本文選題：射頻非理想特性　切入點：I\Q不平衡　出處：《電子科技大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著無線通信應(yīng)用高度商業(yè)化,很多應(yīng)用場景需要設(shè)計低成本低功耗的無線通信系統(tǒng)。然而,低成本系統(tǒng)面臨各種挑戰(zhàn):限于成本,復(fù)雜的電路結(jié)構(gòu)和昂貴的器件不再適用;同時,大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的終端設(shè)備也不能對單臺設(shè)備進行針對性的電路優(yōu)化。這些因素導致低成本收發(fā)機存在嚴重射頻非理想特性,造成系統(tǒng)性能嚴重下降。為緩解射頻非理想特性造成的性能損失,發(fā)射端或接收端通常需要采用數(shù)字基帶補償或矯正算法。本文針對一些常見射頻非理想特性展開研究,分析了射頻非理想特性對系統(tǒng)性能的影響,并針對不同系統(tǒng)特點設(shè)計了矯正或補償算法。本文具體的研究工作和創(chuàng)新點如下:首先,針對單載波系統(tǒng)接收機的同相與正交分量不平衡(In-phase\Quadrature Imbalance,I\Q不平衡),本文提出了基于格雷序列的I\Q不平衡時域補償算法。接收機采用格雷序列對頻選I\Q不平衡進行估計,利用序列自相關(guān)特性,極大地簡化了估計過程。由于格雷序列在一些標準中被用于前導碼或獨特字(例如60GHz通信標準IEEE 802.15.3c和IEEE 802.11ad),該算法應(yīng)用于采用上述標準的系統(tǒng)不需要改變幀結(jié)構(gòu),有效降低系統(tǒng)開銷。仿真結(jié)果表明,該補償算法在視距信道與非視距信道中都能消除I\Q不平衡影響。第二,針對發(fā)射機頻選I\Q不平衡、載波泄漏以及帶內(nèi)失真,本文提出了自適應(yīng)I\Q不平衡矯正和跟蹤算法。每個支路逆響應(yīng)直接通過自適應(yīng)算法估計,避免了先估計I\Q支路響應(yīng)再求逆濾波器的額外運算。同時,本文還提出一種迭代算法用于跟蹤溫度改變造成的I\Q不平衡參數(shù)變化。經(jīng)過復(fù)雜度分析,該算法矯正效率較高。仿真結(jié)果對上述算法針對各類射頻非理想特性矯正的有效性進行了驗證。第三,本文定量分析了正交頻分復(fù)用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)差分空時編碼(Differential Space-time Coding,DSTC)系統(tǒng)中,發(fā)射機和接收機I\Q不平衡的性能影響,并提出了一種在接收端聯(lián)合補償發(fā)射機和接收機I\Q不平衡的算法。利用判決導向的廣義線性自適應(yīng)算法,有效地緩解了I\Q不平衡對系統(tǒng)性能的影響。另外,本文還提出了一種基于I\Q不平衡參數(shù)估計的通用補償算法。與廣義線性補償算法相比,該算法加快了收斂速度,提升了在快變信道中的補償性能,并能分離收發(fā)端的I\Q不平衡參數(shù)。上述兩種算法都利用差分編碼規(guī)則進行自適應(yīng)估計與補償,不需要額外的訓練序列或已知導頻信號,節(jié)約了系統(tǒng)的開銷,補償性能經(jīng)過了仿真驗證。最后,本文定量分析了DSTC-OFDM系統(tǒng)中維納相位噪聲對系統(tǒng)性能的影響。在不使用額外訓練序列或者已知導頻信號的條件下,本文提出了一種判決導向算法估計并抑制相位噪聲的公共相位誤差。為增強對較高水平相位噪聲的抑制能力,本文還提出了一種基于分組的判決導向估計算法。該算法利用分組規(guī)則將一個OFDM符號內(nèi)的子載波分為兩組,每組分別進行判決導向估計,再將估計結(jié)果進行組合和選擇,有效地規(guī)避了判決錯誤,保證估計準確性。本文對上述兩種算法進行了仿真驗證,結(jié)果表明判決導向估計能夠補償較低水平的相位噪聲;在嚴重相噪下,分組判決導向估計補償性能較好。
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless communication applications highly commercialized, many applications that require wireless communication system design of low cost and low power consumption. However, the low cost system faces many challenges: limited to cost, complex circuit structure and expensive device is no longer applicable; at the same time, the terminal equipment of mass production can not be a single device for circuit optimization of. These factors lead to low cost RF transceiver has serious non ideal characteristics, resulting in a serious decline in system performance. In order to alleviate the non ideal characteristics of RF performance loss caused by the transmitter or receiver usually need to use digital baseband compensation or correction algorithm. In this paper, aiming at some common non ideal characteristics of RF, analyzes the influence of non ideal frequency the characteristics of the performance of the system, and the design of the correction or compensation algorithms for different system characteristics. The specific research work and innovations such as : first, according to the in-phase and quadrature components of single carrier receiver imbalance (In-phaseQuadrature Imbalance, IQ imbalance), based on Gray series IQ imbalance compensation algorithm. The receiver adopts time domain sequence of Gray frequency selective IQ imbalance estimation, using sequence autocorrelation, which greatly simplifies the estimation process as the Gray sequence in some standard is used in the preamble