本文選題：火電企業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境效率　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電力工業(yè)既是促進(jìn)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè),也是非常重要的能源行業(yè),對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人們生活水平的提高具有十分重要的意義,但同時(shí)也是我國(guó)最主要的煤炭消耗行業(yè)和溫室氣體、氣態(tài)污染物的主要排放源,對(duì)環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面影響。電力生產(chǎn)與環(huán)境保護(hù)之間的矛盾不斷加劇,環(huán)保節(jié)能、減排降耗的形勢(shì)也趨于緊迫。在此背景下,研究和完善火電企業(yè)環(huán)境效率及其影響因素的相關(guān)問(wèn)題,不僅有助于全面、客觀(guān)地了解火電企業(yè)環(huán)境效率現(xiàn)狀,而且可以對(duì)火電企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排起到至關(guān)重要的作用,從而為制定火電企業(yè)環(huán)境政策以及實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)性發(fā)展提供主要依據(jù)。本文將火電企業(yè)環(huán)境效率的研究置于環(huán)境保護(hù)與火電企業(yè)發(fā)展的雙重視角下,基于火電企業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中排放的二氧化硫、二氧化碳等污染氣體,采用熵權(quán)法構(gòu)造了環(huán)境指數(shù),在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用考慮非期望產(chǎn)出的超效率SBM組合模型和Malmquist指數(shù)對(duì)河北、內(nèi)蒙、遼寧等省份調(diào)研得到的有代表性的15家火電企業(yè)2011-2015年間的環(huán)境效率進(jìn)行了靜態(tài)分析和動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)價(jià),并進(jìn)一步構(gòu)建Tobit回歸模型對(duì)影響火電企業(yè)環(huán)境效的因素進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。結(jié)果表明:在靜態(tài)環(huán)境效率分析中,采用超效率SBM與熵權(quán)法相結(jié)合的方法來(lái)處理考慮非期望產(chǎn)出的環(huán)境效率問(wèn)題,可以有效解決各決策單元(DMU)的完全排序。對(duì)15家火電企業(yè)進(jìn)行靜態(tài)環(huán)境效率分析顯示,在2011-2015年間總體環(huán)境效率水平不高,但環(huán)境效率有效的火電企業(yè)個(gè)數(shù)呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),火電企業(yè)的環(huán)境效率具有很大的改進(jìn)空間。在動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境效率分析中,15家火電企業(yè)的動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境效率在2011-2015年間大多數(shù)都得到了不同程度的改善,相對(duì)環(huán)境效率的提高和環(huán)境技術(shù)的改進(jìn)均有助于改善火電企業(yè)整體的環(huán)境效率水平。在本文所研究的對(duì)環(huán)境效率產(chǎn)生影響的因素中,燃煤效率、環(huán)境治理強(qiáng)度、發(fā)電機(jī)組產(chǎn)能利用率和火電企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)時(shí)間與環(huán)境效率呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān)的關(guān)系;發(fā)電機(jī)組容量利用率和發(fā)電機(jī)組役齡與環(huán)境效率呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)的關(guān)系。在上述分析結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,本文著重對(duì)提高我國(guó)火電企業(yè)環(huán)境效率提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策和建議。
[Abstract]:The electric power industry is not only the basic industry to promote the economic development of our country, but also the very important energy industry, which is of great significance to the development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standard. But at the same time, it is also the most important industry of coal consumption and greenhouse gas, the main emission source of gaseous pollutants, has caused serious negative impact on the environment, the contradiction between electric power production and environmental protection is becoming more and more serious, environmental protection and energy saving, The situation of reducing emissions and reducing consumption is also becoming urgent. Under this background, studying and perfecting the environmental efficiency of thermal power enterprises and its influencing factors are not only helpful to comprehensively and objectively understand the present situation of environmental efficiency of thermal power enterprises, And it can play a vital role in energy saving and emission reduction for thermal power enterprises. In this paper, the environmental efficiency of thermal power enterprises is put under the dual perspective of environmental protection and the development of thermal power enterprises. Based on the emission of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and other polluting gases in the production process of thermal power enterprises, the environmental index was constructed by entropy weight method. On this basis, the super-efficiency SBM combination model and Malmquist index were applied to Hebei and Inner Mongolia, which considered the non-expected output. The environmental efficiency of 15 representative thermal power enterprises from Liaoning and other provinces was analyzed statically and evaluated dynamically in 2011-2015. Furthermore, the Tobit regression model is constructed to analyze the factors that affect the environmental efficiency of thermal power enterprises. The results show that: in the static environmental efficiency analysis, Using the method of combining super-efficiency SBM with entropy weight method to deal with the environmental efficiency problem considering non-expected output can effectively solve the complete ranking of each decision making unit. The static environmental efficiency analysis of 15 thermal power enterprises shows that, In 2011-2015, the overall level of environmental efficiency is not high, but the number of thermal power enterprises with effective environmental efficiency shows an increasing trend. The environmental efficiency of thermal power enterprises has great room for improvement. In the dynamic environmental efficiency analysis, the dynamic environmental efficiency of 15 thermal power enterprises has been improved to some extent in 2011-2015. The improvement of relative environmental efficiency and the improvement of environmental technology are helpful to improve the environmental efficiency level of thermal power enterprises as a whole. There is a significant positive correlation between the capacity utilization ratio of generating units and the operating time of thermal power enterprises and the environmental efficiency. On the basis of the above analysis results, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to improve the environmental efficiency of thermal power enterprises in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X322;F426.61;F224

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