【摘要】：近年來(lái)水力發(fā)電行業(yè)不斷進(jìn)步,水力發(fā)電需求逐漸增大,我國(guó)的水電總裝機(jī)容量持續(xù)增高。水輪發(fā)電機(jī)作為水力發(fā)電過(guò)程中的重要設(shè)備,其設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行也越來(lái)越受到重視。水輪發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行中的發(fā)熱問(wèn)題直接關(guān)系到它的運(yùn)行可靠性與使用壽命,因此通風(fēng)散熱一直是水力發(fā)電設(shè)備研究的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題之一。定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)是水輪發(fā)電機(jī)通風(fēng)散熱系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理與否以及內(nèi)部冷卻氣體流動(dòng)速度和溫度的分布直接關(guān)系到水輪發(fā)電機(jī)的正常運(yùn)行。本文基于計(jì)算流體力學(xué)和傳熱學(xué)的基本理論建立了燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)多場(chǎng)耦合計(jì)算模型,針對(duì)水輪發(fā)電機(jī)定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的流場(chǎng)和溫度場(chǎng)分布及其耦合進(jìn)行深入研究并通過(guò)在定子通風(fēng)溝內(nèi)·設(shè)置縱向渦發(fā)生器改進(jìn)定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),增強(qiáng)散熱效果。本文利用三維造型軟件UG建立了定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)模型,通過(guò)ICEM CFD對(duì)三維模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分之后導(dǎo)入流體流動(dòng)分析軟件Fluent中計(jì)算分析定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的流場(chǎng)和溫度場(chǎng),了解系統(tǒng)整體與局部的風(fēng)速和溫度分布以及高溫區(qū)域的位置,并研究了入口風(fēng)速對(duì)定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)溫升的影響。研究表明系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的最高溫度出現(xiàn)在定子線圈,流體部分的高溫出現(xiàn)在定子線圈后面的軛部區(qū)域。入口風(fēng)速在一定程度內(nèi)增大會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)溫升迅速降低,超過(guò)一定范圍后入口風(fēng)速繼續(xù)增大溫升的降低不再明顯。本文中基于強(qiáng)化散熱理論提出了在定子通風(fēng)溝中設(shè)置縱向渦發(fā)生器來(lái)改善定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)散熱效果的方法,并對(duì)縱向渦發(fā)生器的設(shè)置方案進(jìn)行介紹,研究了縱向渦發(fā)生器增強(qiáng)散熱的機(jī)理和影響因素包括沖角,高度以及徑向安裝位置等。本文提出了最高溫度降低量和對(duì)比阻力系數(shù)兩個(gè)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。在定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中設(shè)置縱向渦發(fā)生器后其下游區(qū)域形成明顯的縱向渦增強(qiáng)換熱。通過(guò)對(duì)縱向渦發(fā)生器優(yōu)化因素的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)齒部中間靠近入口處設(shè)置高度為5mm,沖角為45°的縱向渦發(fā)生器增強(qiáng)散熱效果最佳,系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的溫度分布相對(duì)比較均勻。本文的研究為水輪發(fā)電機(jī)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)特別是定子通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)提供了一定的參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous progress of hydropower industry, the demand for hydropower is increasing gradually, and the total installed capacity of hydropower in China continues to increase. As an important equipment in hydroelectric power generation process, the design and operation of hydrogenerator are paid more and more attention. The heating problem of hydrogenerator is directly related to its reliability and service life, so ventilation and heat dissipation is always one of the key problems in the research of hydropower equipment. Stator ventilation system is an important part of hydrogenerator ventilation and heat dissipation system. Whether the structure design is reasonable or not and the distribution of cooling gas flow velocity and temperature directly affect the normal operation of hydrogenerator. Based on the basic theories of computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer, a multi-field coupling calculation model for stator ventilation system of bulb tubular hydrogenerator is established in this paper. The distribution and coupling of flow field and temperature field in stator ventilation system of hydrogenerator are studied in depth. The structure of stator ventilation system is improved by setting longitudinal vortex generator in stator ventilation ditch and the heat dissipation effect is enhanced. In this paper, the stator ventilation system model is established by using the three-dimensional modeling software UG, and the flow field and temperature field of the stator ventilation system are calculated and analyzed by introducing the fluid flow analysis software Fluent after the three-dimensional model is meshed by ICEM CFD. The global and local wind speed and temperature distribution and the location of the high temperature region are studied. The influence of the inlet wind speed on the temperature rise of the stator ventilation system is studied. The results show that the highest temperature of the system occurs in the stator coil and the high temperature of the fluid part appears in the yoke area behind the stator coil. When the inlet wind speed increases to a certain extent, the temperature rise of the system will decrease rapidly, but the decrease of the inlet wind speed will continue to increase and the temperature rise will not be obvious when the inlet wind speed exceeds a certain range. Based on the theory of enhanced heat dissipation, this paper puts forward a method of setting longitudinal vortex generator in stator ventilation ditch to improve the heat dissipation effect of stator ventilation system, and introduces the setting scheme of longitudinal vortex generator. The mechanism and influence factors of the longitudinal vortex generator are studied, including the angle of incidence, the height and the position of the radial installation. In this paper, two optimal design criteria, maximum temperature reduction and contrast resistance coefficient, are put forward for comparison. The longitudinal vortex-enhanced heat transfer is formed in the downstream region of stator ventilation system with longitudinal vortex generator. Through the analysis of the optimization factors of the longitudinal vortex generator, it is found that the longitudinal vortex generator with a height of 5 mm near the entrance of the stator ventilation system teeth and an angle of incidence of 45 擄has the best effect of enhancing heat dissipation, and the temperature distribution in the system is relatively uniform. The research in this paper provides a certain reference for the design of hydrogenerator ventilation system, especially stator ventilation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM312

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