發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-12 10:16

【摘要】：量子隱形傳態(tài)一直是量子信息科學(xué)的重要研究?jī)?nèi)容之一,量子糾纏態(tài)預(yù)先分發(fā)、獨(dú)立量子源干涉和前置反饋是其三個(gè)關(guān)鍵要素.量子隱形傳態(tài)的原理是利用糾纏量子態(tài),在兩個(gè)粒子分隔兩地的情況下,將某一粒子的未知量子態(tài)在另一粒子上還原出來(lái).這一技術(shù)在無(wú)條件安全的情況下實(shí)現(xiàn)了量子態(tài)的傳輸,因此其在量子信息通信領(lǐng)域具有極其重要的地位.圍繞這一研究方向,本文利用相關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)工具做了如下三個(gè)方面的工作:1.基于超糾纏的雙向量子隱形傳態(tài).與潘建偉院士帶領(lǐng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的多自由度量子隱形傳態(tài)不同,該協(xié)議只是將通信信道替換成超糾纏態(tài),而傳輸?shù)牧孔討B(tài)仍然是單自由度上的.因此,其測(cè)量與酉操作過(guò)程的物理實(shí)現(xiàn)難度極大地低于多自由度隱形傳態(tài).該協(xié)議中,通訊雙方共享一個(gè)超糾纏貝爾態(tài),借助其兩個(gè)自由度上的糾纏關(guān)系,分別向?qū)Ψ絺魉鸵粋�(gè)單量子態(tài).僅用兩個(gè)粒子即可實(shí)現(xiàn)雙向量子態(tài)的傳輸,這充分體現(xiàn)了將超糾纏態(tài)作為通信信道的優(yōu)勢(shì).2.概率隱形傳態(tài)的噪聲分析.在量子隱形傳輸過(guò)程中,量子噪聲是不可避免的影響因素.以兩粒子的概率量子隱形傳態(tài)為例,詳細(xì)計(jì)算了噪聲影響下的量子隱形傳態(tài)系統(tǒng)的保真度.探索量子噪聲與系統(tǒng)保真度之間的關(guān)系.計(jì)算與分析結(jié)果對(duì)于隱形傳態(tài)的方案設(shè)計(jì)和信道選取都有非常重要的意義.3.噪聲影響下量子可控隱形傳態(tài)的控制度分析.量子可控隱形傳態(tài)中,控制度是非常重要的因素,一方面它決定了隱形傳態(tài)是否具有有效的可控性,另一方面它也刻畫(huà)了控制方控制程度的大小.基于GHZ態(tài)任意單粒子的可控隱形傳態(tài)是恰好具有可控性的傳態(tài)方案,在該方案的基礎(chǔ)上,計(jì)算分析了量子噪聲影響下控制度的變化.計(jì)算過(guò)程使用了平均保真度來(lái)刻畫(huà)控制度,同時(shí)引入了相對(duì)控制度的概念,詳細(xì)討論了噪聲與控制度之間的量化關(guān)系.
[Abstract]:Quantum teleportation has always been one of the important research contents in quantum information science. Quantum entangled states are pre-distributed and independent quantum source interference and pre-feedback are the three key elements. The principle of quantum teleportation is that the unknown quantum state of one particle is reduced on the other particle by entangled quantum state, in which two particles separate the two places and the unknown quantum state of one particle is reduced to the other particle. This technology realizes the transmission of quantum states under the condition of unconditional security, so it plays a very important role in the field of quantum information communication. Based on this research direction, this paper makes use of the relevant mathematical tools to do the following three aspects of work: 1. Two-way quantum teleportation based on hyperentanglement. Unlike the multi-degree-of-freedom quantum teleportation implemented by Academician Pan Jianwei's team, the protocol only replaces the communication channel with a hyperentangled state, and the quantum state transmitted is still on a single-degree-of-freedom basis. Therefore, the physical realization of the measurement and unitary operation process is much less difficult than the multi-degree-of-freedom teleportation. In this protocol, the communication parties share a super-entangled Bell state and transmit a single quantum state to each other by means of the entanglement relation between the two degrees of freedom. The transmission of two-way quantum states can be realized with only two particles, which fully reflects the advantage of hyperentangled state as a communication channel. Noise analysis of probabilistic teleportation. In the process of quantum teleportation, quantum noise is an inevitable factor. Taking the probabilistic quantum teleportation of two particles as an example, the fidelity of the quantum teleportation system affected by noise is calculated in detail. The relationship between quantum noise and system fidelity is explored. The results of calculation and analysis are very important for the scheme design and channel selection of teleportation. 3. The control regime analysis of quantum controllable teleportation under the influence of noise. In quantum controllable teleportation, the control system is a very important factor. On the one hand, it determines whether the teleportation has an effective controllability, on the other hand, it also characterizes the degree of control by the controlling party. The controllable teleportation of any single particle in GHz state is a controllable scheme. On the basis of this scheme, the variation of the control regime under the influence of quantum noise is calculated and analyzed. The average fidelity is used to describe the control system, and the concept of relative control system is introduced. The quantitative relationship between noise and control system is discussed in detail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O413;TN918

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