本文關(guān)鍵詞：生物炭對土壤水分特征及水脅迫條件下高粱生長的影響，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

生物炭對土壤水分特征及水脅迫條件下高粱生長的影響

Effects of Biochar on Water Characteristics of Soil and Sorghum Growth Under Conditions of Soil Water Stress

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

WANG Hao , JIAO Xiaoyan , WANG Jinsong , WU Ailian , DING Yuchuan , DONG Erwei , WANG Lige （1. School of Biological Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 ; 2

[1]山西大學(xué)生物工程學(xué)院,太原030006; [2]山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與資源研究所,太原030031

文章摘要：為明確生物炭對土壤水分有效性及作物生長的影響,采用室內(nèi)模擬和盆栽試驗,研究了不同生物炭添加比例（0,0.5%,1%,3%和6%（w/w））對土壤水分特征和水脅迫（相對含水量45%）條件下高粱（Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench）苗期生長的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨生物炭添加比例增加,土壤吸濕系數(shù)、凋萎濕度、田間持水量、飽和含水量、土壤毛管孔隙和總孔隙度呈增加趨勢,而容重降低;生物炭明顯提高了土壤的EC值,0,0.5%,1%,3%和6%處理分別為0.16,0.33,0.47,0.89,1.58mS/cm。添加生物炭在一定程度上能夠控制土壤的水分蒸發(fā),提高土壤保水能力和土壤的有效水含量,但在相同含水量下土壤水的有效性降低。在水分脅迫條件下,6%處理提高了高粱葉片相對含水量,但其植株水勢最低,同時蒸騰速率、氣孔導(dǎo)度、胞間二氧化碳濃度和凈光合速率最低;0.5%處理葉水勢最高,蒸騰速率、氣孔導(dǎo)度和凈光合速率較高,同時干物質(zhì)累積最大,表明施用0.5%的生物炭能夠改善土壤水分環(huán)境,促進水脅迫條件下高粱生長。

Abstr：Experiments were carried out to study the effects of biochar,made from corn straw,on soil water constants in laboratory.Then the effects of biochar supplied rate at 0,0.5%,1%,3%,6%（w/w）on soil water availability and seeding growth of sorghum（Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench）under conditions of water stress were conducted in greenhouse.The soil moisture was kept at 45% of filed capacity throughout the greenhouse experiment.The results demonstrated that soil wilting moisture,field capacity,saturated water content,soil capillary porosity and the total porosity were increased with the rate of biochar application,whereas soil bulk density was declined.Electric conductivity（EC）was significantly affected by addition of biochar,which were 0.16,0.33,0.47,0.89,1.58mS/cm at the application rate of 0,0.5%,1%,3%and6%respectively.Biochar application could increase soil water holding capacity and delay evaporation from soil,but soil water availability was decreased.Under the conditions of water stress,biochar application rate at 6% enhanced sorghum leaf relative water content,along with the lowest of plant water potential,leaf transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration and the net photosynthetic rate in all treatments.The highest plant water potential,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate were observed when biochar supplied at 0.5%.As a result,the biggest biomass was obtained by 0.5% biochar application rate.Those results showed that biochar applied at 0.5%could improve soil moisture status and promote crop growth when soil water was deficient.

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:biochar moisture constants soil water availability water stress sorghum photosynthesis

課題項目：山西省國際合作項目（2014081040）; 山西省科技攻關(guān)項目（20130311009-2）

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：生物炭對土壤水分特征及水脅迫條件下高粱生長的影響，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。