一公里到一毫米—超尺度建構(gòu)的設(shè)計與理論研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-10 14:37
【摘要】：工業(yè)化時代之后，以柯布西耶，建筑電訊派為代表的一批現(xiàn)代主義建筑師提出了各種超尺度建構(gòu)的設(shè)想，其實(shí)質(zhì)是對未來理想城市和理想建筑之可能性的探索。中國從二十世紀(jì)八九十年代開始的城市化進(jìn)程，為理想城市和超尺度建構(gòu)的實(shí)踐探索提供了大量案例。然而，超大尺度的城市綜合體，城市空間和超尺度建構(gòu)的設(shè)計和建造究竟應(yīng)怎樣把握，仍然是使大多數(shù)建筑師困惑的難題。本文嘗試通過對城市設(shè)計和超尺度建構(gòu)發(fā)展的歷史的研究，從實(shí)踐案例和理論發(fā)展兩條線索入手，探尋解決難題的可靠方法。 本文分析了超尺度建構(gòu)具有的城市和建筑的雙重屬性，分析了影響和決定超尺度建構(gòu)的社會競爭法則和自然技術(shù)法則的基本規(guī)律。通過對從古典時代的城市和建筑到中世紀(jì)古城和哥特式建筑，及至工業(yè)化時代城市的擴(kuò)張和現(xiàn)代建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)發(fā)展線索的觀察，分析城市和超尺度建構(gòu)的建造技術(shù)的歷史發(fā)展線索；通過對現(xiàn)代主義建筑師和理論家對城市設(shè)計和超尺度建構(gòu)的構(gòu)想和實(shí)踐案例的分析，及部分與超尺度建構(gòu)比較相關(guān)的理想城市模式的探索成果的研究分析，本文提出了早期現(xiàn)代主義城市規(guī)劃和超尺度建構(gòu)的重大缺陷在于僅關(guān)注了其結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)方面的模件化系統(tǒng)，而對城市空間的模件體系未有充分認(rèn)識，因而也缺少龐大空間體系的有機(jī)秩序建構(gòu)的有效手段。這是導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)代主義大尺度建構(gòu)探索失敗的主因。進(jìn)一步地，本文通過對東西方城市和建筑的不同歷史發(fā)展背景的觀察，提出中國古代城市和建筑的有機(jī)模數(shù)和有機(jī)模件體系的思想方法在未來城市設(shè)計和超尺度建構(gòu)設(shè)計中可以具備的重要作用。 鑒于超尺度建構(gòu)的雙重屬性，本文研究分析了卡米洛·西特和凱文·林奇為代表的城市設(shè)計理論的發(fā)展，分析了城市環(huán)境認(rèn)知的五要素理論。提出借鑒貢布里希從裝飾藝術(shù)的秩序感研究所提出的秩序認(rèn)知的五項(xiàng)規(guī)律：秩序的方向性，秩序的焦點(diǎn)與變化有關(guān)，秩序自動延續(xù)的默認(rèn)，幾何秩序的感知與力的傳遞規(guī)律有關(guān)，，秩序與時間有關(guān)。主張將其與有機(jī)模數(shù)的體系和認(rèn)知地圖五要素理論結(jié)合形成指導(dǎo)設(shè)計實(shí)踐的有機(jī)秩序理論，從而達(dá)到指導(dǎo)城市設(shè)計和超尺度建構(gòu)設(shè)計走向多樣化和有機(jī)和諧的方向。 本文分上下篇。上篇是超尺度建構(gòu)的歷史和理論研究：以超尺度建構(gòu)研究的視角入手，對城市和大尺度建筑的歷史實(shí)踐與理論發(fā)展進(jìn)行了大致地梳理，研判其規(guī)律性和可資借鑒的系統(tǒng)理念。行文結(jié)構(gòu)著重從城市和超尺度建構(gòu)歷史回顧入手，分析發(fā)展遵循的社會競爭和自然法則規(guī)律。同時將認(rèn)知理論的五要素，模件體系的有機(jī)化和秩序感五個核心假說放在一起研究，探索其理論基礎(chǔ)和結(jié)合指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐的可能性。 下篇是以世博軸實(shí)際案例研判超尺度建構(gòu)有機(jī)秩序理論應(yīng)用的有效性：從作者本人主導(dǎo)的世博軸超尺度建構(gòu)的設(shè)計和建造實(shí)踐入手，分析了類似超尺度建構(gòu)和城市設(shè)計面臨的難點(diǎn)，展現(xiàn)了上述三種理論思維綜合成為有機(jī)秩序理論用以指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐的詳細(xì)過程，也分析了計算機(jī)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用對模件體系的有機(jī)化和多樣化的重大意義。
[Abstract]:After the time of industrialization, a group of modernism architects represented by the construction telecommunication group put forward the idea of various super-scale construction, which is the exploration of the possibility of the ideal city and the ideal building in the future. The process of urbanization, which began in the 1980s and 1990s, has provided a large number of cases for the practical exploration of the ideal city and the super-scale construction. However, how to grasp the design and construction of large-scale urban complex, urban space and super-scale construction is still a difficult problem for most architects. In this paper, through the study of the history of the development of urban design and super-scale construction, this paper starts with the practice cases and the theoretical development of two clues, and tries to find a reliable way to solve the problem. In this paper, the double properties of the city and the building with the super-scale construction are analyzed, and the basic rules of the social competition law and the natural technical law that influence and decide the super-scale construction are analyzed. The historical development of the construction technology of urban and super-scale construction is analyzed through the observation of the development of the development of the structure and technology of the city and the architecture of the ancient times to the ancient city of the Middle Ages and the Gothic architecture and to the expansion of the city in the industrial era and the structure of the modern architecture. The study of the exploration results of the ideal city model, which is related to the super-scale construction and comparison, through the analysis of the concept and practice cases of the urban design and the super-scale construction of the modern architects and the theorists. In this paper, it is pointed out that the major drawback of the early modern urban planning and the super-scale construction is that only the modular system of the structure technology is concerned, and the module system of the urban