主觀實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)不同圖布局效果進(jìn)行評(píng)分;接下來(lái)對(duì)于每一個(gè)圖布局,計(jì)算各個(gè)可能影響到圖布局效果的指標(biāo);最后,我們把圖布局中影響布局效果的指標(biāo)作為自變量,用戶對(duì)不同圖布局的主觀評(píng)分作為因變量,建立二者的回歸模型,通過(guò)回歸模型對(duì)一個(gè)圖布局進(jìn)行整體質(zhì)量評(píng)分。本文中的兩種圖布局評(píng)估方法具有不同的適用場(chǎng)景,通過(guò)文中提出的圖布局評(píng)估方法選取出符合用戶心理映像的圖布局,使其深入地理解圖中的特征信息。實(shí)驗(yàn)分析顯示出我們的方法與實(shí)際情況切合度很好。
[Abstract]:With the advent of the information age, social networks, financial transactions, biological networks and other complex networks produce massive and large-scale data every day. A lot of valuable information can be found by analyzing and mining the data of complex networks, but the number of nodes in complex networks is large, and the relationship between edges is very complex. The traditional representation methods such as tables can not meet the needs of users to understand and mine the network structure data. The information hidden in the data can be displayed quickly and intuitively by the visualization of network graph. So that people can understand the relational data more deeply, which has become the main means of network graph data analysis in recent years. There are many existing visualization algorithms for graph layout, and all kinds of graph layout algorithms have some advantages and disadvantages in different aspects. The quality of the layout greatly affects the user's understanding of the graph structure. Some visualization methods are innovated purely from a technical point of view, while ignoring the cognitive laws and psychological images of human beings. Many visualization effects are difficult to be understood and accepted by users. From the perspective of human perception, scientific evaluation of the intuitiveness and effectiveness of different map layout can help users to choose the map layout that conforms to the psychological image. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the network diagram, the graph layout evaluation and analysis considering the user-aware attributes are carried out. This paper presents two methods to evaluate and analyze the layout of the graph. Firstly, considering the situation where the user needs to pay attention to the important nodes of topology, combined with the influence of the visual factors on the effect of the layout of the graph, this paper proposes two methods to evaluate and analyze the layout of the graph. In this paper, a visual perception based graph layout evaluation method is proposed. Specifically, based on user experiments, the factors affecting the visual importance of nodes are analyzed and a model is designed to quantify the visual importance of nodes. By comparing the difference between the visual importance of nodes and the importance of topological structure, we evaluate the layout of the map. On the one hand, we can show the difference between the two by means of thermodynamic diagram, on the other hand, we can get the difference value by calculating accurately. This paper also proposes an objective method to evaluate the overall quality of map layout. Firstly, the database of subjective quality score of map layout is established. Users are asked to score different layout effects through subjective experiments; next, for each diagram layout, we calculate each index that may affect the layout effect. Finally, we take the index that affects the layout effect as an independent variable. The subjective score of different graph layout is taken as dependent variable, the regression model of them is established, and the overall quality of a graph layout is evaluated by regression model. The two evaluation methods of graph layout in this paper have different applicable scenarios. Through the graph layout evaluation method proposed in this paper, the graph layout which accords with the user's psychological image is selected, and the feature information in the graph is deeply understood. The experimental analysis shows that our method is very suitable to the actual situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O157.5

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本文編號(hào)：1674712