干旱和鹽堿脅迫下玉米幼苗葉片光電信號的采集與分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-03 10:27
【摘要】：干旱和鹽堿脅迫是植物在自然環(huán)境中遭遇的最常見的滲透脅迫,研究植物對這兩種滲透脅迫的應答機制對植物抗逆性研究具有重要意義。植物細胞在生命活動中會產(chǎn)生自發(fā)光子輻射和延遲光子輻射,這些發(fā)光信號是細胞生命活動的重要信息,研究和解讀植物發(fā)光信號的規(guī)律和意義有可能為評價干旱和鹽堿脅迫下細胞生命狀態(tài)及其系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部功能變化提供一種無損、高效的光學活檢新技術(shù)。在生命活動中,植物內(nèi)部還存在電位波動,對植物電位波動信號的解讀也可能為干旱和鹽堿脅迫下植物細胞功能狀態(tài)及其代謝調(diào)節(jié)提供一種可以實時、在位和無損傷檢測的新方法。為了研究和解讀干旱和鹽堿脅迫下植物葉片光電信號,本文采用滲透勢為-O.1MPa的PEG-6000溶液、濃度為lOOmmol/L的NaCl溶液和pH值為9.09的混合鹽堿溶液分別對玉米幼苗進行干旱、單鹽和鹽堿脅迫,分析了該脅迫環(huán)境下的玉米幼苗葉片的自發(fā)光子輻射、延遲光子輻射和葉片表面電位波動信號的特征及其變化規(guī)律,同時測量和分析了玉米葉片生理生化指標的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),干旱、NaCl脅迫和鹽堿脅迫都會造成玉米葉片自發(fā)光子輻射的減小,延遲光子輻射中的動力學參數(shù)初始光子數(shù)I0、衰減參數(shù)β、相干時間τ和延遲光子輻射積分強度I(T)均出現(xiàn)了下降的趨勢,表明葉片的光合作用能力和呼吸代謝受到了抑制,細胞內(nèi)各功能分子之間的相互作用減弱。結(jié)果還表明,玉米葉片表面電位波動在頻譜上具有確定的規(guī)律性,其可以通過邊際譜特征參數(shù)邊緣頻率SEF、重心頻率SCF和邊際譜熵MSE定量表征;在干旱和鹽堿脅迫過程中,玉米葉片的SEF、SCF和MSE均出現(xiàn)了持續(xù)波動的變化特征,干旱和鹽堿脅迫使玉米葉片電信號的邊際譜向低頻段移動,表明葉片細胞群電生理活動受到了抑制,不同品種的玉米幼苗所受到的鹽堿脅迫的抑制程度不盡相同。為了闡明干旱和鹽堿脅迫下玉米幼苗葉片光電信號變化的生物學意義,本文還研究了干旱處理下玉米幼苗葉片鮮質(zhì)量、葉綠素含量以及MDA含量的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在干旱脅迫下,玉米幼苗葉片的質(zhì)量、葉綠素含量出現(xiàn)下降的趨勢,MDA含量則大幅度增加,表明干旱脅迫影響了玉米幼苗的正常生長,使得玉米葉片中葉綠素含量降低和MDA含量的增加,后者可能是干旱脅迫下玉米葉片光子輻射降低和玉米葉片電信號向低頻段移動的原因。上述研究結(jié)果為逆境下植物細胞功能狀態(tài)的變化和植物抗逆性的定量、無損和實時在位檢測奠定了基礎(chǔ)。近年來,極低頻脈沖電場(ELF-PEF)生物學效應引起重視,其有可能為物理農(nóng)業(yè)提供一種新技術(shù)。為此,作為研究的拓展,本文還研究了 ELF-PEF對玉米幼苗抗旱性的影響,及基于植物發(fā)光信號定量和快速評價ELF-PEF對玉米幼苗抗旱性影響的可行性,研究結(jié)果為開發(fā)利用物理技術(shù)提高農(nóng)業(yè)水平及植物無損檢測技術(shù)提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Drought and saline-alkali stress are the most common osmotic stress encountered by plants in the natural environment, and the research on the response mechanism of the plants to the two kinds of osmotic stress is of great significance to the research of plant stress resistance. plant cells generate spontaneous photon radiation and delayed photon radiation in vital activity, which are important information for cell life activities, The study and interpretation of the law and significance of the plant luminescence signal may provide a non-destructive and efficient optical biopsy technique for evaluating the life state of the cells under drought and saline-alkali stress and the changes in the internal function of the system. In the life activity, there is a potential fluctuation in the plant, and the interpretation of the plant potential fluctuation signal may also provide a new method for real-time, in-place and non-invasive detection of the functional state and the metabolism of the plant cells under drought and saline-alkali stress. In order to study and interpret the photoelectrical signals of plant leaves under drought and saline-alkali stress, a PEG-6000 solution with an osmotic potential of-O. 1MPa, a NaCl solution with a concentration of lOOmmol/ L and a mixed saline-alkali solution with a pH of 9.09 were used to study the drought, single salt and saline-alkali stress of the corn seedlings, respectively. The spontaneous photon radiation of maize seedling leaves under the stress environment, the characteristic of delayed photon radiation and the wave signal of the surface potential of the blade were analyzed, and the change of the physiological and biochemical indexes of the maize leaves was also measured and analyzed. The results show that drought, NaCl stress and saline-alkali stress can lead to the decrease of the spontaneous photon radiation of the maize leaves, and the initial photon number I0, the attenuation parameter, the coherence time and the delayed photon radiation integral intensity I (T) of the delayed photon radiation have decreased. It is shown that the photosynthetic capacity and respiratory metabolism of the leaves are inhibited, and the interaction between the functional molecules in the cell is reduced. The results also show that the surface potential fluctuation of the corn leaves has a certain regularity in the frequency spectrum, which can be quantitatively characterized by the edge frequency SEF, the center of gravity frequency SCF and the marginal spectrum entropy MSE of the marginal spectrum characteristic parameters, and the SEF of the corn leaves during the drought and the saline-alkali stress process, Both the SCF and the MSE have the characteristics of continuous fluctuation, and the marginal spectrum of the electric signal of the maize leaves is shifted to the low-frequency section by the drought and the saline-alkali stress, indicating that the electrophysiologic activity of the leaf cells is inhibited, and the degree of inhibition of the saline-alkali stress of the maize seedlings of different varieties is different. In order to elucidate the biological significance of the photosignal changes of maize seedling leaves under drought and saline-alkali stress, the changes of fresh quality, chlorophyll content and MDA content of maize seedling leaves under drought treatment are also studied. The results showed that, under the drought stress, the quality of the leaves of the maize seedlings and the decrease of the content of the chlorophyll, the content of MDA increased greatly, indicating that the drought stress affected the normal growth of the corn seedlings, so that the content of chlorophyll and the content of MDA in the corn leaves increased, The latter may be the cause of the lower photon radiation and the movement of the maize leaf electrical signal to the low frequency section under drought stress. The results showed that the change of the functional state of the plant cells and the quantitative, non-destructive and real-time in-place detection of the plant cells in the event of adversity lay the foundation. In recent years, the biological effect of extremely low-frequency pulsed electric field (ELF-PEF) has been paid attention, and it is possible to provide a new technology for the physical agriculture. To this end, the effect of ELF-PEF on drought resistance of maize seedlings was also studied, and the effects of ELF-PEF on drought resistance of maize seedlings were also studied. The results of the study provide a reference for the development and utilization of physical technology to improve the agricultural level and the non-destructive testing technology of plants.
