發(fā)布時間：2019-06-20 22:57

【摘要】：隨著科技的發(fā)展、硬件芯片和軟件技術(shù)的革新無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)逐漸普及人類生活的各個方面。歐美國家從本世紀(jì)初已經(jīng)普及家用儀表遠(yuǎn)程抄寫,目前國內(nèi)各大儀表廠商和氣熱公司也在致力于研發(fā)面向自動抄表的無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)。本課題從供電、成本、系統(tǒng)可靠性、故障檢測、系統(tǒng)可用性等方面對現(xiàn)有的無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)方案進(jìn)行對比,論述了現(xiàn)有解決方案分別存在的問題提出了電池供電、射頻通信、完全自組網(wǎng)的自動抄表無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方案。論文概括了面向自動抄表無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)膰鴥?nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,對自動抄表系統(tǒng)的特點進(jìn)行總結(jié),對系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用場景進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述;然后結(jié)合其儀表抄寫的數(shù)據(jù)量小、周期性等特點對系統(tǒng)需求進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,并對系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題進(jìn)行闡述,提出自己的技術(shù)路線。論文介紹了基于6LowPAN的自組網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)的總體架構(gòu)方案,并對系統(tǒng)各部分進(jìn)行功能分解和詳細(xì)介紹。針對無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)的雙向傳輸功能,本文對系統(tǒng)通信架構(gòu)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計并提出了設(shè)計方案,確保無線數(shù)據(jù)端到端可靠性;另外,考慮到系統(tǒng)的部署環(huán)境問題,為了方便用戶在部署和故障調(diào)試時對無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行配置控制和狀態(tài)查看,本文對無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)集中控制器部分進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計,并從系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用便捷性角度出發(fā)提出構(gòu)建無線AP并搭建web服務(wù)器的方式方便移動設(shè)備接入集中器進(jìn)行無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制。本課題中對系統(tǒng)的硬件進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計并給出了無線模塊和集中器設(shè)備的詳細(xì)構(gòu)成和外圍電路圖,同時也詳細(xì)介紹了軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計思路,并對上行下行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸給出了合理的應(yīng)用層數(shù)據(jù)傳輸協(xié)議。本課題設(shè)計和開發(fā)過程中統(tǒng)籌考慮了系統(tǒng)長周期運(yùn)行的可靠性和實際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中產(chǎn)品的批量生產(chǎn)、部署、調(diào)試等問題。為了保障系統(tǒng)的長周期穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行采用了一系列的方法和技術(shù),包括6LowPAN網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)測和網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制、Supervisor進(jìn)程監(jiān)控、基于紅外的診斷調(diào)試方法等。集中器的硬件選擇、電路設(shè)計和軟件構(gòu)建都考慮到了系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和系統(tǒng)斷電、宕機(jī)等異常情況。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the innovation of hardware chip and software technology wireless network technology gradually popularizes all aspects of human life. European and American countries have popularized remote copying of household instruments since the beginning of this century. At present, domestic instrument manufacturers and gas and heat companies are also committed to the development of wireless data transmission system for automatic meter reading. In this paper, the existing wireless data transmission system schemes are compared from the aspects of power supply, cost, system reliability, fault detection, system availability and so on, and the existing solutions are discussed respectively. the automatic meter reading wireless data transmission scheme of battery power supply, radio frequency communication and complete ad hoc network is put forward. This paper summarizes the research status of wireless data transmission for automatic meter reading at home and abroad, summarizes the characteristics of automatic meter reading system, describes the application scene of the system in detail, and then analyzes the system requirements in detail according to the characteristics of small amount of data and periodicity of instrument copying, and expounds the key technical problems of the system, and puts forward its own technical route. In this paper, the overall architecture of ad hoc network data transmission system based on 6LowPAN is introduced, and each part of the system is decomposed and introduced in detail. Aiming at the bidirectional transmission function of wireless data transmission system, this paper designs the communication architecture of the system in detail and puts forward a design scheme to ensure the end-to-end reliability of wireless data. In addition, considering the deployment environment of the system, in order to facilitate users to configure and control the wireless network during deployment and fault debugging, this paper designs the wireless network centralized controller in detail, and proposes a way to construct wireless AP and build web server to facilitate mobile device access concentrator for wireless network control from the point of view of system application convenience. In this paper, the hardware of the system is designed in detail, and the detailed composition and peripheral circuit diagram of the wireless module and concentrator equipment are given. at the same time, the design idea of the software system is introduced in detail, and a reasonable application layer data transmission protocol for uplink and downlink data transmission is given. In the process of design and development, the reliability of the long cycle operation of the system and the mass production, deployment and debugging of the products in the actual industrial production are considered as a whole. In order to ensure the long period stable operation of the system, a series of methods and techniques are adopted, including 6LowPAN network monitoring and network control, Supervisor process monitoring, infrared based diagnosis and debugging methods and so on. The hardware selection, circuit design and software construction of the concentrator all take into account the system stability, system power outage, outage and other anomalies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN919.6

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