本文選題：地面機(jī)動(dòng)目標(biāo)　切入點(diǎn)：線性調(diào)頻連續(xù)波　出處：《南京理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：機(jī)場(chǎng)封鎖對(duì)奪取戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)制空權(quán)起到舉足輕重的作用,針對(duì)國(guó)外最先進(jìn)的反封鎖技術(shù)和裝備,采用集目標(biāo)探測(cè)和火力打擊于一體的智能雷是一種有效手段。國(guó)外已裝備的智能雷大多采用聲、地震動(dòng)及紅外等傳感器對(duì)目標(biāo)實(shí)施探測(cè)與識(shí)別,本文采用毫米波探測(cè)技術(shù),對(duì)地面機(jī)動(dòng)目標(biāo)探測(cè)信號(hào)處理中固定雜波抑制、多目標(biāo)距離速度提取以及基于一維距離像和微多普勒的機(jī)場(chǎng)典型目標(biāo)的特征提取等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究。主要包括:(1)雷達(dá)回波信號(hào)中,雜波干擾總是伴隨著目標(biāo)信息的存在而存在,為了簡(jiǎn)化目標(biāo)環(huán)境,提高信雜比,分析了機(jī)場(chǎng)環(huán)境下固定雜波的主要來源,采用頻譜幅度對(duì)消法抑制固定雜波,獲得了明顯效果。(2)為了解決線性調(diào)頻連續(xù)波(LFMCW)雷達(dá)中多目標(biāo)距離-速度耦合問題,分析了基于變斜率三角波調(diào)頻的距離速度提取方法,仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了算法的有效性;為了使智能雷具有穩(wěn)定的動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)性能,采用恒虛警門限加滑動(dòng)窗的聯(lián)合檢測(cè)法實(shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)譜峰檢測(cè)。(3)建立了光學(xué)區(qū)飛機(jī)和裝甲車的多散射中心模型,利用快速傅里葉變換(FFT)獲得了寬帶雷達(dá)目標(biāo)一維距離像及其典型特征;針對(duì)飛機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)部件和裝甲車輛車身的振動(dòng),分別建立了旋轉(zhuǎn)和振動(dòng)模型,采用短時(shí)傅里葉變換(STFT)提取了窄帶雷達(dá)目標(biāo)的微多普勒特征。研制了低成本、高可靠性的地面機(jī)動(dòng)目標(biāo)探測(cè)信號(hào)處理板并完成了系統(tǒng)的軟硬件聯(lián)合調(diào)試。通過外場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)測(cè)汽車和卡車目標(biāo)信號(hào)的分析,驗(yàn)證了信號(hào)處理模塊的有效性,為智能雷毫米波探測(cè)信號(hào)處理及系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)提供了理論和技術(shù)參考。
[Abstract]:The airport blockade plays an important role in seizing the battlefield air power, aiming at the most advanced anti-blockade technology and equipment in foreign countries. The intelligent mine which combines target detection and firepower attack is an effective method. Most of the intelligent mines in foreign countries use acoustic, ground motion and infrared sensors to detect and identify the target. In this paper, millimeter wave detection technology is used to detect and recognize the target. Fixed clutter suppression in signal processing of ground maneuvering target detection, The key techniques such as range velocity extraction of multi-targets and feature extraction of typical airport targets based on one-dimensional range profile and micro-Doppler are studied. Clutter always exists with the existence of target information. In order to simplify the target environment and improve the signal-to-clutter ratio, the main sources of fixed clutter in airport environment are analyzed. In order to solve the multi-target range-velocity coupling problem in linear frequency modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) radar, the range velocity extraction method based on variable slope triangular wave frequency modulation is analyzed. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. In order to make the intelligent mine have stable performance of moving target detection, the multi-scattering center model of aircraft and armored vehicle in optical area is established by using the combined detection method of constant false alarm threshold and sliding window. The one-dimensional range profile and its typical features of wideband radar target are obtained by using fast Fourier transform (FFT), and the rotation and vibration models are established for the vibration of aircraft rotating parts and armored vehicle body, respectively. Using short time Fourier transform (STFT) to extract the micro Doppler features of narrow band radar targets, a low cost method is developed. The high reliability signal processing board for ground maneuvering target detection and the joint debugging of the software and hardware of the system are completed. The validity of the signal processing module is verified by the analysis of the vehicle and truck target signal measured in the field experiment. It provides theoretical and technical reference for signal processing and system realization of millimeter wave detection of intelligent mine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.51

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