【摘要】：由于實(shí)際工程的特殊性和復(fù)雜性,大多交通橋(閘)軸線(xiàn)或中心線(xiàn)與河道中心線(xiàn)夾角并非呈90°,如果按照底流消能消力池垂直河道的常規(guī)做法,必然會(huì)出現(xiàn)在橋后與消力池的連接段河道采用“梯形”混凝上進(jìn)行連接過(guò)度,從而增加了該連接段的混凝土工程量和工程造價(jià)。若將交通橋(閘)后的消力池的前后沿改為順橋(閘)方向(即消力池的前后沿與橋中心線(xiàn)方向平行)不僅可以減少工程量,節(jié)約資金,同時(shí)還會(huì)達(dá)到更好的消能防沖效果。由于關(guān)于斜向消力池的研究并不多,本論文是在前人研究正向消力池內(nèi)水流特性的原理上,探索斜向消力池內(nèi)的水流特性。 論文中研究了夾角75°、60°和45°三個(gè)方案,探索斜向消力池內(nèi)的水流特性,探索的內(nèi)容主要有斜向消力池內(nèi)的縱向流速、橫向流速、池內(nèi)水深、弗勞德數(shù)凡、斜向消力池內(nèi)的消能效果以及斜向消力池內(nèi)的躍后水深計(jì)算公式,通過(guò)對(duì)比分析的方法發(fā)現(xiàn)： (1)對(duì)于斜向交通橋(閘)后的消力池,采用斜向消力池的設(shè)計(jì)方法比正向消力池的設(shè)計(jì)方法更好。 (2)斜向消力池內(nèi)的水流特性,包括消力池內(nèi)的水深變化,橫向流速、縱向流速、弗勞德數(shù)以及消能效果均有一定的變化規(guī)律,其變化規(guī)律均與斜向消力池夾角的角度有關(guān),文章中有具體論述。 (3)斜向消力池的整體消能效果比正向消力池的整體效果好； (4)正向消力池內(nèi)的躍后水深計(jì)算公式并不適用于斜向消力池內(nèi)的躍后水深計(jì)算,文章中歸納、總結(jié),初步提出了夾角75°、60°和45°斜向消力池內(nèi)的躍后水深經(jīng)驗(yàn)計(jì)算公式。 通過(guò)對(duì)試驗(yàn)的分析和研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)了斜向消力池內(nèi)水流特性的許多規(guī)律和特點(diǎn),同時(shí)最重要的是發(fā)現(xiàn)了斜向消力池內(nèi)消能效果比正向消力池內(nèi)的消能效果好,對(duì)于交通橋(閘室)與河道不垂直的狀況,建議采用斜向消力池的設(shè)計(jì)方法。
[Abstract]:Due to the particularity and complexity of the actual project, the angle between the axis or center line of most traffic bridges (sluice) and the center line of the river is not 90 擄. If according to the conventional practice of vertical channel in the bottom flow energy dissipation stilling pool, It is inevitable that the connection between the bridge and the stilling pool will be overconnected by "ladder" coagulation, thus increasing the concrete engineering quantity and engineering cost of the connection section. If the front and rear edge of the stilling pool after the traffic bridge (sluice) is changed to the direction of the downstream bridge (sluice) (that is, the front and rear edge of the stilling pool is parallel to the direction of the center line of the bridge), it can not only reduce the amount of engineering, save funds, but also achieve better energy dissipation and impact protection. Since there are few studies on oblique stilling ponds, this paper explores the flow characteristics in oblique stilling ponds on the principle of previous studies on the flow characteristics in forward stilling ponds. In this paper, three schemes with angles 75 擄, 60 擄and 45 擄are studied, and the flow characteristics in the oblique stilling tank are explored. The main contents of the exploration are the longitudinal velocity, transverse velocity, water depth and Froude number in the oblique stilling pool. The energy dissipation effect in the oblique stilling pool and the formula for calculating the jump water depth in the oblique stilling pool are compared and analyzed, and it is found that: (1) for the stilling pool behind the oblique traffic bridge (sluice), The design method of oblique stilling pool is better than that of forward stilling pool. (2) the flow characteristics in the oblique stilling tank, including the variation of water depth, transverse velocity, longitudinal velocity, Froude number and energy dissipation effect, all have certain variation laws, which are related to the angle between the angle of the oblique stilling pool. There is a specific discussion in the article. (3) the overall energy dissipation effect of oblique stilling pool is better than that of forward stilling pool; (4) the formula for calculating the water depth after jump in the forward stilling tank is not suitable for the calculation of the water depth after jump in the oblique stilling pool. In this paper, the angle of 75 擄is preliminarily put forward. Empirical formulas for calculating the depth of water after jump in 60 擄and 45 擄oblique stilling ponds. Through the analysis and research of the experiment, many laws and characteristics of the flow characteristics in the oblique stilling pool are found, and the most important thing is that the energy dissipation effect in the oblique stilling pool is better than that in the forward stilling pool. For the condition that the traffic bridge (gate chamber) is not perpendicular to the river channel, the design method of oblique stilling pool is suggested.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV653;TV135.2

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