【摘要】：隨著近些年社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，污水排放量激增，加之很多污水不經(jīng)處理或者處理不達(dá)標(biāo)就直接排放，使地表水體受到嚴(yán)重污染,水體富營養(yǎng)化嚴(yán)重。有效的控藻除藻技術(shù)，對實現(xiàn)地表水的持續(xù)利用，保證我國的水資源安全，維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展有重要意義。本試驗研究了多種粘土與PAC復(fù)合以及殼聚糖改性粘土的除藻效果。 PAC復(fù)合粘土除藻的試驗結(jié)果表明：粘土與PAC復(fù)合除藻比單獨(dú)投加粘土或PAC有了較大提高。PAC與粘土的質(zhì)量比和粘土投加量都對粘土復(fù)合PAC除藻有一定的影響，粘土復(fù)合PAC除藻的最佳配比為1:5，最佳投量為30mg/L，在此條件下的藻細(xì)胞去除率為87.19%，Chl-a去除率為89.16%。 殼聚糖改性粘土除藻試驗結(jié)果表明：粘土經(jīng)殼聚糖改性后除藻能力有了較大的提高，在合適的配比及投量下，五種粘土對藻細(xì)胞的去除率和Chl-a去除率都能達(dá)到90%以上，除藻效果整體上優(yōu)于粘土與PAC復(fù)合除藻。 殼聚糖鹽酸溶液中鹽酸的濃度對改性粘土的除藻效果有較大的影響，，綜合比較可以看出，鹽酸濃度較低的殼聚糖鹽酸溶液改性的粘土除藻效果整體上優(yōu)于鹽酸濃度高的改性粘土。 殼聚糖與粘土的質(zhì)量比、粘土投加量和粘土種類都對除藻效果有一定的影響。高濃度殼聚糖鹽酸溶液改性粘土除藻的最佳配比范圍為1:20~1:10，最佳投量范圍為10mg/L~20mg/L；而低濃度殼聚糖鹽酸溶液改性的粘土的合適配比范圍為1:5~1:2，最佳投量范圍為20mg/L~40mg/L。不同粘土的除藻效果沒有明顯的差別，相比較而言，高濃度殼聚糖鹽酸溶液改性粘土中沸石粉的除藻效果比其它四種粘土稍好，而低濃度殼聚糖鹽酸溶液改性粘土中則是活性白土的除藻效果更好一些。 在本實驗室條件下，幾種殼聚糖改性粘土中除藻效果最好的是配比為1:5，投加量為30mg/L時的低濃度殼聚糖鹽酸溶液改性沸石粉，在此條件下的藻細(xì)胞去除率為95.01%，Chl-a去除率為95.66%。 試驗還研究了殼聚糖改性粘土單獨(dú)去除銅綠微囊藻、四尾柵藻及梅尼小環(huán)藻的效果。結(jié)果表明，殼聚糖改性粘土對四尾柵藻和銅綠微囊藻的去除效果較好，對梅尼小環(huán)藻的去除效果則較差。 殼聚糖改性粘土去除銅綠微囊藻、四尾柵藻及梅尼小環(huán)藻的最佳比例分別為1:5、1:5和1:2。在各自最佳配比下的除藻最佳投量分別為30mg/L、30mg/L~40mg/L和20mg/L。 在本實驗室條件下，對銅綠微囊藻去除效果最好的是配比為1:5，投量為30mg/L的改性高嶺土，此條件下的藻細(xì)胞去除率為92.24%，Chl-a去除率為95.18%；對四尾柵藻去除效果最好的是配比為1:5，投量為30mg/L的改性活性白土，此條件下的藻細(xì)胞去除率為95.01%，Chl-a去除率為95.24%；對梅尼小環(huán)藻去除效果最好的是配比為1:2，投量為20mg/L的改性鈉基膨潤土，此條件下的藻細(xì)胞去除率為94.44%，Chl-a去除率為95.52%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy in recent years, the discharge of sewage increases rapidly, and many sewage is discharged directly without treatment or substandard, which causes serious pollution of surface water and serious eutrophication of water body. The effective algal control technology is of great significance to realize the sustainable utilization of surface water, to ensure the safety of water resources and to maintain the sustainable development of economy and society. In this paper, the algal removal effects of composite clay with PAC and chitosan modified clay were studied. The results of the experiment on algal removal of PAC composite clay show that the algal removal of clay and PAC composite is much higher than that of adding clay or PAC alone. Both the mass ratio of PAC and clay and the amount of clay addition have a certain effect on the algal removal of clay composite PAC. The optimum ratio of removal of algae by clay composite PAC was 1 ~ 5, and the optimum dosage was 30 mg / L. Under this condition, the removal rate of algae cells was 87.19%, and the removal rate of Chl 路a was 89.16%. The results of algae removal test of chitosan-modified clay show that the ability of algae removal of clay modified by chitosan has been greatly improved. The removal rate of algal cells and Chl-a of the five kinds of clay can reach 90% or more under the appropriate proportion and dosage, and the removal rate of algae cells is more than 90%, and the removal rate of algae cells is higher than that of clay modified by chitosan. The algal removal effect of clay and PAC was better than that of clay. The concentration of hydrochloric acid in chitosan hydrochloric acid solution has a great effect