超寬帶MIMO天線的設(shè)計與研制
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-28 16:06
【摘要】：移動無線通信技術(shù)在本世紀(jì)革命性的發(fā)展,改變了人類的生活方式,人們對通信質(zhì)量與速率的要求隨之提高,對移動設(shè)備的輕巧便攜度的要求也越來越高。通訊系統(tǒng)能否正常工作一定程度上取決于天線性能的優(yōu)劣,天線技術(shù)的研究意義不言而喻。提高通信質(zhì)量與速率的兩個關(guān)鍵技術(shù)包括多輸入多輸出(Multiple Input Multiple Output;MIMO)技術(shù)和超寬帶(Ultra Wideband;UWB)技術(shù),將MIMO技術(shù)和UWB技術(shù)結(jié)合起來,實現(xiàn)了二者的優(yōu)缺互補。本文針對UWB-MIMO天線的高隔離度和小型化進(jìn)行了研究。具體工作分為以下幾個部分:1.總結(jié)了UWB和MIMO技術(shù)的理論基礎(chǔ)以及研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了UWB-MIMO天線的設(shè)計研究要領(lǐng),為接下來的工作奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。2.研究設(shè)計了一款雙極化UWB-MIMO天線;首先通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)槽天線更利于小型化,于是以槽天線為原型設(shè)計雙極化天線;接著對雙極化槽天線的開槽方式進(jìn)行了分析,為了進(jìn)一步減小尺寸選擇了在共面地上開槽的方法,通過此方法使天線面積減小了30%;為了天線單元能夠獨立工作,又設(shè)計了箭頭型的隔離結(jié)構(gòu)和L型匹配枝節(jié),使得最終實現(xiàn)天線的工作在3.1GHz-10.6GHz完全符合超寬帶頻段而又不超出,非常適合用于超寬帶系統(tǒng)而無需濾波器件,可以降低了設(shè)計復(fù)雜度節(jié)省預(yù)算,而天線的隔離度最終也達(dá)到在工作頻段高于20dB的效果,經(jīng)過測試發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果與用CST仿真軟件得到的仿真結(jié)果基本吻合,實現(xiàn)了設(shè)計初衷。3.研究設(shè)計了具有陷波功能的UWB-MIMO天線;首先研究了單極子天線的小型化方法,采用半切法減小了天線的尺寸;為了避免通訊系統(tǒng)間的相互干擾,研究了設(shè)計阻帶的方法,通過在輻射貼片上蝕刻C型槽實現(xiàn)了WLAN頻段的阻帶,調(diào)節(jié)天線輻射貼片的尺寸,使得天線低頻提高到3.7GHz,直接隔絕了WiMax頻段;為了應(yīng)用于MIMO通信系統(tǒng),將單極子天線組成了MIMO天線,通過仿真分析了天線的布局方式對隔離度的影響;為了進(jìn)一步提高隔離度,設(shè)計了平面螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),天線的隔離度提高到了20dB以上;為了提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率更好的應(yīng)用于MIMO系統(tǒng),設(shè)計了四單元的單極子UWB-MIMO天線,在介質(zhì)板背面中心設(shè)置了一個曲邊菱形,提高了相對天線單元的隔離度,最終四個端口互相的隔離度都高于20dB。加工測試后與仿真結(jié)果對比幾乎一致,說明設(shè)計方法得到了很好的實現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The revolutionary development of mobile wireless communication technology in this century has changed the way of life of human beings. With the improvement of communication quality and speed, the requirement of light portability of mobile devices is getting higher and higher. Whether the communication system can work properly depends on the performance of the antenna to a certain extent, and the research significance of antenna technology is self-evident. The two key technologies to improve communication quality and rate include multi-input multi-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output;MIMO technology and ultra-broadband (Ultra Wideband;UWB) technology. MIMO technology and UWB technology are combined to realize the complementary advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies. In this paper, the high isolation and miniaturization of UWB-MIMO antenna are studied. The specific work is divided into the following parts: 1. The theoretical basis and research status of UWB and MIMO technology are summarized, and the design and research essentials of UWB-MIMO antenna are analyzed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the next work. 2. A dual polarization UWB-MIMO antenna is studied and designed. Firstly, it is found that the slot antenna is more suitable for miniaturization, so the dual polarization antenna is designed based on the slot antenna. Then, the slot mode of the dual polarization slot antenna is analyzed. In order to further reduce the size, the slot method on the coplanar ground is selected, and the antenna area is reduced by 30%. In order to work independently, the arrow isolation structure and L-type matching branch are designed, so that the antenna work in 3.1GHz-10.6GHz is completely in line with the ultra-broadband band without exceeding. It is very suitable for ultra-broadband system without filtering devices, which can reduce the design complexity and save the budget, and the isolation of the antenna can finally achieve the effect that the antenna is higher than 20dB in the working frequency band. After testing, it is found that the results are in good agreement with the simulation results obtained by CST simulation software, and the original intention of the design is realized. The UWB-MIMO antenna with notch function is studied and designed. Firstly, the miniaturization method of monopole antenna is studied, and the size of the antenna is reduced by semi-tangent method. In order to avoid the mutual interference between communication systems, the method of designing stopband is studied, the stopband of WLAN band is realized by etched C slot on the radiation patch, the size of antenna radiation patch is adjusted, the low frequency of antenna is increased to 3.7 GHz, and the WiMax band is directly isolated. In order to apply to MIMO communication system, the monopole antenna is composed of MIMO antenna, and