本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)　切入點：睡眠調(diào)度　出處：《重慶郵電大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSN)廣泛應(yīng)用的同時得到了大量的關(guān)注與研究,而其工作的免授權(quán)頻段已變得非常擁擠,在一定程度上束縛了其繼續(xù)發(fā)展與應(yīng)用。認知無線電技術(shù)的引入為WSN提供了擴展工作頻譜資源的手段,進而認知無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(CRSN)得到了越來越多的關(guān)注與研究,其中媒體訪問控制協(xié)議(MAC)深刻影響著WSN的能量有效和有序工作,成為WSN和CRSN中的研究重點。本文首先對WSN中節(jié)點的睡眠-喚醒機制進行了研究。節(jié)點睡眠機制是降低節(jié)點能耗并延長WSN生命周期的重要技術(shù)。在現(xiàn)有的節(jié)點睡眠調(diào)度機制中,節(jié)點能耗是調(diào)度機制的唯一考慮目標,這將很容易導(dǎo)致WSN無法完全覆蓋監(jiān)測區(qū)域,進而引發(fā)嚴重后果。針對現(xiàn)有調(diào)度機制的不足,本文提出一種考慮到網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋面的節(jié)能調(diào)度機制。考慮節(jié)點的部署密度和覆蓋范圍對節(jié)點進行集中調(diào)度,以減少冗余數(shù)據(jù)的感知、處理和傳輸,這種機制既能降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗也能夠兼顧到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的監(jiān)測覆蓋情況。仿真結(jié)果表明該機制能在保證較高的網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋度的前提下有效提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。其次在論文中考慮到CRSN中的認知功能帶來的額外能耗和處理要求及其高成本實現(xiàn)的背景,提出了將認知功能獨立成為另外一種節(jié)點,并使其擁有較強的處理能力和能量收集能力,并與普通傳感器節(jié)點按照一定比例進行部署組成一種新型網(wǎng)絡(luò):異質(zhì)節(jié)點的認知無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(HT-CRSN)。這種新型網(wǎng)絡(luò)將絕大多數(shù)處理任務(wù)集中到擁有較強性能的認知節(jié)點上,能夠極大地提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能、方便部署以及降低部署成本。本文進而提出了一種能夠適用于這種異質(zhì)節(jié)點的傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工作時序,及其可行性的MAC協(xié)議。通過對所提MAC協(xié)議的能耗分析以及仿真結(jié)果證明,通過調(diào)整兩類異質(zhì)節(jié)點的部署比例和能量收集速率能夠均衡兩類異質(zhì)節(jié)點的能耗,進而提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。論文深入研究了CRSN的MAC協(xié)議及其相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題,并取得了一定的研究成果,對未來CRSN的研究具有一定的理論價值。
[Abstract]:The wide application of WSNs has attracted a lot of attention and research. However, the frequency band of WSNs without authorization has become very crowded, which restricts its further development and application to a certain extent.The introduction of cognitive radio technology provides a means to expand the working spectrum resources of WSN, and then cognitive wireless sensor network (WSN) has been paid more and more attention and research.The media access control protocol (MAC) has a profound impact on the energy efficiency and orderly work of WSN, and has become the focus of research in WSN and CRSN.In this paper, the sleep-wake-up mechanism of nodes in WSN is studied.Node sleep mechanism is an important technique to reduce node energy consumption and prolong WSN life cycle.In the existing node sleep scheduling mechanism, the node energy consumption is the only objective of the scheduling mechanism, which will easily lead to the WSN can not completely cover the monitoring area, and then lead to serious consequences.In view of the deficiency of the existing scheduling mechanism, this paper proposes an energy saving scheduling mechanism which takes into account the network coverage.In order to reduce the perception processing and transmission of redundant data this mechanism can not only reduce the network energy consumption but also take into account the monitoring coverage of the network.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the network lifetime under the premise of high network coverage.Secondly, considering the additional energy consumption and processing requirements brought by cognitive function in CRSN and the background of its high cost realization, this paper proposes to make cognitive function independent as another kind of node.It has strong processing ability and energy collection ability, and deploys with common sensor nodes according to a certain proportion to form a new network: heterogeneous cognitive wireless sensor networks (HT-CRSNs).This new network concentrates most of the processing tasks on cognitive nodes with strong performance, which can greatly improve network performance, facilitate deployment and reduce deployment costs.In this paper, we propose a MAC protocol, which can be applied to the sensor networks with heterogeneous nodes.Through the analysis of the energy consumption of the proposed MAC protocol and the simulation results, it is proved that by adjusting the deployment ratio and the energy collection rate of the two heterogeneous nodes, the energy consumption of the two heterogeneous nodes can be balanced and the network life cycle can be improved.In this paper, the MAC protocol of CRSN and its related key technical problems are deeply studied, and some research results are obtained, which have certain theoretical value for the future research of CRSN.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN925;TP212.9

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本文編號：1728242