on the algae removal effect of modified clay. The algae-removing effect of chitosan-hydrochloric acid solution modified with low concentration of hydrochloric acid is better than that of modified clay with high concentration of hydrochloric acid as a whole. The mass ratio of chitosan to clay, the amount of clay added and the type of clay have certain influence on the algal removal effect. The optimum proportion range and dosage range of high concentration chitosan hydrochloric acid solution modified clay were 1 ~ 20 ~ 1 ~ 10 and 10 mg / L ~ (- 1) ~ 20 mg 路L ~ (- 1) and 10 mg / L ~ (- 1) ~ (10) mg / L, respectively. The suitable ratio range of clay modified by low concentration chitosan hydrochloric acid solution is 1 ~ 5 ~ 1 ~ 2, and the optimum dosage range is 20 mg / L ~ (- 1) ~ (40) mg / L. There was no obvious difference in algae removal effect among different clay. Compared with the other four kinds of clay, the algae removal effect of zeolite powder modified by high concentration chitosan hydrochloric acid solution was slightly better than that of the other four kinds of clay. In the clay modified with low concentration chitosan hydrochloric acid solution, the algae removal effect of activated clay is better than that of the clay modified by chitosan hydrochloric acid solution. Under the condition of our laboratory, the best removal effect of algae in several chitosan modified clay is that the ratio is 1? 5 and the dosage of 30mg/L is the low concentration chitosan hydrochloric acid solution to modify zeolite powder. Under this condition, the removal rate of algae cell is 95.01%, and the removal rate of algal cell is 95.01% under the condition of low concentration chitosan hydrochloric acid solution. The removal rate of Chl-a was 95.66%. The effects of chitosan-modified clay on the removal of Microcystis aeruginosa, Cyclocystis mannii and Microcystis aeruginosa were also studied. The results showed that the chitosan-modified clay had a better removal effect on Microcystis aeruginosa and four-tailed alga, while the removal effect of Chitocyclocystis Menienis was worse than that of Microcystis aeruginosa. Chitosan-modified clay was used to remove Microcystis aeruginosa. The optimum ratios of Cyclocystis tetraphylla and Chymenocyclocystis Menienis were 1? 5? 1? 5 and 1? 2. Respectively. The optimum dosage of algae removal was 30 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 40 mg / L and 20 mg / L, respectively. Under the condition of our laboratory, the best removal effect for Microcystis aeruginosa is modified kaolin with the ratio of 1 ~ 5 and the dosage of 30mg/L. Under this condition, the removal rate of algae cells is 92.24%, and the removal rate of Chl 偽 is 95.18%. Under this condition, the removal rate of algae cell is 95.01%, and the removal rate of Chl _ (a) is 95.24%. The best removal effect is that the ratio is 1? 5? The best removal efficiency for Chla was the modified sodium bentonite with the ratio of 1? 2 and 20mg/L. Under this condition, the removal rate of algae cells was 94.44%, and the removal rate of Chl 偽 was 95.52%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU991.2

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