【摘要】：自二十世紀(jì)九十年代至今,隔震技術(shù)在我國得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。在現(xiàn)有已經(jīng)開發(fā)的結(jié)構(gòu)控制技術(shù)中,基礎(chǔ)隔震被認(rèn)為是概念簡單、性能穩(wěn)定、造價(jià)相對低廉的一種結(jié)構(gòu)被動減震控制手段。隨著建筑功能和立面效果的日益提高,一種疊層橡膠支座與懸臂柱串聯(lián)的隔震結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方案油然而生,其主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是能夠充分利用空間、便于隔震支座維修。伴隨而來的關(guān)鍵問題就是懸臂柱尺寸的確定,以及串聯(lián)隔震體系的安全性和穩(wěn)定性問題,隔震結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)遇到了新的挑戰(zhàn)。目前我國建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范2010版僅從宏觀上界定了串聯(lián)隔震體系屬于層間隔震范疇,提出了隔震層以下地面以上結(jié)構(gòu)罕遇地震作用下層間彈塑性位移角限制,但串聯(lián)隔震體系是一種變剛度強(qiáng)非線性的構(gòu)件,動力學(xué)特性復(fù)雜,尚需進(jìn)一步研究。因此,本文以隔震工程中常見的疊層橡膠支座與懸臂柱串聯(lián)的隔震體系為研究對象,建立了該體系的幾何非線性動力學(xué)方程,應(yīng)用微分求積單元法,分析了串聯(lián)隔震體系的固有振動特性和地震響應(yīng)行為,探討了串聯(lián)隔震體系的隨機(jī)響應(yīng),進(jìn)行了多個(gè)縮尺比例模型的振動臺試驗(yàn),主要內(nèi)容如下： (1)建立疊層橡膠支座與懸臂柱串聯(lián)的隔震體系幾何非線性動力響應(yīng)偏微分方程�；趧蛸|(zhì)柱假定,考慮串聯(lián)隔震體系的幾何非線性,分別應(yīng)用Hamilton變分原理和微元體分析方法,推導(dǎo)了疊層橡膠支座幾何非線性動力響應(yīng)運(yùn)動方程；結(jié)合有限單元法,將該動力學(xué)模型擴(kuò)展得到了疊層橡膠支座與懸臂柱串聯(lián)的隔震體系幾何非線性控制方程和邊界條件 (2)分析串聯(lián)隔震體系固有振動特性。應(yīng)用微分求積原理離散串聯(lián)隔震體系的非線性控制方程和邊界條件,選擇替換法處理邊界條件,采用微分求積與有限元相結(jié)合的方法——微分求積單元法,編制matlab程序求解分析了疊層橡膠支座與懸臂柱串聯(lián)隔震體系的固有振動特性,并研究了支座剛度、豎向荷載和懸臂柱長細(xì)比等因素對串聯(lián)隔震體系頻率的影響,探討了三類因素和兩種因素聯(lián)合作用下對體系頻率的不利情況。 (3)研究疊層橡膠支座與懸臂柱串聯(lián)隔震體系的幾何非線性時(shí)域響應(yīng)行為。針對串聯(lián)隔震體系幾何非線性控制方程,提出了聯(lián)合使用微分求積單元法、時(shí)域微分求積逐步積分法求解串聯(lián)隔震體系非線性動力響應(yīng)的有效方法。首先將其在各單元空間域上進(jìn)行微分求積離散,然后采用時(shí)域微分求積逐步積分法將其在時(shí)間域內(nèi)離散,應(yīng)用方程替換法處理邊界方程,最后編制迭代程序求解分析串聯(lián)隔震體系在遠(yuǎn)場罕遇水平地震動作用下的地震響應(yīng),綜合4種支座類型、3種豎向荷載值、36種長細(xì)比等因素,通過計(jì)算結(jié)果討論懸臂柱長細(xì)比對串聯(lián)隔震體系穩(wěn)定性的影響。 (4)探討考慮幾何非線性串聯(lián)隔震體系的隨機(jī)響應(yīng)。在串聯(lián)隔震體系數(shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,針對三自由度耦合的幾何非線性偏微分方程,提出了串聯(lián)隔震體系隨機(jī)響應(yīng)數(shù)學(xué)模型。以雙過濾白噪聲地震動功率譜模型為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)造串聯(lián)隔震體系隨機(jī)響應(yīng)輸入激勵,聯(lián)合應(yīng)用微分求積單元法、時(shí)域微分求積逐步積分法求解串聯(lián)隔震體系隨機(jī)響應(yīng)控制方程,研究了不同支座類型、不同豎向荷載值、不同懸臂柱長細(xì)比等因素對串聯(lián)隔震體系“大震”下隨機(jī)響應(yīng)行為的影響。 (5)針對串聯(lián)隔震體系的地震響應(yīng),進(jìn)行了模擬地震動振動臺試驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)合實(shí)際隔震工程,設(shè)計(jì)并制作了九種串聯(lián)隔震體系縮尺模型,其中隔震墊類型三種,懸臂柱類型九種,最終進(jìn)行了4組共60個(gè)工況的振動臺試驗(yàn),得到了串聯(lián)隔震體系模型四個(gè)測點(diǎn)的加速度響應(yīng)值(測點(diǎn)分別為臺面、懸臂柱高度1/2處、懸臂柱頂部、隔震墊頂部)。對比分析了不同支座不同懸臂柱組成的串聯(lián)隔震體系的地震響應(yīng),并且將模型按照相似比換算回原型中,與理論計(jì)算的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比研究,為足尺串聯(lián)隔震體系模型振動臺試驗(yàn)提供一定的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990 's, the isolation technology has been widely used in China. In the existing structure control technology, the base isolation is considered to be a kind of passive shock-absorbing control method with simple concept, stable performance and relatively low cost. With the improvement of the building function and the elevation effect, the design scheme of the vibration isolation structure in series with the cantilever column of the laminated rubber bearing is born, and the main advantages of the invention are that the space can be fully utilized to facilitate the maintenance of the vibration isolation support. The key problem is the determination of the size of the cantilever column and the safety and stability of the series isolation system. At present, the seismic design code for buildings in China has only defined the seismic category of the series shock isolation system from the macro level, and the elastic-plastic displacement angle limitation between the lower layer and the lower layer under the above ground is proposed, but the series isolation system is a member with strong stiffness and non-linearity. The dynamic characteristics are complex and need to be further studied. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic equation of the system is established, and the inherent vibration characteristics and the seismic response behavior of the series isolation system are analyzed by using the differential quadrature method. The random response of the series isolation system is discussed, and the vibration table test of a plurality of scale scale models is carried out. The main contents are as follows: (1) establishing a geometric non-linear dynamic response partial differential square of a vibration isolation system in series with a cantilever column of a laminated rubber support and a cantilever column; Based on the assumption of the homogeneous column, the geometric non-linearity of the series isolation system is considered, the Hamilton variational principle and the micro-element