space is not fully recognized, and the effective hand of the construction of the organic order of the large space system is also lacking. This is the main cause of the failure of the construction and exploration of the great scale of modernism. Further, through the observation of the different historical development background of the East and West cities and the buildings, this paper puts forward the important work that the thought method of the organic modulus and the organic module system of the ancient city and the building in the future is in the design of the future city and the construction of the super-scale. In view of the double properties of the super-scale construction, this paper analyzes the development of the urban design theory, which is represented by Camilo and Kevin Lynch, and analyzes the five-way of the urban environmental cognition. In this paper, the five rules of order cognition put forward by the Institute of the Order of the Decorative Art are put forward: the direction of order, the focus and the change of order, the default of the order automatic continuation, the perception of the geometric order and the transmission law of the force, and the order and the time The theory of organic order that guides the design practice is formed by combining it with the system of organic modulus and the five-element theory of the cognitive map, so as to guide the design of the urban design and the super-scale to the diversification and the organic harmony. in the direction of the present invention. The article is divided into two parts: the history and the theoretical study of the super-scale construction: the historical practice and the theoretical development of the city and the large-scale building are sorted out based on the view of the super-scale construction research, and the regularity and the reference can be used for reference. The system idea of the system focuses on the historical review of the urban and super-scale construction, and analyzes the social competition and the self-adaptation that the development follows. The rule of law is the rule of law. At the same time, five core hypotheses of the five elements of the cognitive theory, the organic and the order sense of the module system are put together, and the theoretical foundation and the combination guidance are explored. The purpose of this paper is to study the effectiveness of the application of the theory of super-scale construction of organic order based on the actual case of the World Expo Axis: the design and construction of the super-scale construction of the world-Expo axis dominated by the author, and the similar super-scale construction and the city are analyzed. The difficulty of the design is that the three theoretical thinking is integrated into the organic order theory to guide the detailed process of the practice, and the organic and multi-function of the application of the computer technology to the module system is also analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國美術(shù)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU201;TU981
本文編號：2406427
[Abstract]:After the time of industrialization, a group of modernism architects represented by the construction telecommunication group put forward the idea of various super-scale construction, which is the exploration of the possibility of the ideal city and the ideal building in the future. The process of urbanization, which began in the 1980s and 1990s, has provided a large number of cases for the practical exploration of the ideal city and the super-scale construction. However, how to grasp the design and construction of large-scale urban complex, urban space and super-scale construction is still a difficult problem for most architects. In this paper, through the study of the history of the development of urban design and super-scale construction, this paper starts with the practice cases and the theoretical development of two clues, and tries to find a reliable way to solve the problem. In this paper, the double properties of the city and the building with the super-scale construction are analyzed, and the basic rules of the social competition law and the natural technical law that influence and decide the super-scale