本文選題：北斗接收機 + 信號捕獲��； 參考：《安徽大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：北斗衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS)是我國獨立研發(fā)的衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng),它的成功研制將在全球范圍內(nèi)為我國提供衛(wèi)星定位導航服務；同時它也是當前世界上較為先進的衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng),已經(jīng)在生產(chǎn)、生活、科學研究、國防建設等眾多領域中得到了廣泛的應用。接收機系統(tǒng)對偽碼(Pseudo-random noise code)信號的捕獲是實現(xiàn)衛(wèi)星導航定位功能的關鍵,而偽碼捕獲速度的快慢直接反應了接收機性能的優(yōu)劣,所以本文將對北斗衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)中偽碼快速捕獲技術進行深入的研究。論文在研究對比幾種常見的偽碼捕獲算法的基礎上,對相關算法改進后得到一種適用于北斗二代衛(wèi)星信號接收機基帶信號快速捕獲算法。論文主要從以下幾個方面進行了論述：首先介紹了全球衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷程,借此引申出我國北斗衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)；接著闡述了北斗衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷史,說明了自主研發(fā)全球衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)的重要意義,進而提出對北斗衛(wèi)星接收機系統(tǒng)中偽碼信號捕獲技術的研究。然后論文介紹了北斗衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)的理論基礎,在介紹完北斗衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)的組成結(jié)構(gòu)之后,著重分析了北斗衛(wèi)星信號的構(gòu)成；從北斗信號的載波、偽隨機噪聲碼和調(diào)制方式等方面詳細分析了北斗信號的特性。介紹完北斗衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)之后,進一步分析北斗接收機中信號捕獲的原理,以及對信號的多普勒頻移、數(shù)據(jù)碼的長度、頻率搜索步長和捕獲門限值等信號捕獲過程中所涉及的重要參數(shù)分析。論文第四部分介紹并分析了三種常用的信號捕獲算法,分別是匹配濾波器法、串行時域捕獲算法和并行碼相位捕獲算法。了解了它們的優(yōu)缺點之后,分析提出了一種基于部分匹配濾波器與FFT結(jié)合捕獲算法,該算法利用了FFT的性質(zhì)把傳統(tǒng)算法中對信號偽隨機噪聲碼相位和載波頻率的二維搜索過程變成了只對偽隨機噪聲碼相位搜索的一維過程,這樣極大的縮短了信號捕獲所需要的時間；信號載波的搜索是通過FFT估算出的多普勒頻移調(diào)節(jié)接收機本地復現(xiàn)信號,從而實現(xiàn)信號載波的快速捕獲。然而對具有較長周期的偽隨機碼信號進行捕獲時,這種部分匹配濾波器與FFT結(jié)合的方法將會消耗更多硬件資源。因此對部分匹配濾波器結(jié)構(gòu)進一步改進,采用能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)長周期偽碼快速捕獲且硬件資源消耗小改進方法,即用折疊匹配濾波器的結(jié)構(gòu)代替部分匹配濾波器實現(xiàn)長偽碼信號快速捕獲,這樣改進后的折疊匹配濾波器與FFT結(jié)合算法不僅能實現(xiàn)偽碼信號的快速捕獲,還能極大的減小硬件資源的消耗。最后分析折疊匹配濾波器的原理與結(jié)構(gòu),并對北斗二代偽碼信號進行仿真驗證,證明該算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:BeiDou Navigation Satellite system (BDSs) is a independently developed satellite navigation system in China. Its successful development will provide China with satellite positioning and navigation services on a global scale. At the same time, it is also a relatively advanced satellite navigation system in the world at present. Has been widely used in production, life, scientific research, national defense construction and many other fields. The acquisition of pseudo-random noise code signals by receiver system is the key to realize satellite navigation and positioning, and the speed of pseudo-code acquisition directly reflects the performance of the receiver. In this paper, the pseudo-code fast acquisition technology in Beidou Satellite system will be deeply studied. Based on the research and comparison of several common pseudo-code acquisition algorithms, a fast base-band signal acquisition algorithm for the second generation Beidou satellite signal receiver is obtained by improving the correlation algorithm. This paper mainly discusses the following aspects: firstly, the development course of global satellite navigation system is introduced, by which the Beidou satellite navigation system of our country is extended, and then the history of the development of Beidou satellite navigation system is expounded. The significance of independently developing global satellite navigation system is explained, and the research of pseudo-code signal acquisition technology in Beidou satellite receiver system is put forward. Then the paper introduces the basic theory of Beidou satellite navigation system. After introducing the structure of Beidou satellite system, the paper analyzes the structure of Beidou satellite signal, the carrier wave of Beidou signal, and the structure of Beidou satellite navigation system. The characteristics of Beidou signal are analyzed in detail from pseudorandom noise code and modulation mode. After the Beidou satellite system is introduced, the principle of signal acquisition in the Beidou receiver, the Doppler frequency shift of the signal and the length of the data code are further analyzed. The analysis of the important parameters involved in the signal acquisition process, such as the frequency search step size and the acquisition threshold value. In the fourth part of the paper, three common signal acquisition algorithms are introduced and analyzed, which are matched filter method, serial time domain acquisition algorithm and parallel code phase acquisition algorithm. After understanding their merits and demerits, a novel acquisition algorithm based on partial matched filter and FFT is proposed. The algorithm utilizes the properties of FFT to transform the two-dimensional search process of the phase and carrier frequency of the signal pseudorandom noise code into a one-dimensional process which only searches the phase of the pseudorandom noise code. In this way, the time needed for signal acquisition is greatly shortened. The search of signal carrier is to adjust the local reproduction signal of the receiver by Doppler frequency shift estimated by FFT, so as to realize the fast acquisition of signal carrier. However, when the pseudorandom code signal with long period is captured, the combination of the partial matched filter and FFT will consume more hardware resources. Therefore, the structure of partial matched filter is further improved, and the method of fast acquisition of long period pseudo code and small improvement of hardware resource consumption is adopted. The structure of folding matched filter is used instead of partial matching filter to realize fast acquisition of long pseudo code signal, so the improved folding matching filter combined with FFT algorithm can not only realize the fast acquisition of pseudo code signal. Can also greatly reduce the consumption of hardware resources. Finally, the principle and structure of folding matched filter are analyzed, and the simulation results of Beidou second generation pseudo code signal show that the algorithm is effective.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN967.1

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