【學位授予單位】：西安理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513;TN911.6
本文編號：2491875
[Abstract]:Drought and saline-alkali stress are the most common osmotic stress encountered by plants in the natural environment, and the research on the response mechanism of the plants to the two kinds of osmotic stress is of great significance to the research of plant stress resistance. plant cells generate spontaneous photon radiation and delayed photon radiation in vital activity, which are important information for cell life activities, The study and interpretation of the law and significance of the plant luminescence signal may provide a non-destructive and efficient optical biopsy technique for evaluating the life state of the cells under drought and saline-alkali stress and the changes in the internal function of the system. In the life activity, there is a potential fluctuation in the plant, and the interpretation of the plant potential fluctuation signal may also provide a new method for real-time, in-place and non-invasive detection of the functional state and the metabolism of the plant cells under drought and saline-alkali stress. In order to study and interpret the photoelectrical signals of plant leaves under drought and saline-alkali stress, a PEG-6000 solution with an osmotic potential of-O. 1MPa, a NaCl solution with a concentration of lOOmmol/ L and a mixed saline-alkali solution with a pH of 9.09 were used to study the drought, single salt and saline-alkali stress of the corn seedlings, respectively. The spontaneous photon radiation of maize seedling leaves under the stress environment, the characteristic of delayed photon radiation and the wave signal of the surface potential of the blade were analyzed, and the change of the physiological and biochemical indexes of the maize leaves was also measured and analyzed. The results show that drought, NaCl stress and saline-alkali stress can lead to the decrease of the spontaneous photon radiation of the maize leaves, and the initial photon number I0, the attenuation parameter, the coherence time and the delayed photon radiation integral intensity I (T) of the delayed photon radiation have decreased. It is shown that the photosynthetic capacity and respiratory metabolism of the leaves are inhibited, and the interaction between the functional molecules in the cell is reduced. The results also show that the surface potential fluctuation of the corn leaves has a certain regularity in the frequency spectrum, which can be quantitatively characterized by the edge frequency SEF, the center of gravity frequency SCF and the marginal spectrum entropy MSE of the marginal spectrum characteristic parameters, and the SEF of the corn leaves during the drought and the saline-alkali stress process, Both the SCF and the MSE have the characteristics of continuous fluctuation, and the marginal spectrum of the electric signal of the maize leaves is shifted to the low-frequency section by the drought and the saline-alkali stress, indicating that the electrophysiologic activity of the leaf cells is inhibited, and the degree of inhibition of the saline-alkali stress of the maize seedlings of different varieties is different. In order to elucidate the biological significance of the photosignal changes of maize seedling leaves under drought and saline-alkali stress, the changes of fresh quality, chlorophyll content and MDA content of maize seedling leaves under drought treatment are also studied. The results showed that, under the drought stress, the quality of the leaves of the maize seedlings and the decrease of the content of the chlorophyll, the content of MDA increased greatly, indicating that the drought stress affected the normal growth of the corn seedlings, so that the content of chlorophyll and the content of MDA in the corn leaves increased, The latter may be the cause of the lower photon radiation and the movement of the maize leaf electrical signal to the low frequency section under drought stress. The results showed that the change of the functional state of the plant cells and the quantitative, non-destructive and real-time in-place detection of the plant cells in the event of adversity lay the foundation. In recent years, the biological effect of extremely low-frequency pulsed electric field (ELF-PEF) has been paid attention, and it is possible to provide a new technology for the physical agriculture. To this end, the effect of ELF-PEF on drought resistance of maize seedlings was also studied, and the effects of ELF-PEF on drought resistance of maize seedlings were also studied. The results of the study provide a reference for the development and utilization of physical technology to improve the agricultural level and the non-destructive testing technology of plants.
【學位授予單位】：西安理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513;TN911.6
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