本文選題：人類回聲定位 + 聽覺系統(tǒng)　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：回聲定位是人類的一項(xiàng)基本認(rèn)知功能,每個(gè)人都有利用回聲感知周圍環(huán)境的潛能。研究人類回聲定位,不僅可以讓人們對(duì)自身這一基本認(rèn)知能力有更清楚的認(rèn)識(shí),還可以提出一類新的面向環(huán)境感知的信號(hào)處理方法,進(jìn)而可為研制便攜式回聲定位裝置提供一定的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。本文以心理學(xué)、生理學(xué)、解剖學(xué)等行為學(xué)科為背景,重點(diǎn)研究了人類回聲定位的生物機(jī)理和信號(hào)處理機(jī)制,構(gòu)建了完整的人類回聲定位系統(tǒng)模型,并針對(duì)幾種典型的感知場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行了模擬與分析。論文主要工作可總結(jié)如下:1)研究了聲學(xué)后向散射的機(jī)理,給出了目標(biāo)聲音信號(hào)數(shù)學(xué)模型,并將目標(biāo)建模的信號(hào)與實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)采集的信號(hào)相比較,驗(yàn)證了模型的正確性。2)研究了人類聽覺系統(tǒng)的生理結(jié)構(gòu)及其各部分在聲音傳播和感知過程中的作用,實(shí)現(xiàn)了外耳中耳數(shù)學(xué)模型、基底膜數(shù)學(xué)模型、內(nèi)毛細(xì)胞—聽神經(jīng)數(shù)學(xué)模型、聽覺中樞數(shù)學(xué)模型,四個(gè)模塊連接起來,構(gòu)建出了完整的聽覺系統(tǒng)模型,并對(duì)模型的各模塊輸出信號(hào)進(jìn)行仿真。3)將目標(biāo)建模模塊和聽覺系統(tǒng)模塊級(jí)聯(lián),構(gòu)建了完整的人類聽覺系統(tǒng)模型,并對(duì)模型的各環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行仿真。4)針對(duì)三種典型的感知場(chǎng)景:距離檢測(cè)、方向定位以及形狀識(shí)別,分別采用目標(biāo)建模信號(hào)和實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)采集信號(hào)作為人類聽覺系統(tǒng)模型的輸入,對(duì)系統(tǒng)模型的輸出信號(hào)進(jìn)行了分析,分別采用pitch感知模型和神經(jīng)元發(fā)放率兩種方法提取信號(hào)特征,實(shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)距離和方位的測(cè)量,以及形狀的感知與識(shí)別。
[Abstract]:Echolocation is a basic cognitive function of human beings. The study of human echolocation can not only make people have a clearer understanding of their own basic cognitive ability, but also provide a new kind of signal processing method for environmental perception. It can provide some theoretical basis and technical support for the development of portable echolocation device. In this paper, the biological mechanism and signal processing mechanism of human echolocation are studied in the background of psychology, physiology, anatomy and other behavioral disciplines, and a complete human echolocation system model is constructed. Several typical perceptual scenes are simulated and analyzed. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows: (1) the mechanism of acoustic backscattering is studied, the mathematical model of target sound signal is given, and the target modeling signal is compared with the signal collected by the experimental system. The correctness of the model is verified. 2) the physiological structure of the human auditory system and its role in sound transmission and perception are studied. The mathematical model of the middle ear of the outer ear, the mathematical model of the basement membrane, the mathematical model of the inner hair cell and the auditory nerve are realized. The mathematical model of auditory center is connected with four modules to construct a complete auditory system model, and the output signals of each module of the model are simulated. 3) the target modeling module and the auditory system module are cascaded. A complete human auditory system model is constructed, and each link of the model is simulated. 4) aiming at three typical perceptual scenes: distance detection, direction location and shape recognition, The target modeling signal and the experimental system acquisition signal are used as the input of the human auditory system model, the output signals of the system model are analyzed, and the signal features are extracted by the pitch perceptual model and the neuron emitter rate, respectively. The measurement of target distance and azimuth as well as the perception and recognition of shape are realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN912.3

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本文編號(hào)：1894721