construction are analyzed. The historical development of the construction technology of urban and super-scale construction is analyzed through the observation of the development of the development of the structure and technology of the city and the architecture of the ancient times to the ancient city of the Middle Ages and the Gothic architecture and to the expansion of the city in the industrial era and the structure of the modern architecture. The study of the exploration results of the ideal city model, which is related to the super-scale construction and comparison, through the analysis of the concept and practice cases of the urban design and the super-scale construction of the modern architects and the theorists. In this paper, it is pointed out that the major drawback of the early modern urban planning and the super-scale construction is that only the modular system of the structure technology is concerned, and the module system of the urban space is not fully recognized, and the effective hand of the construction of the organic order of the large space system is also lacking. This is the main cause of the failure of the construction and exploration of the great scale of modernism. Further, through the observation of the different historical development background of the East and West cities and the buildings, this paper puts forward the important work that the thought method of the organic modulus and the organic module system of the ancient city and the building in the future is in the design of the future city and the construction of the super-scale. In view of the double properties of the super-scale construction, this paper analyzes the development of the urban design theory, which is represented by Camilo and Kevin Lynch, and analyzes the five-way of the urban environmental cognition. In this paper, the five rules of order cognition put forward by the Institute of the Order of the Decorative Art are put forward: the direction of order, the focus and the change of order, the default of the order automatic continuation, the perception of the geometric order and the transmission law of the force, and the order and the time The theory of organic order that guides the design practice is formed by combining it with the system of organic modulus and the five-element theory of the cognitive map, so as to guide the design of the urban design and the super-scale to the diversification and the organic harmony. in the direction of the present invention. The article is divided into two parts: the history and the theoretical study of the super-scale construction: the historical practice and the theoretical development of the city and the large-scale building are sorted out based on the view of the super-scale construction research, and the regularity and the reference can be used for reference. The system idea of the system focuses on the historical review of the urban and super-scale construction, and analyzes the social competition and the self-adaptation that the development follows. The rule of law is the rule of law. At the same time, five core hypotheses of the five elements of the cognitive theory, the organic and the order sense of the module system are put together, and the theoretical foundation and the combination guidance are explored. The purpose of this paper is to study the effectiveness of the application of the theory of super-scale construction of organic order based on the actual case of the World Expo Axis: the design and construction of the super-scale construction of the world-Expo axis dominated by the author, and the similar super-scale construction and the city are analyzed. The difficulty of the design is that the three theoretical thinking is integrated into the organic order theory to guide the detailed process of the practice, and the organic and multi-function of the application of the computer technology to the module system is also analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國美術(shù)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU201;TU981
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 王建國;;基于城市設(shè)計的大尺度城市空間形態(tài)研究[J];中國科學(xué)(E輯:技術(shù)科學(xué));2009年05期
本文編號：2406427
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