the influence of antenna layout on isolation degree is analyzed by simulation. In order to further improve the isolation degree, a planar spiral structure is designed, and the isolation degree of antenna is increased to above 20dB. In order to improve the data transmission rate, a four-element monopole UWB-MIMO antenna is designed. A curved edge diamond is set in the center of the back of the dielectric plate, which improves the isolation degree of the relative antenna element. Finally, the isolation degree of the four ports is higher than 20 dB. After machining and testing, the results are almost consistent with the simulation results, which shows that the design method has been well realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN822
本文編號：2507432
[Abstract]:The revolutionary development of mobile wireless communication technology in this century has changed the way of life of human beings. With the improvement of communication quality and speed, the requirement of light portability of mobile devices is getting higher and higher. Whether the communication system can work properly depends on the performance of the antenna to a certain extent, and the research significance of antenna technology is self-evident. The two key technologies to improve communication quality and rate include multi-input multi-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output;MIMO technology and ultra-broadband (Ultra Wideband;UWB) technology. MIMO technology and UWB technology are combined to realize the complementary advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies. In this paper, the high isolation and miniaturization of UWB-MIMO antenna are studied. The specific work is divided into the following parts: 1. The theoretical basis and research status of UWB and MIMO technology are summarized, and the design and research essentials of UWB-MIMO antenna are analyzed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the next work. 2. A dual polarization UWB-MIMO antenna is studied and designed. Firstly, it is found that the slot antenna is more suitable for miniaturization, so the dual polarization antenna is designed based on the slot antenna. Then, the slot mode of the dual polarization slot antenna is analyzed. In order to further reduce the size, the slot method on the coplanar ground is selected, and the antenna area is reduced by 30%. In order to work independently, the arrow isolation structure and L-type matching branch are designed, so that the antenna work in 3.1GHz-10.6GHz is completely in line with the ultra-broadband band without exceeding. It is very suitable for ultra-broadband system without filtering devices, which can reduce the design complexity and save the budget, and the isolation of the antenna can finally achieve the effect that the antenna is higher than 20dB in the working frequency band. After testing, it is found that the results are in good agreement with the simulation results obtained by CST simulation software, and the original intention of the design is realized. The UWB-MIMO antenna with notch function is studied and designed. Firstly, the miniaturization method of monopole antenna is studied, and the size of the antenna is reduced by semi-tangent method. In order to avoid the mutual interference between communication systems, the method of designing stopband is studied, the stopband of WLAN band is realized by etched C slot on the radiation patch, the size of antenna radiation patch is adjusted, the low frequency of antenna is increased to 3.7 GHz, and the WiMax band is directly isolated. In order to apply to MIMO communication system, the monopole antenna is composed of MIMO antenna, and the influence of antenna layout on isolation degree is analyzed by simulation. In order to further improve the isolation degree, a planar spiral structure is designed, and the isolation degree of antenna is increased to above 20dB. In order to improve the data transmission rate, a four-element monopole UWB-MIMO antenna is designed. A curved edge diamond is set in the center of the back of the dielectric plate, which improves the isolation degree of the relative antenna element. Finally, the isolation degree of the four ports is higher than 20 dB. After machining and testing, the results are almost consistent with the simulation results, which shows that the design method has been well realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN822
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 殷勤業(yè),張瑩,丁樂,孟銀闊;協(xié)作分集:一種新的空域分集技術(shù)[J];西安交通大學(xué)學(xué)報;2005年06期
，本文編號：2507432
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