本文選題：火星　切入點(diǎn)：電流　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2011年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在太陽(yáng)系八大行星中,除金星和火星之外,其它行星都有比較強(qiáng)的內(nèi)稟磁場(chǎng)。鑒于各個(gè)行星自身的差異性,特別是它們的磁場(chǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),因而它們與太陽(yáng)風(fēng)作用的性質(zhì)有所不同,各自形成的磁層結(jié)構(gòu)以及產(chǎn)生的磁層現(xiàn)象也不盡相同�；鹦潜徽J(rèn)為是太陽(yáng)系中自然環(huán)境最接近地球的行星,因此越來(lái)越為人類(lèi)所關(guān)注。對(duì)火星磁場(chǎng)的探測(cè)與研究已經(jīng)成為空間物理領(lǐng)域里的熱門(mén)課題之一。 本文利用火星具有電離層而無(wú)內(nèi)稟磁場(chǎng)的特點(diǎn)以及它與太陽(yáng)風(fēng)作用的性質(zhì),從電流的角度出發(fā),建立火星感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)模型,對(duì)火星感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生的原因、分布情況進(jìn)行研究。同時(shí),根據(jù)探測(cè)器所觀測(cè)到的火星極光圖片,建立極光區(qū)地殼磁場(chǎng)模型,得到了磁力線拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)并且討論了磁異常的成因。本文的主要工作以及得到的結(jié)果概括如下: 由于火星沒(méi)有顯著的內(nèi)稟磁場(chǎng),它與太陽(yáng)風(fēng)作用的方式與地球有很大的差異。太陽(yáng)風(fēng)直接與火星電離層、大氣層發(fā)生相互作用,導(dǎo)致了火星電離層上出現(xiàn)感應(yīng)電流。在第二章中,根據(jù)衛(wèi)星所觀測(cè)到的火星磁場(chǎng)分布特征以及電流始終包絡(luò)磁力線這一特性,構(gòu)建了火星磁層電流體系模型。在模型中,火星磁層頂電流,電離層電流以及磁尾中性片電流構(gòu)成了火星磁層電流體系。根據(jù)電流連續(xù)性的條件,這三種電流滿(mǎn)足一定的關(guān)系:磁層頂上通過(guò)的總電流是電離層上通過(guò)的總電流與磁尾中性片通過(guò)的總電流之和。本文分別討論了火星磁層電流體系分布的二維近似模型和三維分布模型。 第三章以火星磁層電流體系模型為基礎(chǔ),分別構(gòu)建了火星感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)二維近似模型和三維模型。在模型中,火星磁層頂電流,電離層電流以及磁尾中性片電流產(chǎn)生的磁場(chǎng)與太陽(yáng)風(fēng)磁場(chǎng)一起構(gòu)成了火星周?chē)拇艌?chǎng)分布。根據(jù)畢奧-薩伐爾定理和利用磁力線跟蹤程序,得到了火星赤道面以及與赤道面平行的其它平面內(nèi)的磁場(chǎng)分布。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,根據(jù)模型得到的磁場(chǎng)分布與衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)到的結(jié)果以及他人研究結(jié)果符合的較好�；鹦侵�?chē)拇艌?chǎng)分布與具有內(nèi)稟磁場(chǎng)的行星不同,其磁力線披掛在火星周?chē)?在磁尾形成一個(gè)開(kāi)放的結(jié)構(gòu)。同時(shí)計(jì)算結(jié)果還表明,不同平面內(nèi)磁力線拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)既有類(lèi)似的地方,又存在較大的差異性。與赤道面平行且越近的平面內(nèi),磁力線的“拖拽”程度越明顯,這主要由于火星電離層對(duì)不同的區(qū)域內(nèi)行星際磁場(chǎng)的阻礙程度不同。 與具有較強(qiáng)內(nèi)稟磁場(chǎng)的行星兩極上出現(xiàn)的極光不同,火星極光主要發(fā)生在南半球地殼磁場(chǎng)異常的區(qū)域,并且極光分布特征與其它行星上的極光也有所區(qū)別。第四章在“火星全球勘探者”和“火星快車(chē)”的最近觀測(cè)結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上,從等效電流的角度出發(fā),建立了火星極光區(qū)地殼磁場(chǎng)模型,得到了火星地殼磁異常區(qū)的磁場(chǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)�；跇O光發(fā)生于磁力線匯聚的地方,利用模型得到的磁場(chǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),能夠復(fù)原出所觀測(cè)到的火星極光圖像。同時(shí),根據(jù)火星極光弧的寬度比較窄這一顯著分布特征,本文對(duì)火星地殼磁異常的起因進(jìn)行了討論。
[Abstract]:In the eight planets in the solar system, in addition to Venus and Mars, the other planets have their intrinsic magnetic fields. In view of the differences between the planets themselves, especially their magnetic field topologies, the nature and function of the solar wind are different, their respective magnetic layer structure formed and the magnetic layer phenomenon not all the same. Mars is considered the solar system in the natural environment of the planet closest to the earth, so more and more concern for the human. The exploration and research of Martian magnetic field has become one of the hot topics in the field of space physics.
