目前我國在鋼軌探傷過程中大多使用手推式檢測設(shè)備,探傷效率低,難以對缺陷進行定量檢測,容易出現(xiàn)錯報漏報等問題,為造成嚴(yán)重的安全事故埋下隱患。為此,本文旨在研究對鋼軌裂紋精確量化,提高成像效果和檢測效率等技術(shù),首先建立了基于全矩陣采集（FMC）的雙層介質(zhì)下相控陣單元超聲發(fā)射和接收的數(shù)值模型,實現(xiàn)了對鋼軌內(nèi)部裂紋定量定位檢測,提高信噪比和分辨率;再結(jié)合常超技術(shù),通過CIVA仿真建立超聲布局,搭建了超聲組合判傷系統(tǒng),檢測速度顯著提高,有效解決了軌頭核傷難檢等問題,實現(xiàn)了對鋼軌各類典型缺陷的定量定位檢測。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:為了獲得清晰度更好、分辨率更高的缺陷成像,本文基于超聲相控陣技術(shù),以全矩陣采集技術(shù)作為采集原始缺陷數(shù)據(jù),對全聚焦計算方法進行了推導(dǎo),并給出了超聲成像質(zhì)量評價指標(biāo)。研究了聲場在雙層介質(zhì)中的傳播理論。根據(jù)斯內(nèi)爾定律和超聲波最短時間路徑傳播原理,得到了超聲波束在雙層介質(zhì)交界處的一元四次方程。借鑒Ferrari方法,給出了聲波入射點位置在交界面處的計算方法,推導(dǎo)出基于雙層介質(zhì)的全聚焦模型,并通過實驗驗證,改進后的加楔塊全聚焦算法能對鋼軌內(nèi)部裂紋準(zhǔn)確定位,且對缺陷量化能力強,成像效果優(yōu)于... 

【文章來源】：西南交通大學(xué)四川省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：82 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Rail Inspection Overview
    1.2 Rail Defect Classification
    1.3 Double-layer Media Ultrasonic Imaging
    1.4 Document Organization
Chapter 2 Ultrasonic Testing Technology
    2.1 Phased Array Technology
        2.1.1 Basic Scanning Mode
        2.1.2 Beam Foucusing and Beam Steering
        2.1.3 Delay Time Calculation
    2.2 Full Matrix Capture Technology
    2.3 Total Focusing Method (TFM)
    2.4 Evaluation of Ultrasound Image
        2.4.1 Imaging Resolution
        2.4.2 API
        2.4.3 Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio
    2.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 3 Double-layer Media Total Focusing Method
    3.1 Double-layer Media Ultrasound Transmission
    3.2 Ultrasonic Incidence Point Calculation at the Interface
    3.3 Double-layer Media Total Focusing Method
    3.4 Experiments and Analysis
        3.4.1 Data Acquisition
        3.4.2 Algorithm Implementation
        3.4.3 Experimental Results
    3.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 4 Combined Channel Detection Technology
    4.1 Combined Channel Detection Overview
    4.2 Simulation and Analysis
        4.2.1 Offset Angel of the PA Probe
        4.2.2 Surface and Subsurface Cracks Detection
        4.2.3 Simulation Conclusion
    4.3 Multi-channel Combination Model Establishment
        4.3.1 Probe Arrangement
        4.3.2 Combined Channel Detection System
    4.4 Chapter Summary
Chapter 5 Application of Rail Non-Destructive Testing
    5.1 Sample Rail Detection
        5.1.1 Conventional Ultrasonic Testing
        5.1.2 WTFM Algorithm Detection
    5.2 In-service Rail Inspection
    5.3 Compare Detection Results
    5.4 Chapter Summary
Conclusion and Outlook
Acknowledgements
Reference
Papers Published During the Master's Degree


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
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[2]相控陣超聲檢測技術(shù)中的全聚焦成像算法及其校準(zhǔn)研究[J]. 周正干,彭地,李洋,胡宏偉.  機械工程學(xué)報. 2015(10)
[3]鋼軌探傷車對軌頭核傷檢測能力的分析[J]. 石永生,羅國偉,徐其瑞.  無損檢測. 2014(09)
[4]高速鐵路軌道無損探傷技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢[J]. 王雪梅,倪文波,王平.  無損檢測. 2013(02)
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本文編號：3207511