本文選題：FMICW + 距離模糊　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高頻地波雷達需要設定信號參數(shù)去滿足各種戰(zhàn)術指標,對于遠距離電離層回波折疊干擾問題需要保證選擇的信號體制具有較大的不模糊距離。調(diào)頻斷續(xù)波是高頻地波雷達的一種信號形式,能解決雷達系統(tǒng)收發(fā)隔離問題,但是由于受矩形脈沖的截斷其常規(guī)信號處理會帶來目標距離模糊;對于遠距離回波混疊問題,調(diào)頻斷續(xù)波如果僅僅通過增大脈沖重復周期會帶來發(fā)射平均功率的損失,影響雷達系統(tǒng)的作用距離。所以我們需要針對調(diào)頻斷續(xù)波自身特點和外部戰(zhàn)場環(huán)境選擇合適的處理手段和波形設計方法解決目前的問題。對于波形設計和算法的性能,傳統(tǒng)的驗證手段具有周期長、成本高等缺點,研究雷達信號處理的半實物仿真系統(tǒng),有助于快速驗證算法的有效性。下面是本文的主要研究內(nèi)容:本文首先從調(diào)頻斷續(xù)波信號入手,給出了基于均勻脈沖截斷線性調(diào)頻信號的公式,研究了雷達目標信息提取的理論方法,并得出了FMICW信號體制下常規(guī)信號處理帶來距離模糊現(xiàn)象的結論,然后進一步分析研究了解決距離模糊的方法,最后研究了測距范圍和時域測距模糊的概念。而后主要研究了基于信號設計的FMICW信號抗遠距離回波混疊問題。給出了雷達系統(tǒng)參數(shù)設置的基本要求,然后根據(jù)正交編碼的特點,研究相位編碼信號回波信號處理的基本理論。FMICW信號通過疊加正交編碼,解決了抗遠距離回波混疊問題,進一步研究分析了基于優(yōu)化算法的正交編碼設計。之后主要研究雷達信號模擬系統(tǒng)軟件平臺的設計和實現(xiàn),從軟件系統(tǒng)的總體設計到各個模塊的流程設計來確定軟件平臺的框架,軟件系統(tǒng)以C#和MATLAB混合編程實現(xiàn)信號波形編輯和信號的下載,通過SCPI以及.API接口函數(shù)實現(xiàn)波形驗證和信號的采集。最后研究了各個硬件模塊的性能指標和功能,從雷達波形合成技術和雷達信號產(chǎn)生技術出發(fā)完成了半實物仿真系統(tǒng)硬件平臺的搭建,然后將系統(tǒng)軟件控制平臺和基于通用儀表的硬件平臺結合起來從而驗證了波形的正確性,處理采集到的真實信號驗證了基于波形設計的FMICW信號抗遠距離回波混疊算法具有較好的效果。搭建了基于System Vue的半實物仿真測試平臺來為雷達系統(tǒng)測試提供更先進的手段。
[Abstract]:High frequency ground wave radar needs to set signal parameters to meet various tactical targets and to ensure that the selected signal system has a large unambiguous distance for the remote ionospheric echo folding interference problem. Frequency modulation intermittent wave is a signal form of high frequency ground wave radar, which can solve the problem of receiving and receiving isolation of radar system. However, because of the truncation of rectangular pulse, the conventional signal processing will bring the target distance ambiguity. If the frequency modulation intermittent wave only increases the pulse repetition period, it will bring about the loss of the average transmitting power and affect the range of the radar system. Therefore, we need to select appropriate processing methods and waveform design methods to solve the current problems according to the characteristics of frequency modulation intermittent waves and the external battlefield environment. For waveform design and algorithm performance, the traditional verification method has the disadvantages of long period and high cost. It is helpful to study the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for radar signal processing to quickly verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The following is the main content of this paper: firstly, the formula of linear frequency modulation signal based on uniform pulse truncation is given, and the theoretical method of radar target information extraction is studied. The conclusion of range ambiguity brought by conventional signal processing in FMICW signal system is obtained. Then, the methods to solve range ambiguity are analyzed and studied. Finally, the concepts of ranging range and time domain ranging ambiguity are studied. Then, the FMICW signal based on signal design is studied to resist long range echo aliasing. The basic requirements of radar system parameter setting are given. According to the characteristics of orthogonal coding, the basic theory of phase coded signal echo signal processing. FMICW signal is superposed by orthogonal coding to solve the problem of anti-long-range echo aliasing. The orthogonal coding design based on optimization algorithm is further studied and analyzed. Then it mainly studies the design and implementation of the software platform of radar signal simulation system, from the overall design of the software system to the flow design of each module to determine the framework of the software platform. The software system uses mixed programming of C # and MATLAB to realize signal waveform editing and signal downloading. Waveform verification and signal acquisition are realized by SCPI and .API interface function. Finally, the performance index and function of each hardware module are studied. The hardware platform of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system is built from the radar waveform synthesis technology and radar signal generation technology. Then the system software control platform and the hardware platform based on universal instrument are combined to verify the correctness of the waveform. The processing of the collected real signal verifies that the FMICW signal anti-long-range echo aliasing algorithm based on waveform design has a good effect. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation test platform based on System Vue is built to provide more advanced means for radar system test.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN957.51

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