The Mars ionosphere has no intrinsic characteristics and magnetic field and the solar wind properties, from the perspective of the current establishment of Martian induced magnetic field model, the reason of Martian induced magnetic field, study the distribution situation. At the same time, according to the probe observed Martian Aurora image, establish the auroral crustal magnetic field model of magnetic field line topology obtained and the causes of magnetic anomalies are discussed. The main work of this paper and the results obtained are summarized as follows:
Because Mars has no intrinsic magnetic field significantly, there is a great difference between it and the solar wind with the earth. The solar wind directly with the Martian ionosphere, atmosphere interaction, leads to the appearance of the induced current on the ionosphere. In the second chapter, according to the satellite observed in the Martian magnetic field distribution and the characteristics of current always build envelope lines, Mars magnetospheric current system model. In the model, the Martian magnetopause current, ionospheric current and the current sheet in magnetotailform the Martian magnetospheric current system. According to the continuity of the current conditions, the three current the total current of the magnetopause is through the ionospheric total current and total current through the magnetotail neutral sheet. And this paper discusses the approximate model and three-dimensional distribution model of two-dimensional Martian magnetospheric current system distribution.
The third chapter is based on the current system model of Martian magnetosphere, respectively. The approximate model and three-dimensional model of Martian induced magnetic field. In the two-dimensional model, the Martian magnetopause current, ionospheric current and the current sheet in magnetotail magnetic field generated by the magnetic field and the solar wind together constitute the distribution of magnetic field around Mars. According to Biot Savart using theorem and magnetic tracking program, the Martian equatorial plane and the equatorial plane parallel to the other of the magnetic field distribution. The calculation results show that the distribution of magnetic field according to the observation model and the satellite to the results and others study results. The distribution of magnetic field around Mars is different with the intrinsic magnetic field of the planet. Lines drape around Mars, forming an open structure in the magnetotail. Results also show that the topologies of magnetic field in different planes is similar to There is a great difference between the two sides. The more the parallel and nearer the plane of the equator, the more obvious the magnetic drag line is. This is mainly due to the different degree of obstruction of the Mars ionosphere to the interplanetary magnetic field in different regions.
Different and has strong intrinsic magnetic poles on the planet Mars Aurora, Aurora occurs mainly in the southern hemisphere region of crustal magnetic anomalies, and Aurora distribution and other planets auroras are different. In the fourth chapter, "the recent observations of Mars Global Surveyor" and "Mars Express", starting from the angle of equivalent current, established the Martian Aurora crustal magnetic field model, the magnetic field topology of Martian crustal magnetic anomalies are obtained. Aurora occurs where lines converge on the results by using the model of magnetic field topology, to reconstruct the Martian Aurora images observed. At the same time, according to the width of the Martian Aurora arc the obvious feature of the narrow, this paper discussed the causes of the Martian crustal magnetic anomalies.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P185.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 ;Effects of Martian crustal magnetic field on its ionosphere[J];Science China(Technological Sciences);2010年06期

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本文編號(hào)：1646272