住宅全生命周期碳排放核算方法及低碳住宅評(píng)價(jià)體系
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-16 14:59
【摘要】：生命周期評(píng)價(jià)方法作為一種全過(guò)程的管理工具，廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。本文在總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了低碳建筑定義，明確了低碳建筑內(nèi)涵，對(duì)比分析了低碳建筑與其它類型建筑之間的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。 利用生命周期方法，將住宅建筑劃分為建筑材料生產(chǎn)、運(yùn)輸、施工、裝飾裝修、運(yùn)行及拆除與處理六個(gè)階段，并建立了各個(gè)階段的二氧化碳排放核算模型，計(jì)算模型根據(jù)IPCC中碳核算方法采用活動(dòng)因子乘排放系數(shù)，但各階段的活動(dòng)因子有所區(qū)別。活動(dòng)因子按照各階段涉及的內(nèi)容可以分為六大類，分別是建材消耗量，運(yùn)輸周轉(zhuǎn)量，工程的機(jī)械臺(tái)班數(shù)，建筑能耗，材料再利用量和再循環(huán)量。 根據(jù)核算模型，分析了某住宅小區(qū)50年全生命周期的二氧化碳構(gòu)成，得出住宅建筑運(yùn)行階段的碳排放量最大占77.92%，其次為材料生產(chǎn)階段17.25%，裝飾裝修階段為1.78%，，施工階段為1.60%，拆除與處理階段為1.42%，運(yùn)輸所占比例較小為0.02%。通過(guò)對(duì)不同使用年限下的二氧化碳排放的敏感性分析得出：隨著住宅建筑使用壽命的降低，每年單位建筑面積的二氧化碳排放量逐漸增加，由50年的67.51kg/m~2·a增加到10年的132.05kg/m~2·a。 為了進(jìn)一步分析住宅建筑使用階段終端設(shè)備的二氧化碳構(gòu)成，對(duì)某住戶進(jìn)行了為期一年的能耗實(shí)測(cè)，測(cè)試期間炊事與熱水的CO_2量最大，占到46.45%，，供熱和制冷占到30.39%；冰箱、娛樂(lè)和照明分別占到了8.37%、7.39%和5.04%，其他電耗占到2.35%；并在實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上，并對(duì)家用設(shè)備的能耗特性進(jìn)行了研究。 在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合我國(guó)建筑特點(diǎn)及綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系構(gòu)建方法，通過(guò)對(duì)各階段影響因素分析，建立起低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系框架。本研究為今后的低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系的建立提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As a whole process management tool, life cycle evaluation method is widely used in various fields. On the basis of summarizing the literature at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the definition of low carbon building, defines the connotation of low carbon building, and analyzes the difference and relation between low carbon building and other types of building. Based on the life cycle method, the residential buildings are divided into six stages: production of building materials, transportation, construction, decoration and decoration, operation, demolition and disposal, and the carbon dioxide emission accounting model of each stage is established. According to the carbon accounting method in IPCC, the active factor is used to multiply the emission coefficient, but the activity factors are different in different stages. The activity factors can be divided into six categories according to the contents involved in each stage, namely, building materials consumption, transportation turnover, construction machinery shift, building energy consumption, material reuse and recycling. According to the accounting model, the paper analyzes the carbon dioxide composition of the whole life cycle of a residential district in 50 years. It is concluded that the largest carbon emission in the residential building operation stage is 77.92, followed by 17.25 carbon dioxide in the material production stage. The decoration and decoration stage is 1.78, the construction stage is 1.60, the demolition and treatment stage is 1.42 and the proportion of transportation is 0.02. Based on the sensitivity analysis of carbon dioxide emissions under different service life, it is concluded that with the decrease of the service life of residential buildings, the annual carbon dioxide emissions per building area increase gradually. From 50 years of 67.51kg/m~2 a to 10 years of 132.05kg/m~2 a. In order to further analyze the carbon dioxide composition of terminal equipment in residential buildings, the energy consumption of one household was measured for one year. During the test period, the CO_2 of cooking and hot water was the largest, accounting for 46.45%. Heating and refrigeration accounted for 30.39; The refrigerator, entertainment and lighting accounted for 8.377.39% and 5.04% respectively, and other electricity consumption accounted for 2.35%. Based on the measured data, the energy consumption characteristics of household equipment were studied. On the basis of the above research, combining with the characteristics of Chinese architecture and the construction method of green building evaluation system, the evaluation system frame of low carbon building is established by analyzing the influencing factors of each stage. This study provides a reference for the establishment of low-carbon building evaluation system in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU241.91
本文編號(hào)：2335835
[Abstract]:As a whole process management tool, life cycle evaluation method is widely used in various fields. On the basis of summarizing the literature at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the definition of low carbon building, defines the connotation of low carbon building, and analyzes the difference and relation between low carbon building and other types of building. Based on the life cycle method, the residential buildings are divided into six stages: production of building materials, transportation, construction, decoration and decoration, operation, demolition and disposal, and the carbon dioxide emission accounting model of each stage is established. According to the carbon accounting method in IPCC, the active factor is used to multiply the emission coefficient, but the activity factors are different in different stages. The activity factors can be divided into six categories according to the contents involved in each stage, namely, building materials consumption, transportation turnover, construction machinery shift, building energy consumption, material reuse and recycling. According to the accounting model, the paper analyzes the carbon dioxide composition of the whole life cycle of a residential district in 50 years. It is concluded that the largest carbon emission in the residential building operation stage is 77.92, followed by 17.25 carbon dioxide in the material production stage. The decoration and decoration stage is 1.78, the construction stage is 1.60, the demolition and treatment stage is 1.42 and the proportion of transportation is 0.02. Based on the sensitivity analysis of carbon dioxide emissions under different service life, it is concluded that with the decrease of the service life of residential buildings, the annual carbon dioxide emissions per building area increase gradually. From 50 years of 67.51kg/m~2 a to 10 years of 132.05kg/m~2 a. In order to further analyze the carbon dioxide composition of terminal equipment in residential buildings, the energy consumption of one household was measured for one year. During the test period, the CO_2 of cooking and hot water was the largest, accounting for 46.45%. Heating and refrigeration accounted for 30.39; The refrigerator, entertainment and lighting accounted for 8.377.39% and 5.04% respectively, and other electricity consumption accounted for 2.35%. Based on the measured data, the energy consumption characteristics of household equipment were studied. On the basis of the above research, combining with the characteristics of Chinese architecture and the construction method of green building evaluation system, the evaluation system frame of low carbon building is established by analyzing the influencing factors of each stage. This study provides a reference for the establishment of low-carbon building evaluation system in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU241.91
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 張通;;英國(guó)政府推行節(jié)能減排的主要特點(diǎn)及其對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究參考;2008年07期
2 龍惟定;張改景;梁浩;苑翔;范蕊;白瑋;;低碳建筑的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)初探[J];暖通空調(diào);2010年03期
本文編號(hào)：2335835
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