analysis method are applied respectively, and the geometric nonlinear dynamic response motion equation of the laminated rubber bearing is derived; and the finite element is combined. The dynamic model is extended to obtain the geometric nonlinear control equation and boundary of the isolation system in series between the laminated rubber bearing and the cantilever column. Analysis of the inherent vibration of the series isolation system based on the condition (2) In this paper, the nonlinear control equations and boundary conditions of the discrete series isolation system with differential quadrature are applied, and the boundary conditions are treated by the alternative method. The method of the combination of the differential quadrature and the finite element is used to obtain the differential quadrature. In this paper, the natural vibration characteristics of the series isolation system of the laminated rubber bearing and the cantilever column are analyzed by means of the unit method, and the frequency of the series isolation system is studied by the factors such as the stiffness of the bearing, the vertical load and the length of the cantilever. The effect of three factors and two factors on the frequency of the system under the combination of two factors is discussed. (3) When studying the geometrical non-linearity of the laminated rubber bearing and the cantilever column series isolation system, In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic response of the series isolation system is solved by using the differential quadrature method, the time domain differential quadrature method and the step-by-step integration method for the geometric nonlinear control equation of the series isolation system. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, performing differential quadrature-domain integration on the space domain of each unit, and then using a time-domain differential quadrature integration integration method to discretize the differential quadrature products in a time domain, and applying an equation replacement method In this paper, the seismic response of the series isolation system in the far field is analyzed by the iterative procedure, and the seismic response of the series isolation system under the shock of the far field is analyzed. The four kinds of support types, the three vertical load values, the 36 long thin ratio and other factors are integrated. The result of the calculation is to discuss the stability of the length of the cantilever column and the series isolation system. Qualitative influence. (4) Discussion of geometrical non-linear series isolation On the basis of the mathematical model of the series isolation system, a series of nonlinear partial differential equations with three-degree-of-freedom coupling are proposed. The stochastic response control equation of the series isolation system is solved by using the double filter white noise floor vibration power spectrum model as the basis, constructing the random response input excitation of the series isolation system, and solving the random response control equation of the series isolation system by the time domain differential quadrature method and the time domain differential quadrature integration method. In this paper, different bearing types, different vertical load values, different cantilever column lengths and other factors are used to randomize the "large earthquake" of the series isolation system. In response to the response behavior, (5) the seismic response of the series isolation system is simulated. In this paper, a vibration table test is designed and made. Nine kinds of scale models of series isolation system are designed and fabricated, in which three types of seismic isolation pads and nine types of cantilever columns are designed, and the four groups of vibration isolation systems are finally carried out. The vibration table test of the working conditions results in the acceleration response values of the four measuring points of the series isolation system model (the measuring point is the table top, the height of the cantilever column is 1/2, the cantilever column In this paper, the seismic response of the series isolation system composed of different cantilever columns of different supports is compared and analyzed, and the model is converted back to the prototype according to the similarity ratio, and compared with the results of the theoretical calculation, the vibration table test for the model of the foot-scale series isolation system is given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU352.12

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