【摘要】：地質(zhì)聚合物作為一種新型綠色膠凝材料，由于其具有強(qiáng)度高、硬化快、耐酸堿腐蝕、耐高溫等諸多特性，且多種富含活性硅鋁成分的固體廢棄物，如礦渣、粉煤灰和煤矸石等均可作為地質(zhì)聚合物的主要原料，實(shí)現(xiàn)“灰色”水泥向“綠色”的轉(zhuǎn)變，因此備受關(guān)注，已經(jīng)成為研究熱點(diǎn)。本文是國家自然科學(xué)基金煤炭聯(lián)合項(xiàng)目《煤矸石在水泥和混凝土資源化利用中關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問題研究》（U1261122）的子項(xiàng)目，所有研究成果都是在該基金的資助下完成并取得的。 本文以大宗固體廢棄物煤矸石、礦渣和粉煤灰為主要原材料，采用堿激活的方式制備地質(zhì)聚合物，重點(diǎn)研究堿激活配體的優(yōu)化。首先進(jìn)行激發(fā)劑品種、激發(fā)劑摻量和水玻璃模數(shù)三因素、四水平的正交試驗(yàn)，研究三因素對自燃煤矸石-礦渣-粉煤灰地質(zhì)聚合物膠砂強(qiáng)度的影響及規(guī)律，以此確定激發(fā)劑品種、水玻璃模數(shù)以及較優(yōu)的配體參數(shù)取值范圍；然后利用二次響應(yīng)曲面中的中心組合設(shè)計(jì)以水玻璃模數(shù)和配體摻量為變量，實(shí)現(xiàn)自燃煤矸石-礦渣-粉煤灰地質(zhì)聚合物配體的最優(yōu)化，并建立膠砂強(qiáng)度與水玻璃模數(shù)和配體摻量的回歸方程；最后對最優(yōu)配合比進(jìn)行細(xì)度、凝結(jié)時(shí)間、體積安定性及水化熱等主要技術(shù)性質(zhì)的檢測。具體研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下: (1)正交試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：自燃煤矸石-礦渣-粉煤灰地質(zhì)聚合物最優(yōu)的配合比為水玻璃模數(shù)為1.0，，配體摻量20%(占膠凝材料)。激發(fā)劑品種對自燃煤矸石-礦渣-粉煤灰地質(zhì)聚合物膠砂強(qiáng)度影響最大，水玻璃模數(shù)和配體摻量對膠砂強(qiáng)度的影響也比較顯著。配體摻量對地質(zhì)聚合物的工作性影響最大。 (2)二次響應(yīng)曲面試驗(yàn)表明：自燃煤矸石-礦渣-粉煤灰地質(zhì)聚合物膠砂強(qiáng)度隨著水玻璃模數(shù)的降低而提高，隨著配體摻量的增加而增加。當(dāng)水玻璃模數(shù)為1.0、配體摻量為20%時(shí)，膠砂28d抗折強(qiáng)度達(dá)到7.55MPa、抗壓強(qiáng)度達(dá)到56.52MPa。但是當(dāng)水玻璃模數(shù)低于1.0時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)不溶性沉淀物，所以水玻璃模數(shù)不能低于1.0。配體摻量超過20%時(shí)膠砂明顯粘稠，不利滿足施工對拌合物的工作性要求。 (3)其他技術(shù)性能測定結(jié)果顯示：自燃煤矸石-礦渣-粉煤灰地質(zhì)聚合物各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)皆符合GB175-1999的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Geopolymer, as a new green cementing material, has many characteristics such as high strength, fast hardening, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and many kinds of solid wastes, such as slag, which are rich in active silicon and aluminum. Fly ash and coal gangue can be used as the main raw materials of geopolymers to realize the transformation from "grey" cement to "green". This paper is a sub-project of the National Natural Science Foundation coal joint project < Research on key Scientific problems of Coal gangue in cement and concrete Recycling Utilization "(U1261122). All the research results have been completed and obtained with the aid of this fund. In this paper, geopolymers were prepared by alkali activation using solid waste coal gangue, slag and fly ash as main raw materials, and the optimization of alkali activated ligands was emphasized. Firstly, the influence of three factors on the strength of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, slag and fly ash geopolymer cement sand was studied by orthogonal test of three factors, such as the variety of activator, the amount of activator and the modulus of sodium silicate. In order to determine the range of activator, water glass modulus and the optimal ligand parameters, and then use the center combination in the quadratic response surface to design the water glass modulus and ligand content as variables, The optimum ligands of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, slag and fly ash geopolymer were optimized, and the regression equation of cement sand strength, water glass modulus and ligand content was established. Volume stability, hydration heat and other main technical properties of the detection. The specific research contents and results are as follows: (1) the orthogonal test results show that the optimum mixture ratio of spontaneous combustion gangue, slag and fly ash geopolymers is water glass modulus 1.0 and ligand content 20% (cementitious material). The type of activator has the greatest influence on the strength of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, slag and fly ash geopolymer cement sand, and the influence of water glass modulus and ligand content on the strength of cement sand is also significant. The effect of ligand content on the workability of geopolymers is the greatest. (2) Quadric response surface test shows that the strength of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, slag and fly ash geopolymer cement sand increases with the decrease of water glass modulus. The content of ligand increased with the increase of ligand content. When the modulus of sodium silicate is 1.0 and the content of ligand is 20, the flexural strength and compressive strength of cemented sand reach 7.55 MPA and 56.52 MPA respectively. However, insoluble precipitates occur when the water glass modulus is less than 1.0, so the water glass modulus should not be lower than 1.0. When the content of ligands exceeds 20, the cement sand is obviously viscous, (3) other technical performance measurement results show that all the indexes of spontaneous combustion gangue, slag and fly ash geopolymer accord with the national standard of GB175-1999.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU52

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