本文關(guān)鍵詞： 智能配電網(wǎng) 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡 故障定位 PSO算法 APIT算法　出處：《安徽工程大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：智能配電網(wǎng)是世界電力建設的發(fā)展方向,傳統(tǒng)的配電網(wǎng)發(fā)生故障造成大面積停電停產(chǎn)時依據(jù)經(jīng)驗有時能判斷出故障原因卻不能定位故障位置,造成經(jīng)濟損失嚴重。無線傳感網(wǎng)的發(fā)展為智能電網(wǎng)故障定位提供新的發(fā)展方向。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡因為其自動組網(wǎng)性、靈敏性、低能耗、成本低、可靠性較高等優(yōu)勢,能適應配電網(wǎng)復雜的網(wǎng)絡架構(gòu),對智能配電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)的故障進行精確定位,提高智能配電網(wǎng)定位檢測故障效率。國內(nèi)外研究學者正逐漸將WSNs應用在智能配電網(wǎng)的故障定位研究。本文針對智能配電網(wǎng)故障定位問題,采用無線傳感網(wǎng)應用智能配電網(wǎng)對故障定位進行進一步的研究。本文總結(jié)了智能配電網(wǎng)電力系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,配電終端設備、配電線路特點和通信結(jié)構(gòu),闡述了數(shù)據(jù)通信要求并分析設備終端數(shù)據(jù)通信要求和配電網(wǎng)電力系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建靈活的基于智能電網(wǎng)通信的無線傳感網(wǎng)通信架構(gòu)。增加智能配電網(wǎng)節(jié)點間通信的有效性和可靠性,保障智能電網(wǎng)的通信架構(gòu)和無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡的通信架構(gòu)相適應。本文針對DV-hop算法定位精度較低,分簇不均基于DV-hop算法來改進均值粒子群算法(PDV-hop,Particle DV-HopAlgorithm),在保持通信開銷和硬件成本不增加的前提下,改進均值粒子群算法中粒子的速度與位移,有效地提高了分簇定位的精確度后,提高了數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸速率。本文對傳統(tǒng)的PIT和APIT算法受鄰節(jié)點分布疏密程度影響大,鄰節(jié)點單位面積數(shù)量較小時,錨節(jié)點組成三角形數(shù)量較少,出現(xiàn)In-to-Out error和Out-to-In error影響定位精度,導致定位精度較低。在保持通信開銷和硬件成本不增加的前提下,改進RSSI測距權(quán)重值,在保持較高精確度的情況下來確定測量次數(shù),達到最優(yōu)的測距能力,減少了數(shù)據(jù)的迭代次數(shù)。通過采用以未知節(jié)點坐標為圓心,錨節(jié)點組成的三角形求出外接球,確定外接球圓心即未知節(jié)點坐標,在確定每一個未知節(jié)點坐標后標記為已知錨節(jié)點,提高了定位節(jié)點的覆蓋率,提高了定位精度,減少數(shù)據(jù)迭代次數(shù)。通過多次仿真實驗結(jié)果對比分析,改進后的PDV-hoP算法和改進APIT算法,重新定位簇頭節(jié)點坐標更加接近真實值,有效地提高了分簇定位的精確度后,定位節(jié)點精確度和覆蓋率有顯著提高。設計WSNs智能配電網(wǎng)硬件平臺,對傳感器節(jié)點硬件模塊進行相應功能設計,應用Zigbee技術(shù)和STC12C5A32S2微處理芯片低功耗的優(yōu)點,能夠應用在智能電網(wǎng)完成對故障定位,信息傳輸?shù)纫�。將定位算法應用在建立的WSNs硬件平臺模型,以溫度為例模擬數(shù)據(jù)傳輸實驗和坐標定位實驗,實驗結(jié)果可知設計的傳感器節(jié)點硬件在WSNs智能配電網(wǎng)坐標定位的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性、定位精確度等方面都有提高。
[Abstract]:The smart distribution network is the development direction of the world electric power construction. When the traditional distribution network occurs the fault and causes the large-scale power outage and stops the production, it can judge the fault cause but can not locate the fault location according to the experience sometimes. The development of wireless sensor network provides a new development direction for fault location of smart grid. Wireless sensor network has the advantages of automatic networking, sensitivity, low energy consumption, low cost, high reliability and so on. Can adapt to the complex network architecture of the distribution network, and accurately locate the faults in the smart distribution network system. In order to improve the fault detection efficiency of smart distribution network, researchers at home and abroad are gradually applying WSNs to the fault location of smart distribution network. This paper aims at the problem of fault location in smart distribution network. The application of smart distribution network to fault location is further studied by wireless sensor network. This paper summarizes the structural characteristics of intelligent distribution network power system, distribution terminal equipment, distribution line characteristics and communication structure. The requirement of data communication and the structure of distribution network power system are analyzed. A flexible wireless sensor network communication architecture based on smart grid communication is constructed to increase the effectiveness and reliability of communication between smart distribution network nodes. The communication architecture of smart grid is suitable for wireless sensor network. In this paper, the location accuracy of DV-hop algorithm is low. Clustering unevenness is based on DV-hop algorithm to improve the mean particle swarm optimization algorithm (PDV-hopper Particle DV-Hopalgorithm). Without increasing communication overhead and hardware cost, the speed and displacement of particles in the mean particle swarm optimization algorithm are improved, and the accuracy of clustering location is improved effectively. In this paper, the traditional PIT and APIT algorithms are greatly affected by the distribution density of adjacent nodes, the number of unit area of adjacent nodes is small, the number of anchor nodes is less, and the In-to-Out error and Out-to-In error affect the positioning accuracy. Under the condition that the communication overhead and hardware cost are not increased, the weight value of RSSI ranging is improved to determine the measurement times under the condition of high accuracy, so as to reach the optimal ranging capability. The number of iterations of the data is reduced. By using a triangle with unknown node coordinates as the center and the anchor node forming a triangle to get the ball out, the outer ball center is determined as the unknown node coordinate. After determining the coordinates of each unknown node, it is marked as a known anchor node, which improves the coverage of the location node, improves the positioning accuracy and reduces the number of data iterations. After the improved PDV-hoP algorithm and improved APIT algorithm, the coordinate of cluster head node is closer to the real value, and the accuracy of clustering localization is improved effectively. The accuracy and coverage of location nodes have been improved significantly. The design of WSNs smart distribution network hardware platform, the corresponding function design of sensor node hardware module, the application of Zigbee technology and the advantages of low power consumption of STC12C5A32S2 microprocessing chip, It can be used in smart grid to fulfill the requirements of fault location, information transmission, etc. The localization algorithm is applied to the WSNs hardware platform model, and temperature is taken as an example to simulate the data transmission experiment and coordinate location experiment. The experimental results show that the sensor node hardware can improve the data transmission reliability and positioning accuracy of WSNs intelligent distribution network coordinate positioning.
【學位授予單位】：安徽工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM76;TP212.9;TN929.5

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