【摘要】：對(duì)于居住建筑的墻體保溫,北方一直推行墻體外保溫并且取得了很好的節(jié)能效果,但是將其推廣到夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的居住建筑,節(jié)能效果卻不甚理想。這是因?yàn)橄臒岫涞貐^(qū)的用能模式與北方供暖模式完全不同,因此需要結(jié)合夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的用能特點(diǎn),找到合適的墻體保溫體系。 本文針對(duì)夏熱冬冷地區(qū)間歇分室用能的特點(diǎn),以房間為分析單元,選取杭州某居民樓一房間作為夏熱冬冷地區(qū)用能模型,利用數(shù)值計(jì)算的方法,使用編制matlab程序,計(jì)算了基準(zhǔn)墻體、自保溫、外保溫、內(nèi)保溫在夏季單次間歇式用能在三種工作環(huán)境下空調(diào)的耗冷量,證實(shí)自保溫和內(nèi)保溫具有更好的,且內(nèi)保溫更好,而外保溫墻體基本沒(méi)有節(jié)能效果。通過(guò)分析能耗流向,推論出分戶間歇式用能墻體蓄熱對(duì)能耗有巨大影響的結(jié)論,也解釋了外保溫在南北方收效差異大的原因。 通過(guò)小比例模型測(cè)試,對(duì)比了內(nèi)保溫比外保溫節(jié)能效果,并與理論分析用能關(guān)系進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,證實(shí)了兩者的一致性；同時(shí)通過(guò)大比例模型,對(duì)理論與實(shí)測(cè)值的誤差進(jìn)行了定量分析,證實(shí)了所用計(jì)算方法以及相關(guān)結(jié)論的正確合理性。 除了單次用能時(shí)間對(duì)不同墻體節(jié)能效果的影響,同時(shí)考慮了長(zhǎng)期用能導(dǎo)致的不同保溫墻體的節(jié)能效果的差異。長(zhǎng)期用能中外保溫墻體室內(nèi)初始溫度低,基于此計(jì)算得到,外保溫墻體在夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的長(zhǎng)期用能過(guò)程中,是會(huì)發(fā)揮出節(jié)能作用的,但是節(jié)能效果仍舊不如內(nèi)保溫和自保溫,當(dāng)室內(nèi)溫度降低了5℃時(shí),才可能與兩者節(jié)能效果相當(dāng)?shù)那闆r。 考慮了墻體厚度在140mm—300mm范圍內(nèi)變化時(shí)耗冷量,得到墻體厚度對(duì)單次8h用能基本沒(méi)有影響的結(jié)論。分析了窗墻比變化對(duì)冷量的影響,得到窗墻比增大時(shí),對(duì)于單次8h用能,基準(zhǔn)墻體和外保溫墻體耗冷量減小,自保溫和內(nèi)保溫墻體,窗墻比增大時(shí)耗冷量增加,基準(zhǔn)墻體和外保溫減小的速率大于自保溫和內(nèi)保溫增加的速率的結(jié)論。同時(shí)得到墻體厚度和窗墻比的變化對(duì)并不影響保溫墻體節(jié)能效果的優(yōu)劣性的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:For the wall insulation of residential buildings, the north has been carrying out the wall heat preservation and achieved good energy saving effect, but the energy saving effect is not ideal when it is extended to residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter area. This is because the energy use mode in the hot summer and cold winter area is completely different from that in the north, so it is necessary to find a suitable wall heat preservation system according to the energy use characteristics in the hot summer and cold winter area. In this paper, according to the characteristics of intermittent energy use in hot summer and cold winter area, a room of a residential building in Hangzhou is selected as a model of energy use in hot summer and cold winter area, and the matlab program is compiled by using numerical calculation method. The cooling consumption of air conditioning with reference wall, self insulation, external heat preservation and internal heat preservation in three working environments in summer is calculated. It is proved that self-preservation and internal insulation are better and internal heat preservation is better. Outside the insulation wall basically no energy-saving effect. By analyzing the flow of energy consumption, it is inferred that the heat storage of intermittent energy use wall has a great influence on energy consumption, and also explains the reasons for the great difference in the effect of external heat preservation in the north and south. Through the small scale model test, compared the energy saving effect of internal and external heat preservation, and compared with the theoretical analysis of the relationship between energy use, confirmed the consistency between the two; At the same time, through the large scale model, the error between the theory and the measured value is quantitatively analyzed, and the correctness and rationality of the calculation method and the related conclusions are verified. In addition to the influence of single energy use time on the energy saving effect of different wall, the difference of energy saving effect of different insulation wall caused by long term energy use is considered at the same time. The internal and external heat preservation wall room initial temperature is low. Based on this calculation, the external insulation wall will play an energy-saving role in the long term energy use process in hot summer and cold winter area, but the energy saving effect is still inferior to that of internal insulation and self-insulation. When the indoor temperature is reduced by 5 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2335859