or unique words (such as 60GHz IEEE 802.15.3c and IEEE 802.11ad communication standard), the algorithm is applied to the system by using the standard does not need to change the frame structure, effectively reduce the system overhead. The simulation results show that this compensation algorithm can eliminate the effect of IQ imbalance in the horizon channel with the NLOS channel. In second, the transmitter frequency selective IQ imbalance, and carrier leakage in band distortion, this paper presents an adaptive IQ unbalance correction and tracking algorithm. Each branch is estimated by direct inverse response adaptive algorithm, avoid the first estimate of IQ branch in response to additional operations inverse filter. At the same time, this paper also puts forward an iterative algorithm for tracking the temperature change caused by the IQ imbalance parameters change. Through the complexity analysis, the algorithm has higher efficiency. The simulation results of the correction of the algorithm for all kinds of the effectiveness of non ideal characteristics of RF correction is verified. Third, this paper quantitatively analyzes the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) differential space-time encoding (Differential Space-time, Coding, DSTC) system, affects the performance of the transmitter and the receiver IQ imbalance, and proposes a terminal joint compensation transmitter and the receiver IQ imbalance in the receiving algorithm. The generalized linear adaptive algorithm using decision oriented, effectively alleviate the imbalance of system performance IQ The effect. In addition, this paper also proposes a general IQ imbalance compensation algorithm based on parameter estimation. Compared with generalized linear compensation algorithm, this algorithm has faster convergence speed, improve the compensation performance in fast time-varying channel, and can separate transmitter and receiver IQ imbalance parameters. The two kinds of algorithms using the differential encoding rules for adaptive estimation and compensation, do not need additional training sequence or known pilot signal, saving the cost of the system, the compensation performance after simulation. Finally, this paper quantitatively analyzes the effect of Wiener phase noise on performance of DSTC-OFDM systems. Without the use of additional training sequences or known guide frequency signals, this paper proposes a decision directed estimation algorithm and phase noise suppression of common phase error. In order to strengthen the capability of restraining the high level of phase noise, this paper also proposes a Group decision directed estimation algorithm based on the algorithm. According to the grouping rules will be an OFDM symbol subcarriers are divided into two groups, each group of decision directed estimation, the estimation results of the selection and combination, effectively avoid decision errors, ensure the estimation accuracy. This paper carried out the simulation for the two the results show that the decision directed estimation algorithm, the phase noise can be compensated at lower levels; in severe phase noise, group decision directed estimation and compensation performance is better.

【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN929.53

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