【摘要】：天然氣分布式冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)由于具有能源綜合利用率高、環(huán)保性能好、安全可靠、削峰填谷、經(jīng)濟效益好等優(yōu)點，近年來，其應(yīng)用受到越來越多的關(guān)注。然而，由于冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)靠近用戶端，當(dāng)建筑負(fù)荷波動時，聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)也發(fā)生波動，從而出現(xiàn)部分負(fù)荷的工作狀態(tài)，設(shè)備效率降低，不利于能源的充分利用，而蓄能有助于消除能量供需在時間與強度上的不匹配，使聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)設(shè)備保持高效運行，從而提高綜合能源利用效率。 本文主要研究內(nèi)容與學(xué)術(shù)貢獻(xiàn)如下： 總結(jié)了現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)中冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)組成部件模型，對于燃?xì)廨啓C，結(jié)合熱力學(xué)第一定律與產(chǎn)品樣本，用擬合方法提出半經(jīng)驗解析模型，并將該模型用于建立聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)解析模型。 基于理想相變蓄能構(gòu)建的聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)解析模型，對傳統(tǒng)以熱定電及以電定熱模式，研究蓄能對聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)的性能改善評價，分析得到，①提出基于蓄能型聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)性能的建筑負(fù)荷特征參數(shù)，包括：電熱比、電(熱)負(fù)荷波動因子、電熱負(fù)荷相位差因子；②以熱定電模式下，蓄能的作用在于減小燃?xì)廨啓C供應(yīng)的波動性，以電定熱模式下，蓄能的作用在于減小熱供需不匹配；③給出夏季工況最優(yōu)相變溫度的確定準(zhǔn)則，即對于不帶回?zé)岬娜細(xì)廨啓C，其最優(yōu)相變溫度應(yīng)取燃?xì)廨啓C出口煙氣溫度與環(huán)境溫度的幾何平均值，對于帶回?zé)岬娜細(xì)廨啓C，其最優(yōu)相變溫度應(yīng)取吸收機發(fā)生器溫度。并將結(jié)論用于評價蓄能對各類型建筑性能改善效果，發(fā)現(xiàn)對于寫字樓與商業(yè)設(shè)施效果最明顯；對于醫(yī)院冬季明顯，夏季不明顯；對于飯店，，效果最不明顯。 對于理想蓄能聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計，分別從定工況與變工況角度出發(fā)，得到系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計原則，對于定工況最優(yōu)模式為以熱定電；對于變工況，最優(yōu)模式為以熱負(fù)荷平均值確定的以熱定電模式。 然后，對于理想相變蓄能及實際相變蓄能冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)，建立了蓄能型聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)的數(shù)值模型，采用遺傳算法與動態(tài)規(guī)劃算法相結(jié)合的方法求得聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)設(shè)計策略。對解析解進(jìn)行驗證，并對理想相變蓄能模型，得到其優(yōu)化設(shè)計方法，對于實際相變蓄能，分析了蓄能器容量及蓄能器與環(huán)境散熱對系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)設(shè)計的影響。
[Abstract]:Due to the advantages of high comprehensive energy utilization, good environmental protection performance, safety and reliability, peak and valley cutting and good economic benefits, the application of distributed natural gas combined cooling and heat supply system has attracted more and more attention in recent years. However, because the combined cooling and heating power supply system is close to the user, when the construction load fluctuates, the supply of the joint supply system also fluctuates, which results in the partial load working state, and the equipment efficiency is reduced, which is not conducive to the full utilization of energy. Energy storage is helpful to eliminate the mismatch between energy supply and demand in time and intensity, and to keep the equipment running efficiently, so as to improve the efficiency of comprehensive energy utilization. The main contents and academic contributions of this paper are as follows: the model of the components of the combined cooling and heat supply system in the existing literature is summarized. For gas turbines, the first law of thermodynamics is combined with the product sample. The semi-empirical analytical model is proposed by fitting method, and the model is used to establish the analytical model of co-supply system. Based on the analytical model of cogeneration system constructed by ideal phase change energy storage, the performance improvement evaluation of energy storage system by thermal and electric heating modes is studied, and the results are obtained. 1. The characteristic parameters of building load based on the performance of energy storage system are put forward, including: electric heat ratio, electric (thermal) load fluctuation factor, electric heat load phase difference factor; (2) the function of energy storage is to reduce the fluctuation of gas turbine supply in thermal fixed mode, and the function of energy storage in electric fixed heat mode is to reduce the mismatch of heat supply and demand; (3) the criterion of determining the optimal phase change temperature in summer is given, that is, for the gas turbine with no heat, the optimum phase change temperature should be the geometric average of the gas turbine outlet flue gas temperature and the ambient temperature, and for the gas turbine with the return heat, the optimum phase change temperature should be taken as the geometric average of the gas turbine outlet gas temperature and the ambient temperature. The optimum phase change temperature should be taken as the temperature of absorber generator. The conclusion is used to evaluate the performance improvement effect of various types of buildings. It is found that the effect is the most obvious for office buildings and commercial facilities; for hospital winter, summer is not obvious; for hotels, the effect is the least obvious. For the optimal design of the ideal energy storage system, the optimum design principle of the system is obtained from the point of view of fixed working condition and variable working condition, and the optimal mode of fixed working condition is thermal fixed power. For off-condition, the optimal mode is the thermostatic mode determined by the average thermal load. Then, for the ideal phase change energy storage system and the actual phase change energy storage combined energy supply system, the numerical model of the energy storage system is established, and the optimal design strategy of the joint energy storage system is obtained by the combination of genetic algorithm and dynamic programming algorithm. The analytical solution is verified, and the optimal design method is obtained for the ideal phase change energy storage model. For the practical phase change energy storage, the influence of accumulator capacity and heat dissipation of accumulator and environment on the optimal design of the system is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU996;TU8

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