【摘要】：汶川“5.12”大地震不僅在地震影響區(qū)內(nèi)產(chǎn)生大量的崩塌、滑坡地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,而且在整個(gè)核心區(qū)內(nèi)形成了多處堰塞湖,庫(kù)區(qū)內(nèi)邊坡變形破壞有不同程度的增加,尤其在哈姆山段變形破壞強(qiáng)烈,山體滑坡對(duì)哈姆湖堰塞湖造成了一定損壞,一旦堰體潰決,湖水快速下泄,將直接威脅阿壩藏族羌族自治州群眾的生命安全,危險(xiǎn)性極大。因此亟需對(duì)哈姆山堰塞湖進(jìn)行安全評(píng)估工作,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行治理。本文在哈姆山堰塞湖壩址處多年平均徑流深、設(shè)計(jì)洪水、分期洪水與潰壩洪水等計(jì)算成果的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了哈姆山堰塞湖潰壩風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。并結(jié)合哈姆山堰塞壩壩基、壩肩地質(zhì)條件,對(duì)哈姆山堰塞壩及壩基、壩肩條件做了安全評(píng)價(jià),得到如下結(jié)論:沿河槽陡坡存在繞滲穩(wěn)定問題;砂礫卵石與基巖接觸界面處可能存在不均勻沉陷現(xiàn)象;左岸壩肩總體穩(wěn)定,右岸壩肩為右岸崩塌堆積體,但是兩岸壩肩存在繞滲問題。本文分別采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式解析法和平面二維有限元數(shù)值分析法對(duì)堰塞壩壩體進(jìn)行了滲流穩(wěn)定分析計(jì)算,計(jì)算結(jié)果表明堰塞壩上下游滲透穩(wěn)定滿足規(guī)范要求,沿堰塞壩向河槽繞滲滲透穩(wěn)定計(jì)算結(jié)果不滿足規(guī)范要求,需要進(jìn)行防滲處理。同時(shí)通過對(duì)高邊坡進(jìn)行復(fù)核計(jì)算,表明堰塞壩右岸高邊坡P1破碎帶范圍邊坡不穩(wěn)定,左岸高邊坡H01潛在崩塌體不穩(wěn)定,且H02潛在滑移體不穩(wěn)定,需要進(jìn)行加固處理。最后本文根據(jù)哈姆山堰塞湖安全評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,針對(duì)哈姆山堰塞湖存在的問題,提出了綜合治理措施,通過方案比選,采用鋼筋石籠對(duì)堰塞體右岸主河槽進(jìn)行防洪護(hù)砌,右岸采用漿砌石擋墻,達(dá)到堰塞壩泄流槽治理的目的。右岸松散堆積體處理采用擋土墻結(jié)合坡頂開挖加固方案,防止滑坡體完全堵塞泄槽。本文為我國(guó)堰塞湖安全評(píng)估與治理的實(shí)際案例,對(duì)其他類似工程的建設(shè)有一定的參考價(jià)值,同時(shí)進(jìn)一步完善了堰塞湖安全評(píng)估與治理理論及方法,具有一定的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值與工程價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The Wenchuan "5.12" earthquake not only produced a large number of collapses and landslides in the earthquake-affected areas, but also formed a number of dammed lakes in the whole core area, and the slope deformation and destruction in the reservoir area increased in varying degrees. Especially in the Hamshan section, the deformation and destruction is strong, and the landslide has caused certain damage to the Hamhu barrier lake. Once the Weir body collapses, the lake water will drain rapidly, which will directly threaten the life safety of the masses in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, and it will be very dangerous. Therefore, it is urgent to evaluate the safety of Hamshan dammed lake and to control it. Based on the calculation results of average runoff depth, design flood, phased flood and dam break flood at the dam site of Hamshan dammed lake, the risk of dam break in Hamshan dammed lake is analyzed in this paper. Combined with the geological conditions of the dam foundation and abutment of Hamshan Weir, the safety evaluation of Hamshan dam, dam foundation and abutment conditions is made, and the following conclusions are drawn: there is a problem of seepage stability along the steep slope of the river channel; There may be uneven subsidence at the contact interface between gravel pebbles and bedrock, and the left bank abutment is generally stable, and the right bank abutment is a right bank collapse and accumulation body, but the cross-strait dam abutment has the problem of circumfluence. In this paper, the seepage stability of dam body is analyzed and calculated by empirical formula analysis method and plane two-dimensional finite element numerical analysis method, respectively. The results show that the seepage stability of upper and lower reaches of the dam meets the requirements of the code. The results of seepage stability calculation along the dammed dam into the channel do not meet the requirements of the code and need to be treated with anti-seepage. At the same time, through the calculation of the high slope, it is shown that the slope of the right bank of the dam is unstable in the range of the high slope P1, the potential collapse of the high slope H01 on the left bank is unstable, and the potential sliding body of H02 is unstable, so it is necessary to strengthen the slope. Finally, according to the result of safety evaluation of Hamshan dammed lake and aiming at the problems existing in Hamshan dammed lake, this paper puts forward the comprehensive control measures. Through the scheme comparison and selection, the reinforced stone cage is used to protect the main channel of the right bank of the dammed body for flood control and protection. On the right bank, mortar masonry retaining wall is used to control the discharge channel of dammed dam. In the treatment of loose accumulation on the right bank, retaining wall combined with excavation and reinforcement on the top of the slope is adopted to prevent the landslide body from completely blocking the drain channel. This paper is a practical case of safety assessment and management of dammed lake in our country, and has certain reference value to other similar projects construction. At the same time, the theory and method of safety assessment and management of dammed lake have been further perfected. It has certain academic value and engineering value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV882.9

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