本文關(guān)鍵詞：城市場景下車載自組網(wǎng)中基于車輛分布的分層路由算法研究　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 車載自組網(wǎng) 分層 路由協(xié)議 GPSR NS-2

【摘要】：當(dāng)下,車載自組網(wǎng)作為智能交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,具有重要的研究價值和廣闊的發(fā)展前景。車載自組網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能是限制其發(fā)展的主要因素,一個好的車載自組網(wǎng)路由協(xié)議能夠改善網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,使數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)可靠、穩(wěn)定的傳輸。但是由于車載自組網(wǎng)中車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)移動速度快、運(yùn)動軌跡受道路限制等諸多特點(diǎn),車載自組網(wǎng)對網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由協(xié)議的要求更加嚴(yán)格。本文針對車輛不同分布的情況對車載自組網(wǎng)的路由算法進(jìn)行了深入的研究。首先,針對城市場景下道路車輛較密集,車輛趨近于均勻分布的情況,提出基于位置的分層路由算法。依賴道路的路邊固定設(shè)備充當(dāng)網(wǎng)關(guān),結(jié)合車輛的分布密度和車輛在道路的位置,在道路中選取部分車輛充當(dāng)接入幫助節(jié)點(diǎn)(Accessing Help Points,AHPs),結(jié)合AHP節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行GPSR路由改進(jìn),提出車輛均勻分布下的分層路由算法,從而有效減少數(shù)據(jù)從源節(jié)點(diǎn)到路邊固定設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸時延。其次,針對城市場景下道路車輛較稀疏,車輛非均勻分布的情況,提出基于相鄰車間距的分層路由算法。根據(jù)非均勻分布下相鄰車輛之間的車間距進(jìn)行分簇,分簇后的簇頭和簇尾節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行通信半徑的動態(tài)變化,從而提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的穩(wěn)定性。并在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合車載自組網(wǎng)中的基于位置的GPSR路由協(xié)議進(jìn)行改進(jìn),提出車輛非均勻分布下的分層路由算法,以改善網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。通過VanetMobiSim和NS-2仿真工具對上述兩種算法進(jìn)行仿真。仿真結(jié)果表明,在車輛趨近均勻分布時,基于位置的分層路由算法能夠減少數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)臅r延,降低數(shù)據(jù)的丟包率,適用于車輛密集擁塞情況下對時延要求較高的城市場景。當(dāng)車輛非均勻分布時,基于相鄰車間距的分層路由算法能夠較好的適應(yīng)車輛的位置變化,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載不大時能夠有效減小數(shù)據(jù)傳輸時延,提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)挠行�。最�?本文指出了一些有待解決和完善的問題,為后續(xù)深入研究指出方向。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, as an important part of intelligent transportation system, vehicle-mounted ad hoc network has important research value and broad development prospect. The network performance of vehicle-mounted ad hoc network is the main factor limiting its development. A good on-board ad hoc routing protocol can improve the network performance, make the data reliable and stable transmission, but because of the vehicular ad hoc network, the vehicle nodes move fast. The movement track is restricted by the road and so on. Vehicle ad hoc network has more strict requirements for network routing protocol. This paper studies the routing algorithm of vehicle ad hoc network in accordance with the different distribution of vehicles. First of all. In view of the situation that the road vehicles are dense and the vehicles are close to uniform distribution in the urban environment, a hierarchical routing algorithm based on location is proposed, which relies on the road fixed devices to act as the gateway. Combined with the distribution density of the vehicle and the location of the vehicle on the road, selected part of the vehicle in the road as the access help node processing Help points AHPs. Combining with AHP nodes to improve GPSR routing, a hierarchical routing algorithm based on uniform distribution of vehicles is proposed to effectively reduce the data transmission delay from source nodes to roadside fixed devices. Secondly. A hierarchical routing algorithm based on the distance between adjacent vehicles is proposed to solve the problem of sparse road vehicles and non-uniform distribution of vehicles in the urban environment. Clustering is carried out according to the distance between adjacent vehicles under the non-uniform distribution. The cluster head and the cluster tail node have dynamic change of communication radius, so as to improve the stability of the network. Based on this, the location based GPSR routing protocol in the vehicle ad hoc network is improved. In order to improve the network performance, a hierarchical routing algorithm with non-uniform vehicle distribution is proposed. The simulation results show that these two algorithms are simulated by VanetMobiSim and NS-2 simulation tools. As vehicles approach to uniform distribution, the hierarchical routing algorithm based on location can reduce the delay of data transmission and the rate of data packet loss. When the vehicle is not uniformly distributed, the hierarchical routing algorithm based on the distance between adjacent vehicles can better adapt to the change of vehicle position. When the network load is small, it can effectively reduce the delay of data transmission and improve the efficiency of data transmission. Finally, this paper points out some problems to be solved and improved, and points out the direction for further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN929.5;U495

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